The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 6 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and ?-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man
Open accessAbstract
The steady-state basal plasma glucose and insulin concentrations are determined by their interaction in a feedback loop. A computer-solved model has been used to predict the homeostatic concentrations which arise from varying degrees beta-cell deficiency and insulin resistance. Comparison of a patient's fasting values with the model's predictions allows a quantitative assessment of the contributions of insulin resistance and deficient beta-cell function to the fasting hyperglycaemia (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA). The accuracy and precision of the estimate have been determined by comparison with independent measures of insulin resistance and beta-cell function using hyperglycaemic and euglycaemic clamps and an intravenous glucose tolerance test. The estimate of insulin resistance obtained by homeostasis model assessment correlated with estimates obtained by use of the euglycaemic clamp (Rs = 0.88, p less than 0.0001), the fasting insulin concentration (Rs = 0.81, p less than 0.0001), and the hyperglycaemic clamp, (Rs = 0.69, p less than 0.01). There was no correlation with any aspect of insulin-receptor binding. The estimate of deficient beta-cell function obtained by homeostasis model assessment correlated with that derived using the hyperglycaemic clamp (Rs = 0.61, p less than 0.01) and with the estimate from the intravenous glucose tolerance test (Rs = 0.64, p less than 0.05). The low precision of the estimates from the model (coefficients of variation: 31% for insulin resistance and 32% for beta-cell deficit) limits its use, but the correlation of the model's estimates with patient data accords with the hypothesis that basal glucose and insulin interactions are largely determined by a simple feed back loop.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
15 Own result · 7 Own interpretation · 3 No full text of the sources · 1 Partly supported · 1 No basis given · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The fasting plasma insulin concentration is largely determined by the glucose concentration [3]”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [3] McCarthy ST, Harris F, Turner RC (1977) Glucose control of basal insulin secretion in diabetes. Diabetologia 13: 93?97 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results and Discussion (page unavailable in our copy) show that changing plasma glucose affects basal insulin secretion. But they also report markedly impaired responses in diabetic subjects, including cases where insulin remained nearly constant despite a substantial glucose decrease. The paper therefore supports glucose as an influence, but not the unqualified claim that it largely determines fasting insulin concentration. (LLM, conf=0.84)
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The estimate of deficient/3cell function obtained by homeostasis model assessment correlated with that derived using the hyperglycaemic clamp (R~ = 0.61, p< 0.01)”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The estimate of insulin resistance obtained by homeostasis model assessment correlated with estimates obtained by use of the euglycaemic clamp (R~=0.88,p<0.0001)”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was no correlation with any aspect of insulin-receptor binding.”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the fasting insulin concentration (P~ = 0.81, p < 0.0001)”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean coefficient of variation over the two studies was 32%.”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Reproducibility of estimate of /3-cell function by HOMA
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“in both groups together (1% 0.61, p < 0.01 : Fig. 3).”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Comparisons of methods of assessing ~3-cell function
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and with the estimate from the intravenous glucose tolerance test (R~ = 0.64, p < 0.05).”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and in both groups together: 1% = 0.64, p< 0.05; Fig. 3).”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > HOMA compared with intravenous glucose tolerance test.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Neither receptor numbers or any aspect of high or low affinity binding correlated with other measures of insulin resistance (HOMA, clamp, basal insulin or CIGMA: ~ all < 0.55; NS).”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > HOMA compared with the hyperglycaemic clamp. The
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
- It may state two separate claims as one. 2
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The low precision of the estimates from the model (coefficients of variation: 31% for insulin resistance and 32% for/3-cell deficit) limits its use”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Summary.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean coefficient of variation over the two studies was 31%.”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Hyperglycaemic clamp : ~-cell function (%)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The degree of the hyperglycaemia does not correlate significantly with either the degrees of abnormal fl-cell function or insulin resistance.”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- The authors state this as an assumption: Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
- Rests on an assumption: The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
The authors state this as an assumption.
Normal-weight normal subjects aged <35 years have 100% beta-cell function and an insulin resistance of 1.
“Assuming that normal-weight normal subjects aged < 35 years have 100% r-cell function, and an insulin resistance of 1, the values for a patient can be assessed from the insulin and glucose concentrations by the formulae: r-cell”
The paper relies on this without support.
The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects is equivalent to the C-peptide response and is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).
