Effects of Sulfamethoxazole Exposure on the Growth, Antioxidant System of Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) is a kind of sulfonamides antibiotic, which is widely used in human life. This study investigated the effects of SMZ on physiological and biochemical indexes of Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) and Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) for 35-day. The results showed that SMZ inhibited the growth and Chl-a content of C. vulgaris and M. aeruginosa, and growth inhibition rate was 8.06%-95.86%, Chl-a content decreased 2.44%-98.04%. SMZ resulting in increased SOD and CAT activity and destroyed the dynamic balance of antioxidant system. In addition, SMZ increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in algae, destroyed the cell membrane to a certain extent, which was 1.8-7.3 folds higher than the control group. High concentration of SMZ can make algae cells exceed the limit of cell antioxidant capacity. Coupled with the serious damage of cell membrane, algae cells begin to appear a large number of death phenomenon.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
At high concentrations, ERY induces breakdown and disintegration of cell structures, leading to zero or negative growth.
“This concentration induces the breakdown and disintegration of cell structures, propelling the cells into a state of zero or negative growth, in line with the propositions of (Dong et al. 2020).”
From Integrated morpho-physiological and biochemical description of the mechanisms leading stress responses in cyanobacteria (Arthrospira platensis) upon exposure to Erythromycin (2025) · cites this paper as Dong et al. 2020
Cites
Michael, I., Rizzo, L., McArdell, C. S., Manaia, C. M., Merlin, C., Schwartz, T., Dagot, C., & Fatta‐Kassinos, D. (2012) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2012.11.027 · Cited by 2,025 · see citing works
Biodegradation and Adsorption of Antibiotics in the Activated Sludge Process
Li, B. J., & Zhang, T. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es903490h · Cited by 961 · see citing works
González-Pleiter, M., Gonzalo, S., Rodea‐Palomares, I., Leganés, F., Rosal, R., Boltes, K., Marco, E., & Fernández‐Piñas, F. (2013) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.020 · Cited by 786 · see citing works
Singh, R. P., Singh, A. P., Kumar, S., Giri, B. S., & Kim, K. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.243 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Al‐Ahmad, A., Daschner, F. D., & Kümmerer, K. (1999) · Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s002449900501 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Antioxidant capacities of phlorotannins extracted from the brown algae Fucus vesiculosus
Wang, T., Jónsdóttir, R., Liu, H., Gu, L., Kristinsson, H. G., Raghavan, S., & Ólafsdóttir, G. (2012) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf3003653 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Xu, Y., Guo, C., Luo, Y., et al. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.054 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Gregor, J., & Maršálek, B. (2003) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.033 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Hong, Y., Hu, H., Xie, X., Sakoda, A., Sagehashi, M., & Li, F. (2008) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.11.014 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Wan, J., Guo, P., Peng, X., & Wen, K. (2014) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.026 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Zhou, Y., & Luo, Z. (2019) · Advances in Difference Equations · doi:10.1186/s13662-018-1939-6 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Effects of streptomycin on growth of algae Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa
Qian, H., Li, J., Pan, X., Sun, Z., Ye, C., Jin, G., & Fu, Z. (2010) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.20636 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Shao, J., Wu, Z., Yu, G., Peng, X., & Li, R. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.021 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Chen, X., Cao, X., Lin, H., & Wang, J. (2017) · Ecotoxicology · doi:10.1007/s10646-017-1814-3 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Antioxidant responses and degradation of two antibiotic contaminants in Microcystis aeruginosa
Liu, Y., Guan, Y., Gao, B., & Yue, Q. (2012) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.004 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Aquatic toxicity of four veterinary drugs commonly applied in fish farming and animal husbandry
Kołodziejska, M., Dołżonek, J., Białk‐Bielińska, A., et al. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.057 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Estévez, M., Padilla, P., de Carvalho, L. M., et al. (2019) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2019.101277 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Phytoplankton toxicity of the antibiotic chlortetracycline and its UV light degradation products
