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Using Phantom and Imaginary Latent Variables to Parameterize Constraints in Linear Structural Models
Abstract
The most widely-used computer programs for structural equation models analysis are the LISREL series of Jöreskog and Sörbom. The only types of constraints which may be made directly are fixing parameters at a constant value and constraining parameters to be equal. Rindskopf (1983) showed how these simple properties could be used to represent models with more complicated constraints, namely inequality constraints on unique variances. In this paper, two new concepts are introduced which enable a much wider variety of constraints to be made. The concepts, “phantom” and “imaginary” latent variables, allow fairly general equality and inequality constraints on factor loadings and structural model coefficients.
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Cited by
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Estimation of composite reliability for congeneric measures
Raykov, T. (1997) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/01466216970212006 · Cited by 1,775
Cheung, M. W.-L. (2014) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0032968 · Cited by 1,342
Generalized Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling
Rabe-Hesketh, S., Skrondal, A., & Pickles, A. (2004) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02295939 · Cited by 831
Assessing Mediation in Dyadic Data Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
Ledermann, T., Macho, S., & Kenny, D. A. (2011) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2011.607099 · Cited by 709
Metadata
- Authors
- Rindskopf, D.
- Venue
- Psychometrika
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1984-03
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-47
- ISSN
- 0033-3123 (ISSN-L)
- 1860-0980
- OpenAlex
- W2042301765
- Cited by
- 233
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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