“The plasma glucose:insulin response for normal subjects, equivalent to the C-peptide response, is insulin = 5 (glucose-3.5).”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Surrogate markers of peripheral insulin activity, such as homeostasis model assessment and whole-body insulin sensitivity indexes, could be useful as well in the early identification of patients with IR, before overt DM sets in ().”
From Glucose Metabolism Abnormalities in Cushing Syndrome: From Molecular Basis to Clinical Management (2017) · cites this paper as [240]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“After the unprocessed diet, fasting glucose and insulin levels tended to decrease compared to baseline and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (Matthews et al., 1985) was significantly decreased compared to baseline.”
From Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake (2019) · cites this paper as Matthews et al., 1985
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HoMA-IR) was calculated according to Matthews et al. [25].”
From Chronotype: A Tool to Screen Eating Habits in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? (2022) · cites this paper as [25]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“AAV9-mTERT treated mice also showed a trend for an improved glucose uptake and a better homeostatic model assessment (HOMA (Heikkinen et al, 2007; Matthews et al, 1985)) compared to the AAV9-eGFP controls, although differences did not reach statistical significance (Supporting Information Fig S4D and E).”
From Telomerase gene therapy in adult and old mice delays aging and increases longevity without increasing cancer (2012) · cites this paper as Matthews et al, 1985
In the citing paper
“ndirect estimates of insulin resistance, such as HOMA-IR 63 and QUICKI, 64 are derived from fasting S-insulin and glucose concentrations and have been widely used in both nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects as surrogates of insulin sensitivity.65,66”
From Increased liver fat, impaired insulin clearance, and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. (2008) · cites this paper as [63]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > Subjects and procedures
“The same 12 normal subjects and 11 Type 2 diabetic patients came to the hospital fasting on a separate day for a continuous infusion”
§ Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and fl-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man > HOMA compared with the hyperglycaemic clamp. The
“HOMA compared with CIGMA.The HOMA estimate of insulin resistance from the mean of 15 stressed fasting samples before the CIGMA correlated with that measured by CIGMA in 11 normal subjects (R~ = 0.69, p < 0.02), in 12 diabetic subjects (R~ 0.97, p < 0.0001)”
Citations
Cites
Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance.
DeFronzo, R. A., Tobin, J. D., & Andres, R. (1979) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1979.237.3.e214 · Cited by 7,425
Quantitative estimation of insulin sensitivity.
Bergman, R. N., Ider, Y. Z., Bowden, C. R., & Cobelli, C. (1979) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1979.236.6.e667 · Cited by 1,874 · cited 1×
“This use of modelling to provide a reference graph contrasts with other models where an individual patient's data have to be entered into a computer to determine the relationships between rapidly changing variables, such as occur after an intravenous glucose test [19].”
Method[WHO Expert Committee on diabetes mellitus].
Reitsma, W. D., & Terpstra, J. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 556
Turner, R. C., Holman, R. R., Matthews, D., Hockaday, T. D. R., & Peto, J. (1979) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(79)90146-x · Cited by 388
Self-citationCharacteristics of Human Erythrocyte Insulin Receptors
Gambhir, K. K., Archer, J. A., & BRADLEY, C. J. (1978) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.27.7.701 · Cited by 290
The Insulin Receptor: Its Role in Insulin Resistance of Obesity and Diabetes
Olefsky, J. M. (1976) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.25.12.1154 · Cited by 289
Hosker, J. P., Matthews, D. R., Rudenski, A. S., Burnett, M. A., Darling, P., Bown, E. G., & Turner, R. C. (1985) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00280882 · Cited by 287
Self-citationPulsatile Insulin Has Greater Hypoglycemic Effect Than Continuous Delivery
