The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist: evaluation of a new screening tool
Abstract
Objective Delirium in the intensive care unit is poorly defined. Clinical evaluation is difficult in the setting of unstable, often intubated patients. A screening tool may improve the detection of delirium.Method We created a screening checklist of eight items based on DSM criteria and features of delirium: altered level of consciousness, inattention, disorientation, hallucination or delusion, psychomotor agitation or retardation, inappropriate mood or speech, sleep/wake cycle disturbance, and symptom fluctuation. During 3 months, all patients admitted to a busy medical/surgical intensive care unit were evaluated, and the scale score was compared to a psychiatric evaluation.Results In 93 patients studied, 15 developed delirium. Fourteen (93%) of them had a score of 4 points or more. This score was also present in 15 (19%) of patients without delirium, 14 of whom had a known psychiatric illness, dementia, a structural neurological abnormality or encephalopathy. A ROC analysis was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool. The area under the ROC curve is 0.9017. Predicted sensitivity is 99% and specificity is 64%.Conclusion This study suggests that the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist can easily be applied by a clinician or a nurse in a busy critical care setting to screen all patients even when communication is compromised. The tool can be utilized quickly and helps to identify delirious patients. Earlier diagnosis may lead to earlier intervention and better patient care.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Similarly, delirium was assessed for each patient twice daily by nurses or physicians until ICU discharge by using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) score [22] (Additional data file 3).”
From Nicotine withdrawal and agitation in ventilated critically ill patients (2010) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Devlin, J. W., Skrobik, Y. K., Gélinas, C., Needham, D. M., Slooter, A. J. C., Pandharipande, P. P., Watson, P. L., Weinhouse, G. L., Nunnally, M., Rochwerg, B. N., et al. (2018) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000003299 · Cited by 4,280
Self-citationBarr, J., Fraser, G. L., Puntillo, K., Ely, E. W., Gélinas, C., Dasta, J. F., Davidson, J. E., Devlin, J. W., Kress, J. P., Joffe, A. M., et al. (2012) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3182783b72 · Cited by 3,896
“Delirium is a syndrome characterized by the acute onset of cerebral dysfunction with a change or fluctuation in baseline mental status, inattention, and either disorganized thinking or an altered level of consciousness (307-313).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationEly, E. W., Inouye, S. K., Bernard, G. R., Gordon, S., Francis, J., May, L., Truman, B., Speroff, T., Gautam, S., Margolin, R., et al. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.21.2703 · Cited by 3,210
Delirium as a Predictor of Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Ely, E. W. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.14.1753 · Cited by 3,073
Jacobi, J., Fraser, G. L., Coursin, D. B., Riker, R. R., Fontaine, D. K., Wittbrodt, E. T., Chalfin, D. B., Masica, M. F., Bjerke, H. S., Coplin, W. M., et al. (2002) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-200201000-00020 · Cited by 1,876
Monitoring Sedation Status Over Time in ICU Patients
Ely, E. W., Truman, B., Shintani, A., Thomason, J. W. W., Wheeler, A. P., Gordon, S., Francis, J., Speroff, T., Gautam, S., Margolin, R. A., et al. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.22.2983 · Cited by 1,704
Delirium as a predictor of long-term cognitive impairment in survivors of critical illness
Girard, T. D., Jackson, J. C., Pandharipande, P. P., Pun, B. T., Thompson, J. L., Shintani, A., Gordon, S. M., Canonico, A. E., Dittus, R. S., Bernard, G. R., et al. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181e47be1 · Cited by 1,217
Engelman, D. T., Ben Ali, W., Williams, J. B., Perrault, L. P., Reddy, V. S., Arora, R. C., Roselli, E. E., Khoynezhad, A., Gerdisch, M., Levy, J. H., et al. (2019) · JAMA Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.1153 · Cited by 1,225
Wilson, J. E., Mart, M. F., Cunningham, C. M., Shehabi, Y., Girard, T. D., MacLullich, A. M. J., Slooter, A. J. C., & Ely, E. W. (2020) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-020-00223-4 · Cited by 1,371
Outcome of delirium in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