Guo, R., & Chen, J. Q. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.031 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Chen, L., Xie, M., Bi, Y., Wang, G., Deng, S., & Liu, Y. (2012) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.03.007 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Backer, J. D., Razzokov, J., Hammerschmid, D., et al. (2018) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.019 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Modeling the effects of light sources on the growth of algae
Satthong, S., Saego, K., Kitrungloadjanaporn, P., Nuttavut, N., Amornsamankul, S., & Triampo, W. (2019) · Advances in Difference Equations · doi:10.1186/s13662-019-2112-6 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Sahu, G. K., & Sabat, S. C. (2011) · Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology · doi:10.1590/s1677-04202011000300005 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Sáenz, M. E., Marzio, W. D. D., & Alberdi, J. L. (2012) · Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.07.001 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Community dynamics and function of algae and bacteria during winter in central European great lakes
Bullerjahn, G. S., McKay, R. M. L., Bernát, G., Prášil, O., Vörös, L., Pálffy, K., Tugyi, N., & Somogyi, B. (2019) · Journal of Great Lakes Research · doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2019.07.002 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Antioxidant capacity of the algae using a biosensor method
Campanella, L., Martini, E., & TOMASSETTI, M. (2005) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2004.12.052 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Bishop, D. G., Bain, J. M., & Smillie, R. M. (1973) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/24.2.361 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
MONMEESIL, P., Fungfuang, W., Tulayakul, P., et al. (2019) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Science · doi:10.1292/jvms.18-0690 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Bellec, L., Grimsley, N. H., & Desdevises, Y. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01799-09 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Effects of manufactured-sand on dry shrinkage and creep of high-strength concrete
Zhou, M., Wang, J., Zhu, L., et al. (2008) · Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed · doi:10.1007/s11595-006-2249-5 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Wang, Z., Chen, S., & Cao, X. Z. (2010) · International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516174 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Toward Better Understanding of Management
Regier, H. A. (1983) · Journal of Great Lakes Research · doi:10.1016/s0380-1330(83)71864-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Song, L., Zhang, Q., Zheng, L., et al. (2014) · Algological Studies · doi:10.1127/1864-1318/2014/0163 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Light-induced absorbance changes of carotenoids in brown algae
Nakayama, K., Abe, K., & Okada, M. (1983) · Journal of Plant Research · doi:10.1007/bf02489572 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effect of Bensulfuron-Methyl on Growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Yue, Y., Xia-li, Yu, et al. (2007) · Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sensitivity of Several Marine Microalga to Antibiotics
Tang, X. (2007) · Journal of Wuhan University · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Touzout, N., Ainas, M., Alloti, R., Boussahoua, C., Douma, A., Hassein-Bey, A. H., Brara, Z., Tahraoui, H., Zhang, J., & Amrane, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/j.fbl2810264 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Ainas, M., Touzout, N., Tahraoui, H., Mokeddem, H. E., Moussa, H., Kherbouche, S., Mebrouk, S., Zhang, J., & Amrane, A. (2025) · Ecotoxicology · doi:10.1007/s10646-025-02888-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The equation outlined by Dong et al. (2020) was employed for this analysis: where C is the absorbance (OD = 618 nm) of the control group, T is the absorbance (OD = 618 nm) of the experimental group, and IR is the growth inhibition rate (%).”
- Authors
- Dong, X., Sun, S., Jia, R., Xu, L., Hou, W., Lu, N., Wang, M., Zhao, Q., & Hou, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Jinan (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Shaohua
- Venue
- Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
- Published
- 2020-08-01
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 358-365
- ISSN
- 0007-4861 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0800
- OpenAlex
- W3046486725
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 0.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- The Shandong Province National Science Foundation (ZR2017MC047)
- The Critical Patented Projects in the Control and Management of National Polluted Water Bodies (2017ZX07502003-06)
- The Special Project of Taishan Scholar Construction Engineering (ts201712084)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Keywords
- sulfamethoxazole, Chlorella vulgaris, Microcystis aeruginosa, algal growth inhibition, chlorophyll a, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation, cell membrane damage, algal cell death
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antioxidants, Malondialdehyde, Sulfamethoxazole, Microcystis, Chlorella vulgaris
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