Matthews, D. R., Naylor, B. A., Jones, R., Ward, G. M., & Turner, R. C. (1983) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.32.7.617 · Cited by 256
Self-citationControl of pulsatile insulin secretion in man
Matthews, D. R., Lang, D. A., Burnett, M. A., & Turner, R. C. (1983) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00282705 · Cited by 175
Self-citationTHE BASAL PLASMA GLUCOSE: A SIMPLE RELEVANT INDEX OF MATURITY‐ONSET DIABETES
HOLMAN, R. R., & TURNER, R. C. (1981) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00196.x · Cited by 64
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Metropolitan Life Assurance Co (1959) Net weight standard for men and women. Stat Bull Metrol Life Found 40: 1?4
- Matthews DR, Hosker JP (1984) An unbiased, flexible computer programme for glucose clamping, with graphics and running statistics. Diabetologia 27: 308?309 A
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 19,001–19,100 of 31,469
Nestel, P. J., Khan, A. A., Straznicky, N. E., Mellett, N. A., Jayawardana, K. S., Mundra, P. A., Lambert, G. W., & Meikle, P. J. (2016) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.11.032 · Cited by 13
Poinsot, P., Collardeau‐Frachon, S., Restier, L., et al. (2016) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2016.11.008 · Cited by 13
Association of Serum Osteocalcin with Insulin Resistance and Coronary Atherosclerosis
Kang, J. (2016) · Journal of Bone Metabolism · doi:10.11005/jbm.2016.23.4.183 · Cited by 13
Melanin-concentrating hormone in peripheral circulation in the human
Naufahu, J., Alzaïd, F., Brito, M. F., Doslikova, B., Valencia, T., Cunliffe, A., & Murray, J. F. (2017) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-16-0240 · Cited by 13
Pulido‐Moran, M., Bullón, P., Morillo, J. M., Battino, M. A., Quiles, J. L., & Ramírez-Tortosa, M. C. (2017) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.01.023 · Cited by 13
Bonaventura, A., Liberale, L., Carbone, F., Scopinaro, N., Camerini, G. B., Papadia, F. S., Cordera, R., Dallegri, F., Adami, G., & Montecucco, F. (2017) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2017.01.007 · Cited by 14
Xia, H., Zhang, R., Sun, X., Wang, L., & Zhang, W. (2017) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2017.1290074 · Cited by 13
Oharomari, L. K., de Moraes, C., & Navarro, A. M. (2017) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-017-0082-3 · Cited by 13
Bertoccini, L., Sentinelli, F., Leonetti, F., Bailetti, D., Capoccia, D., Cimini, F. A., Barchetta, I., Incani, M., Lenzi, A., Cossu, E., et al. (2017) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1080/07435800.2017.1305965 · Cited by 13
Ochiai, M., MISAKI, K., Takeuchi, T., NARUMI, R., AZUMA, Y., & Matsuo, T. (2017) · Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology · doi:10.3177/jnsv.63.111 · Cited by 13
Liu, Y., Yuan, J., Xiang, L., Zhao, Y., Niu, M., Dai, X., & Chen, H. (2017) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.17-0010 · Cited by 16
Longenecker, C. T., Margevicius, S. P., Liu, Y., SCHLUCHTER, M. D., Yun, C., Bezerra, H. G., & McComsey, G. A. (2017) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.019 · Cited by 13
Li, C., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Huang, Z. S., Han, Y., & Zhu, Y. (2017) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.07.011 · Cited by 13
Mikusic, N. L. R., Kouyoumdzian, N. M., Mauro, J. S. D., Cao, G., Trida, V., Gironacci, M. M., Puyó, A. M., Toblli, J. E., Fernández, B. E., & Choi, M. R. (2017) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.09.005 · Cited by 15
Jabbour, G., & Iancu, H.-D. (2017) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000283 · Cited by 15
Naringin prevents the inhibition of intestinal Ca 2+ absorption induced by a fructose rich diet
Rodríguez, V. A., Rivoira, M. A., Guizzardi, S., & de Talamoni, N. T. (2017) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2017.11.002 · Cited by 13
Metabolite signatures of diabetes with cardiovascular disease: a pilot investigation
Reddivari, L., Sapkota, B. R., Rudraraju, A., Liang, Y., Aston, C. E., Sidorov, E. V., Vanamala, J., & Sanghera, D. K. (2017) · Metabolomics · doi:10.1007/s11306-017-1278-8 · Cited by 13
de Luis, D. A., Izaola, O., Primo, D., & Aller, R. (2017) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.11.009 · Cited by 13
