A practical approach to estimate resting energy expenditure in frail elderly people
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Some prediction equations of resting energy expenditure (REE) are available and can be used in clinical wards to determine energy requirements of patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of those equations in sick elderly patients, using the Bland and Altman methods with our database of 187 REE measurements. DESIGN: The 3 equations tested were Harris and Benedict equation of 1919, WHO/FAO/UNU equation of 1985 and Fredrix et al. equation of 1990. In addition, three models developed from the present data were tested. RESULTS: The present study shows that the Fredrix et al equation gave an accurate prediction of REE without significant bias along the whole range of REE. It also shows that under-weight sick elderly patients (BMI <or= 21 kg/m(2)) had a greater weight-adjusted REE than their normal weight counterparts. CONCLUSION: A simple formula using a factor multiplying body weight, i.e. 22 kcal/kg/d in under-weight and 19 kcal/kg/d in normal weight sick elderly was accurate to predicting REE and bias was not influenced by the level of REE. This model included half of the group in the range of +/- 10% of the difference between predicted REE and measured REE, but the confidence interval of the bias was +/- 400 kcal/d. Conversely, the Harris and Benedict and WHO formulae did accurately predict REE.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In healthy and sick elderly persons, measurements of resting energy expenditure resulted in about 20 kcal/kg body weight and day.
“In healthy and sick elderly persons, measurements of REE resulted in about 20 kcal/kg body weight (BW) and day (14)(15)(16).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The Results (Predicted resting energy expenditure; page unavailable) report measured weight-adjusted REE close to 20 kcal/kg/day in the study’s sick elderly patients: 19.1 in normal-weight patients and 22.4 in underweight patients. The paper does not establish that figure for healthy elderly people, so the claim extends beyond the population studied. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965 · see citing works
The Harris Benedict equation reevaluated: resting energy requirements and the body cell mass
Roza, A. M., & Shizgal, H. M. (1984) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/40.1.168 · Cited by 824 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 14
- [1]Ritz P Factors affecting energy and macronutrient requirements in elderly people Public Health Nutr. 4 2B 2001 561 568 10.1079/PHN2001141 PubMed PMID: 11683550 11683550 · DOI
- [2]Harris JA Benedict FG A biometric study of basal metabolism 1919 Carnegie Bulletin of Washington Washington DC
- [3]Fredrix EW Soeters PB Deerenberg IM Kester AD von Meyenfeldt MF Saris WH Resting and sleeping energy expenditure in the elderly Eur J Clin Nutr 44 10 1990 741 747 PubMed PMID: 2269253 2269253
- [4]WHO. 1985. Energy and protein requirements: Report of a joint FAO/WHO/UNU expert consultation. WHO Technical Report Series No. 724. 3937340
- [5]Schofield WN, Schofield C & James WPT (1985): Basal metabolic rate review and prediction, together with an annotated bibliography of source material. Hum. Nutr. Clin. Nutr. 39C (Suppl I). 3900006
- [6]Elia M Insights into energy requirements in disease Public Health Nutr. 8 7A 2005 1037 1052 10.1079/PHN2005795 PubMed PMID: 16277819 16277819 · DOI
- [7]Dambach B Salle A Marteau C Mouzet JB Ghali A Favreau AM Berrut G Ritz P Energy requirements are not greater in elderly patients suffering from pressure ulcers J Am Geriatr Soc. 53 3 2005 478 482 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53168.x PubMed PMID: 15743293 15743293 · DOI
- [8]Tang NL Chung ML Elia M Hui E Lum CM Luk JK Jones MG Woo J Total daily energy expenditure in wasted chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients Eur J Clin Nutr. 56 4 2002 282 287 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601299 PubMed PMID: 11965503 11965503 · DOI
- [9]Obisesan TO Toth MJ Poehlman ET Prediction of resting energy needs in older men with heart failure Eur J Clin Nutr 51 10 1997 678 681 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600462 PubMed PMID: 9347288 9347288 · DOI
- [10]Wallace JI Schwartz RS LaCroix AZ Uhlmann RF Pearlman RA Involuntary weight loss in older outpatients: incidence and clinical significance J Am Geriatr Soc. 43 4 1995 329 337 PubMed PMID: 7706619 7706619
- [12]Chumlea WC Guo SS Wholihan K Cockram D Kuczmarski RJ Johnson CL Stature prediction equations for elderly non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Mexican-American persons developed from NHANES III data J Am Diet Assoc. 98 2 1998 137 142 10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00036-4 PubMed PMID: 12515412 12515412 · DOI
- [13]Ritz P Validity of measuring knee-height as an estimate of height in diseased French elderly persons J Nutr Health Aging. 8 5 2004 386 388 PubMed PMID: 15359357 15359357
- [15]Campillo B Bories PN Devanlay M Pornin B Le Parco JC Gaye-Bareyt E Fouet P Aging, energy expenditure and nutritional status: evidence for denutrition-related hypermetabolism Ann Nutr Metab. 36 5–6 1992 265 272 10.1159/000177728 PubMed PMID: 1492752 1492752 · DOI
- [16]Ahmad A Duerksen DR Munroe S Bistrian BR An evaluation of resting energy expenditure in hospitalized, severely underweight patients Nutrition 15 5 1999 384 388 10.1016/S0899-9007(99)00068-4 PubMed PMID: 10355852 10355852 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics
Volkert, D., Beck, A. M., Cederholm, T., Cruz-Jentoft, A., Hooper, L., Kiesswetter, E., Maggio, M., Raynaud-Simon, A., Sieber, C., Sobotka, L., et al. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.024 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Nutrition and protein energy homeostasis in elderly
Boirie, Y., Morio, B., Caumon, E., & Cano, N. J. (2014) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2014.01.008 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gaillard, C., Alix, E., Salle, A., Berrut, G., & Ritz, P.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (FR)
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Ritz, P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of nutrition, health and aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 277-280
- ISSN
- 1279-7707 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12892598
- OpenAlex
- W1981318918
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The journal of nutrition health & aging (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- resting energy expenditure, frail elderly, energy requirements, prediction equations, Harris-Benedict equation, underweight, body weight, energy demand estimation, prediction accuracy
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Basal Metabolism, Calorimetry, Indirect, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Mathematics, Nutritional Status, Predictive Value of Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Geriatric Assessment, Frail Elderly
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
