Generic versus specific inclusion of women in language: Effects on recall
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Gendered word choices have been shown to influence comprehension, memory, and attitudes toward women.
“Gendered word choices have been shown to influence comprehension, memory (Crawford & English, 1984; Harrison, 1975), and attitudes toward women (Crawford, Stark & Renner, 1998; Dion, 1987; Dion & Cota, 1991).”
From Definitions of Gender and Sex: The Subtleties of Meaning (2000) · cites this paper as Crawford & English, 1984
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Definitions of Gender and Sex: The Subtleties of Meaning
Pryzgoda, J., & Chrisler, J. C. (2000) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1023/a:1007123617636 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Gender representation in Japanese EFL textbooks–a corpus study
Lee, J. F. K. (2018) · Gender and Education · doi:10.1080/09540253.2016.1214690 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Construction of gender: A comparison of Australian and Hong Kong English language textbooks
Lee, J. F. K., & Collins, P. (2010) · Journal of Gender Studies · doi:10.1080/09589231003695856 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Gender representation in Hong Kong primary school ELT textbooks – a comparative study
Lee, J. F. K. (2014) · Gender and Education · doi:10.1080/09540253.2014.916400 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
In the pursuit of a gender-equal society: Do Japanese EFL textbooks play a role?
Lee, J. F. K. (2019) · Journal of Gender Studies · doi:10.1080/09589236.2018.1423956 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
- Authors
- Crawford, M., & English, L.
- Affiliations
- West Chester University (US)
- ORCID
- Crawford, Mary
- Venue
- Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
- Published
- 1984-09
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 373-381
- ISSN
- 0090-6905 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6555
- OpenAlex
- W2057492477
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Psycholinguistic Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies in Language
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- generic he, gender-inclusive language, memory retrieval, perceived relevance, reader interpretation, gender bias in language
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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