Abbasi, F., Silvers, A., Viren, J., & Reaven, G. M. (2017) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.11.021 · Cited by 14
Palmieri, V. J., Henshaw, M. H., Carter, J., et al. (2017) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.14175 · Cited by 13
Solis‐Paredes, J. M., Estrada‐Gutiérrez, G., Perichart‐Perera, O., Montoya-Estrada, A., Guzmán‐Huerta, M., Borboa-Olivares, H. J., Bravo-Flores, E., Cardona-Pérez, A., Zaga‐Clavellina, V., Garcı́a-Latorre, E., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19010086 · Cited by 13
Salazar, J. J., Bermúdez, V., Olivar, L. C., Torres, W., Palmar, J., Áñez, R., Ordóñez, M. G., Rivas, J. R., Martínez, M. S., Hernández-Lalinde, J., et al. (2018) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.13610.2 · Cited by 13
Kocaay, P., Şıklar, Z., Buyukfirat, S., & Berberoğlu, M. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2018.02.126 · Cited by 13
Relation Between Wrist Circumference and Left Ventricular Structure in Overweight Children
Zampetti, S., Campagna, G., Leto, G., Lucantoni, F., D’Onofrio, L., Marandola, L., Moretti, C., Chiesa, C., Pacifico, L., & Buzzetti, R. (2018) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.02.057 · Cited by 13
Zyriax, B., Vettorazzi, E., Hamuda, A., & Windler, E. E. T. (2018) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0099-9 · Cited by 13
Scarinci, E., Tropea, A., Russo, G., Notaristefano, G., Messana, C., Alesiani, O., Fabozzi, S. M., Lanzone, A., & Apa, R. (2018) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-018-0891-3 · Cited by 14
Tarantino, G., Barrea, L., Capone, D., Citro, V., Mosca, T., & Savastano, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00203 · Cited by 13
Safarpour, P., Vafa, M., Amiri, F., Janani, L., Noorbakhsh, M., Nikoo, E. R., & Sadeghi, H. (2018) · Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · doi:10.14196/mjiri.32.34 · Cited by 13
Bicer, M., Alan, M., Alarslan, P., Guler, A., Kocabaş, G. Ü., İmamoğlu, Ç., Akşit, M., Bozkaya, G., Isil, A. M., Baloğlu, A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-018-0917-x · Cited by 13
Sandoval, K. E., Wooten, J. S., Harris, M. P., Schaller, M. L., Umbaugh, D. S., & WITT, K. A. (2018) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzy065 · Cited by 13
Gala, T. D. L. H., Herder, C., Rutters, F., Carstensen‐Kirberg, M., Huth, C., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Nijpels, G., Schalkwijk, C. G., Flyvbjerg, A., Franks, P. W., et al. (2018) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3063 · Cited by 13
Júnior, W. S. D. S., de Souza, M. D. G. C., Neto, J. F. N., et al. (2018) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2018.07.005 · Cited by 13
van der Sande, N. G. C., Blankestijn, P. J., Visseren, F. L. J., Beeftink, M. M. A., Voskuil, M., Westerink, J., Bots, M. L., & Spiering, W. (2018) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001885 · Cited by 13
Randomised study of children with obesity showed that whole body vibration reduced sclerostin
Tubić, B., Zeijlon, R., Wennergren, G., et al. (2018) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.14531 · Cited by 13
Li, F.-F., Zhang, Y., Zhang, W., Liu, X., Chen, M.-Y., Sun, Y., Su, X., Wu, J.-D., Ye, L., & Ma, J. (2018) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-018-0492-3 · Cited by 14
Mills, V., Plows, J. F., Zhao, H., Oyston, C., Vickers, M. H., Baker, P. N., & Stanley, J. L. (2018) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.09.023 · Cited by 13
Bastarrachea, R. A., Laviada‐Molina, H., Nava‐González, E. J., Leal‐Berumen, I., Escudero‐Lourdes, C., Escalante-Araiza, F., Peschard, V.-G., Veloz-Garza, R. A., Haack, K., Martínez-Hernández, A. G., et al. (2018) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes9110532 · Cited by 13
Therapeutic and preventive effects of exercise on cardiometabolic parameters in aging and obese rats
Coqueiro, R. D. S., Soares, T. D. J., Pereira, R., Correia, T. M. L., Coqueiro, D. S. O., Oliveira, M. V., Marques, L. M., de Sá, C. K. C., & de Magalhães, A. C. M. (2018) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.10.003 · Cited by 13
Çalan, M., Arkan, T., Küme, T., & Bayraktar, F. (2018) · HORMONES · doi:10.1007/s42000-018-0084-7 · Cited by 12
Kosteria, I., Tsangaris, G. T., Gkourogianni, A., Anagnostopoulos, A. K., Papadopoulou, A., Papassotiriou, I., Loutradis, D., Chrousos, G. P., & Kanaka‐Gantenbein, C. (2017) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/js.2016-1052 · Cited by 13
