The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Early mortality in EURODIAB population-based cohorts of type 1 diabetes diagnosed in childhood since 1989
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis The aims of this study were to provide a contemporary picture of mortality and causes of death in Europe following a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes made before the 15th birthday, and to examine excess mortality by country for possible links to incidence level or national prosperity.Methods Thirteen population-based EURODIAB registers in 12 countries followed-up 28,887 children diagnosed since 1989, either by record linkage to population registers or through contact with doctors providing care.Results There were 141 deaths in the cohort during 219,061 person-years of follow-up compared with 69.1 deaths expected from national mortality rates, a standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of 2.0 (95% CI 1.7-2.4). The SMR varied from 0 to 4.7 between countries, but showed little relationship with the country's incidence rate or gross domestic product (US$ per capita). The SMR did not change significantly with attained age, calendar period or time since diagnosis. The female SMR (2.7; 95% CI 2.0-3.5) was greater than the male SMR (1.8; 95% CI 1.4-2.2), although absolute numbers of excess deaths were similar in the two sexes. One-third of deaths were classified as directly attributable to diabetes (many with mention of ketoacidosis) and half were unrelated to diabetes. There was a non-significant excess of accidental/violent deaths (48 observed vs 40.7 expected; SMR 1.2; 95% CI 0.9-1.6) but little excess in suicides (11 observed, 10.2 expected; SMR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-1.9).Conclusions/interpretation Before the onset of late complications, significant excess mortality existed following the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in childhood, even in recent years. Variation between countries in this excess could not be explained.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and accounts for 13–19% of type 1 diabetes-related mortality.105,110,111”
From Type 1 diabetes (2018) · cites this paper as [111]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and are associated with 4–10% of type 1 diabetes-related deaths.110–112”
From Type 1 diabetes (2018) · cites this paper as [111]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“four recent reports of mortality rates in series of patients indicate that 4% (27), 6% (28), 7% (29), and 10% (30) of deaths of patients with type 1 diabetes were caused by hypoglycemia.”
From Hypoglycemia and Diabetes: A Report of a Workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and The Endocrine Society (2013) · cites this paper as [27]
In the citing paper
“Despite abundant data on the importance of control of blood pressure and dyslipidemia, adequate control of these vascular disease risk factors is frequently not achieved121,122.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [122]
In the citing paper
“In addition to case reports of hypoglycemic deaths in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, four recent reports of mortality rates in series of patients indicate that 4% (27), 6% (28), 7% (29), and 10% (30) of deaths of patients with type 1 diabetes were caused by hypoglycemia.”
From Hypoglycemia and Diabetes: A Report of a Workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and The Endocrine Society (2013) · cites this paper as [27]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Incidence of childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB ACE Study
Green, A., Gale, E. A. M., & Patterson, C. C. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)90938-y · Cited by 407
Self-citationTrends in the incidence of childhood-onset diabetes in Europe 1989–1998
Green, A., Patterson, C. C., & on behalf of the EURODIAB TIGER Study Group (2001) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/pl00002950 · Cited by 372
Self-citationThe Analysis of Mortality by the Subject-Years Method
Berry, G. (1983) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530817 · Cited by 280
Patterson, C. C., Dahlquist, G. G., Soltész, G., Green, A., & on behalf of the EURODIAB ACE Study Group (2001) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/pl00002961 · Cited by 177
Self-citationType 2 diabetes in Asian Indian youth
Mohan, V., Jaydip, R., & Deepa, R. (2007) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00328.x · Cited by 131
Wolfsdorf, J. I., Craig, M. E., Daneman, D., Dunger, D. B., Edge, J., Lee, W. W., Rosenbloom, A. L., Sperling, M. A., & Hanås, R. (2007) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00224.x · Cited by 126
Type 1 diabetes in the young: the harvest of sorrow goes on
Gale, E. A. M. (2005) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-005-1833-0 · Cited by 85
Podar, T., Solntsev, A., Reunanen, A., Urbonaitė, B., Zalinkevicius, R., Karvonen, M., Laporte, R. E., & Tuomilehto, J. (2000) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.23.3.290 · Cited by 56
Self-citationDERI Mortality Study Group (1995) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117683 · Cited by 56
Barinas, Kitagawa, & Tuomilehto (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 22
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DiMeglio, L. A., Evans-Molina, C., & Oram, R. A. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31320-5 · Cited by 1,561
Seaquist, E. R., Anderson, J., Childs, B., Cryer, P., Dagogo-Jack, S., Fish, L., Heller, S. R., Rodriguez, H., Rosenzweig, J., & Vigersky, R. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-2480 · Cited by 1,389
“In addition to case reports of hypoglycemic deaths in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, four recent reports of mortality rates in series of patients indicate that 4% (27), 6% (28), 7% (29), and 10% (30) of deaths of patients with type 1 diabetes were caused by hypoglycemia.”
BackgroundEpidemiology of type 1 diabetes
Maahs, D. M., West, N. A., Lawrence, J. M., & Mayer-Davis, E. J. (2010) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2010.05.011 · Cited by 1,092
Seaquist, E. R., Anderson, J., Childs, B., Cryer, P., Dagogo-Jack, S., Fish, L., Heller, S. R., Rodriguez, H., Rosenzweig, J., & Vigersky, R. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-4127 · Cited by 412
Patterson, C. C., Guariguata, L., Dahlquist, G. G., Soltész, G., Ogle, G. D., & Silink, M. (2013) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.005 · Cited by 398
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Patterson, C. C., Dahlquist, G., Harjutsalo, V., Joner, G., Feltbower, R. G., Svensson, J., Schober, E., Gyürüs, E., Castell, C., Urbonaité, B., Rosenbauer, J., Iotova, V., Thorsson, A. V., & Soltész, G.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Umeå University (SE)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Glostrup Hospital (DK)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Departament de Salut (ES)
- Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum e.V. (DE)
- Medical University of Varna (BG)
- University of Pecs (HU)
- Corresponding author
- Patterson, C. C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2007-09-28
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2439-2442
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2061608615
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universität Wien
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Medizinische Universität Wien
- Socialstyrelsen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, childhood-onset diabetes, excess mortality, causes of death, standardized mortality ratio, sex differences in mortality, suicide, diabetic ketoacidosis, gross domestic product
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cause of Death, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Europe, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Registries, Cohort Studies, Age of Onset
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