Kim, M.-H., Chang, Y., Jung, H. S., Shin, H. C., & Ryu, S. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8010034 · Cited by 13
Kempe-Teufel, D. S., Machicao, F. E., Machann, J., Böhm, A., Schick, F., Fritsche, A., Stefan, N., de Angelis, M. H., Häring, H., & Staiger, H. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02042 · Cited by 12
Khoshdel, A., & Eshtiaghi, R. (2019) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2018.0090 · Cited by 13
Adiponectin is associated with cardio-metabolic traits in Mexican children
He, J., Stryjecki, C., Reddon, H., Peralta‐Romero, J., Karam-Araujo, R., Suarez, F., Gómez-Zamudio, J. H., Burguete-García, A. I., Alyass, A., Cruz, M., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39801-2 · Cited by 13
Lee, J.-E., Oh, T. J., Moon, J. H., Park, K. S., Jang, H. C., & Choi, S. H. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00043 · Cited by 14
Individuals With Prediabetes Display Different Age-Related Pathophysiological Characteristics
Fiorentino, T. V., Pedace, E., Succurro, E., Andreozzi, F., Perticone, M., Sciacqua, A., Perticone, F., & Sesti, G. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02610 · Cited by 13
Benedetti, S., Al‐Tannak, N. F., Alzharani, M. A., Moir, H. J., Stensel, D. J., Thackray, A. E., Naughton, D. P., Dorak, M. T., Spendiff, O., Hill, N. J., et al. (2019) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo9040071 · Cited by 12
Could serum levels of irisin be used in gestational diabetes predicting?
Kulhan, N. G., Külhan, M., Türkler, C., et al. (2019) · Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.tjog.2019.01.027 · Cited by 13
Cinco, E. D. C. R., Ruiz‐Madrigal, B., Domı́nguez-Rosales, J. A., et al. (2019) · PubMed · doi:10.22038/ijbms.2019.34571.8206 · Cited by 13
Refractory Helicobacter pylori gastritis: The hidden predictors of resistance
Hanafy, A. S., & Seleem, W. M. (2019) · Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance · doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2019.05.015 · Cited by 13
Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Risk of Cellulitis: A Cohort Study
Cheong, H. S., Chang, Y., Joo, E., Cho, A., & Ryu, S. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8070953 · Cited by 15
Borer, K. T., Zheng, Q., Jafari, A., Javadi, S., & Kernozek, T. W. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11071494 · Cited by 13
Hibi, M., Hari, S., Yamaguchi, T. F., Mitsui, Y., Kondo, S., & Katashima, M. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11092126 · Cited by 17
Li, G., Wang, H., & Chen, H. (2019) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.1080/10641963.2019.1676769 · Cited by 13
Wu, T., Chiu, C.-C., Goh, K. K., Chen, P., Huang, M., Chen, C.-H., & Lu, M.-L. (2019) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881119885260 · Cited by 13
Rosa, D. E., Marot, L. P., de Mello, M. T., Narciso, F. V., Gonçalves, B. D. S. B., Marqueze, E. C., & Crispim, C. A. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55114-w · Cited by 13
Sports participation improves metabolic profile in adolescents: ABCD growth study
Cayres, S. U., Urban, J. B., Barbosa, M. F., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23387 · Cited by 13
Circulating Irisin and esRAGE as Early Biomarkers of Decline of Metabolic Health
Dozio, E., Vianello, E., Sitzia, C., Ambrogi, F., Benedini, S., Gorini, S., Rampoldi, B., Rigolini, R., Tacchini, L., & Romanelli, M. M. C. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9020454 · Cited by 13
Marquini, G. V., Pinheiro, F. E. D. S., Vieira, A. U. D. C., et al. (2020) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2020.110790 · Cited by 13
Hudson, J., Zhou, J., Kim, J. E., & Campbell, W. W. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12030851 · Cited by 19
Hypoxic exposure can improve blood glycemic control in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Park, Y., Jang, I., Park, H., Kim, J., & Lim, K. (2020) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/pan.2020.0004 · Cited by 13
Cathepsin gene expression in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese/overweight humans
Xu, Q., Mariman, E. C. M., Goossens, G. H., Blaak, E. E., & Jocken, J. W. E. (2020) · Adipocyte · doi:10.1080/21623945.2020.1775035 · Cited by 13
Livadas, S., Μacut, D., Bothou, C., Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, J., Vryonidou, A., Bjekić-Macut, J., Mouslech, Z., Milewicz, A., & Panidis, D. (2020) · HORMONES · doi:10.1007/s42000-020-00211-z · Cited by 14
Analysis of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway Factors in OCP Treated PCOS Women
Manzoor, S., Ganie, M. A., Majid, S., Shabir, I., Kawa, I. A., Fatima, Q., Jeelani, H., Yousuf, S. D., & Rashid, F. (2020) · Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s12291-020-00901-w · Cited by 13
Carmona‐Maurici, J., Cuello, E., Ricart-Jané, D., Miñarro, A., Baena‐Fustegueras, J. A., Peinado‐Onsurbe, J., & Pardina, E. (2020) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2020.07.036 · Cited by 13
Barbosa, M. A., Barbosa, C. M., Lima, T. C., Santos, R. A. S., & Alzamora, A. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.01263 · Cited by 13
Lier, L. M., Breuer, C., Ferrari, N., Friesen, D., Maisonave, F., Schmidt, N., & Graf, C. (2020) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.012 · Cited by 13
Idılman, R., Karatayli, S. C., Kabacam, G., Savas, B., Elhan, A. H., & Bozdayi, A. M. (2020) · Hepatology forum/Hepatology forum (Online) · doi:10.14744/hf.2020.2020.0023 · Cited by 13
Cho, A., Choi, W., Kwon, Y., Lee, H. S., Ahn, S. G., & Lee, J. (2020) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s269237 · Cited by 16
Petersen, K. S., Sullivan, V. K., Fulgoni, V. L. I., Eren, F., Cassens, M. E., Bunczek, M. T., & Kris‐Etherton, P. M. (2020) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzaa149 · Cited by 13
Physiological Network From Anthropometric and Blood Test Biomarkers
Barajas‐Martínez, A., Ibarra‐Coronado, E., Sierra-Vargas, M. P., Cruz‐Bautista, I., Almeda‐Valdés, P., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Fossión, R., Stephens, C. R., Vargas-Domínguez, C., Aztatzi-Aguilar, O. G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.612598 · Cited by 13
Yari, Z., Naser-Nakhaee, Z., Karimi‐Shahrbabak, E., Cheraghpour, M., Hedayati, M., Mohaghegh, S. M., Ommi, S., & Hekmatdoost, A. (2021) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-020-00619-y · Cited by 13
Huang, G. T.-W., Pencina, K. M., Li, Z., Apovian, C. M., Travison, T. G., Storer, T. W., Gagliano‐Jucá, T., Basaria, S. S., & Bhasin, S. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glab007 · Cited by 17
Influence of Habitual Dairy Food Intake on LDL Cholesterol in a Population-Based Cohort
Buscemi, S., Corleo, D., Buscemi, C., Randazzo, C., Borzì, A. M., Barile, A. M., Rosafio, G., Ciaccio, M., Caldarella, R., Meli, F., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020593 · Cited by 13
Bittel, D. C., Bittel, A. J., Varadhachary, A. S., Pietka, T., & Sinacore, D. R. (2021) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db20-0688 · Cited by 12
Gao, F., Zheng, K. I., Chen, S., Lee, D. H., Wu, X.-X., Wang, X.-D., Targher, G., Byrne, C. D., Chen, Y.-P., Kim, W. K., et al. (2021) · Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000321 · Cited by 15
Jacques, S., Arjomand, A., Perée, H., Collins, P., Mayer, A., Lavergne, A., Wéry, M., Mni, M., Hego, A., Thuillier, V., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85089-6 · Cited by 14
Perticone, M., Maio, R., Scarpino, P. E., Mancuso, L., Volpentesta, M., Caroleo, B., Suraci, E., Sciacqua, A., Sesti, G., & Perticone, F. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.642086 · Cited by 13
Maleky, W. E., Mahfoz, A. M., Osman, A. O., et al. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111474 · Cited by 13
Is there a role for neuregulin 4 in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
Munck, T. J. I. D., Boesch, M., Verhaegh, P. L. M., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251822 · Cited by 13
Akkız, H., Taşkın, E., Karaoğullarından, Ü., et al. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000025893 · Cited by 13
Sala, L. L., Tagliabue, E., Vieira, E. C., Pontiroli, A. E., & Folli, F. B. (2021) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-021-01310-w · Cited by 14
Evaluation of IGF-1 as a novel theranostic biomarker for schizophrenia
Yeşilkaya, Ü. H., Gıca, Ş., İlnem, M. C., Sen, M., & İpekçioğlu, D. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.078 · Cited by 13
Wu, T., Lin, C., Goh, K. K., Chen, C. Y.-A., Chen, C.-H., Lane, H., & Lu, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.718800 · Cited by 14
Ojetola, A. A., Adeyemi, W. J., David, U. E., Ajibade, T. O., Adejumobi, O. A., Omóbòwálé, T. O., Oyagbemi, A. A., & Fasanmade, A. A. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112017 · Cited by 13
Schinzari, F., Vizioli, G., Campia, U., Tesauro, M., & Cardillo, C. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9081037 · Cited by 13
Dietary glycemic load and its association with glucose metabolism and lipid profile in young adults
Fernandes, A. C., Marinho, A., Lopes, C. M. M., & Ramos, E. (2021) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.10.001 · Cited by 13
Ho, Y., & Ranasinghe, P. D. (2022) · Obesity Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2022.100399 · Cited by 14
Fatty Liver as Potential Biomarker of Atherosclerotic Damage in Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
Mandraffino, G., Morace, C., Franzè, M. S., Nassisi, V., Sinicropi, D., Cinquegrani, M., Saitta, C., Scoglio, R., Marino, S., Belvedere, A., et al. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10081770 · Cited by 13
Chen, G., Liu, C., Chen, F., Yao, J. Y., Jiang, Q., Chen, N., Huang, H., Liang, J., Li, L., & Li, L. (2011) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02653.x · Cited by 13
Liu, J., Park, Y., Berkowitz, S. A., Hu, Q., Han, K., Ortaglia, A., McKeown, R. E., & Liese, A. D. (2015) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.06.003 · Cited by 14
Normal ranges of non-fasting triglycerides in healthy Dutch males and females
VANWIJK, J., VANOOSTROM, A., & Castro-Cabezas, M. (2003) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cccn.2003.07.014 · Cited by 13
Türkmen, K., Tufan, F., Alpay, N., et al. (2010) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02404.x · Cited by 13
Motawi, T. K., Shaker, O. G., El‐Sawalhi, M. M., & Abdel-Nasser, Z. M. (2014) · Genome · doi:10.1139/gen-2014-0022 · Cited by 13
Siviero‐Miachon, A. A., Spinola‐Castro, A. M., Lee, M. L. D. M., et al. (2015) · Vascular Health and Risk Management · doi:10.2147/vhrm.s86883 · Cited by 13
Magge, S. N., Stettler, N., Jawad, A. F., & Katz, L. E. L. (2008) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.09.055 · Cited by 13
Ethnicity and Weight Status Affect the Accuracy of Proxy Indices of Insulin Sensitivit
Alvarez, J. A., Bush, N. C., Hunter, G. R., Brock, D. W., & Gower, B. A. (2008) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2008.437 · Cited by 13
Ryu, H. K., Yu, S., Park, J. S., Choi, Y. J., Huh, K. B., Park, J. E., Hwang, J., & Kim, W. Y. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2010.10719831 · Cited by 13
Sjögren, P., Basta, G., Caterina, R. D., Rosell, M., Basu, S., Silveira, A. M. V., Fairé, U. D., Vessby, B. O., Hamsten, A., Hellénius, M.-L., et al. (2007) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.06.003 · Cited by 13
Gundgurthi, A., Garg, M. K., Nair, V., Pakhetra, R., Das, S., Sharma, S., Dutta, M. K., Kharb, S., & Kapoor, R. (2013) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.117248 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Matthews, D. R., Hosker, J. P., Rudenski, A. S., Naylor, B. A., Treacher, D. F., & Turner, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- ORCID
- Matthews, D. R.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 1985-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 412-419
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2160234571
- Cited by
- 31,502
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 933 · 2025: 1060 · 2024: 1240 · 2023: 1291 · 2022: 1489 · 2021: 1528 · 2020: 1424 · 2019: 1427 · 2018: 1456 · 2017: 1440 · 2016: 1481 · 2015: 1682 · 2014: 1693 · 2013: 1621 · 2012: 1518
- FWCI
- 7.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- HOMA, insulin resistance, beta-cell function, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, hyperglycaemic clamp, euglycaemic clamp, intravenous glucose tolerance test, insulin receptor binding, type 2 diabetes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Computers, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Erythrocytes, Fasting, Homeostasis, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Islets of Langerhans, Middle Aged, Monocytes, Receptor, Insulin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-14, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-14 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