Salluh, J. I., Wang, H., Schneider, E. B., Nagaraja, N., Yenokyan, G., Damluji, A. A., Serafim, R. B., & Stevens, R. D. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h2538 · Cited by 1,098
Jammer, I., Wickboldt, N., Sander, M., Smith, A., Schultz, M. J., Pelosi, P. P., Leva, B., Rhodes, A., Hoeft, A., Walder, B., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/eja.0000000000000118 · Cited by 1,020
Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment
Fong, T. G., Tulebaev, S. R., & Inouye, S. K. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.24 · Cited by 1,005
Incidence, risk factors and consequences of ICU delirium
Ouimet, S., Kavanagh, B. P., Gottfried, S. B., & Skrobik, Y. (2007) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-006-0399-8 · Cited by 972
“Moreover, the ICDSC study included patients with neurological or psychiatric diagnoses, or abnormal consciousness on admission, and thus incorporated many patients who were excluded in substantiating the CAM-ICU [22].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationKondziella, D., Bender, A., Diserens, K., van Erp, W. S., Estraneo, A., Formisano, R., Laureys, S., Naccache, L., Öztürk, Ş., Rohaut, B., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.14151 · Cited by 735
“Bergeron N, Dubois MJ, Dumont M, et al. Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist: evaluation of a new screening tool.”
MethodThe checklist—a tool for error management and performance improvement
Hales, B. M., & Pronovost, P. J. (2006) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2006.06.002 · Cited by 642
“Of the patients included in this study, 93% of patients having developed delirium obtained a significantly high score on the screening checklist, whereas only 19% of patients having not developed delirium had similar scores (sensitivity, 99%; specificity, 64%) [27].”
BackgroundDelirium in the intensive care unit
Girard, T. D., Pandharipande, P. P., & Ely, E. W. (2008) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc6149 · Cited by 648
“The prevalence of delirium reported in medical and surgical ICU cohort studies has varied from 20% to 80%, depending upon severity of illness observed and diagnostic methods used [3, 8-12 ].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSedation and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit
Reade, M. C., & Finfer, S. R. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1208705 · Cited by 619
Gusmao-Flores, D., Salluh, J. I., Chalhub, R. Á., & Quarantini, L. C. (2012) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc11407 · Cited by 579
Benzodiazepine pharmacology and central nervous system-mediated effects.
(2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 650
Pandharipande, P. P., Cotton, B. A., Shintani, A., Thompson, J. L., Pun, B. T., Morris, J. A., Dittus, R. S., & Ely, E. W. (2008) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e31814b2c4d · Cited by 560
Thomason, J. W. W., Shintani, A., Peterson, J. F., Pun, B. T., Jackson, J. C., & Ely, E. W. (2005) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc3729 · Cited by 548
“Several studies have now confirmed that delirium occurs in 60% to 80% of mechanically ventilated patients [2,8-10], though two investigations found a lower prevalence in an ICU cohort with a lesser severity of illness [11,12].”
BackgroundA Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Delirium in the ICU*
Zaal, I. J., Devlin, J. W., Peelen, L. M., & Slooter, A. J. C. (2014) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000000625 · Cited by 571
Devlin, J. W., Roberts, R. J., Fong, J. J., Skrobik, Y. K., Riker, R. R., Hill, N. S., Robbins, T., & Garpestad, E. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181b9e302 · Cited by 532
“This instrument was developed and initially validated at one of the study sites (Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital) and, after education, has been used in both clinical and research practice at the other two study sites for 4 yrs (32).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationPun, B. T., Badenes, R., Calle, G. H. L., Orun, O. M., Chen, W., Chandrasekhar, R., Simpson, B. K., Wilson-Linville, S., Olmedillo, B. H., de la Cueva, A. V., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30552-x · Cited by 554
Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults: Best Practice Statement from the American Geriatrics Society
Inouye, S. K., Robinson, T., Blaum, C. S., Busby‐Whitehead, J., Boustani, M. A., Chalian, A. A., Deiner, S. G., Fick, D. M., Hutchison, L. C., Johanning, J. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.10.019 · Cited by 521
Mehta, S. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.13872 · Cited by 513
“36) and hospital stay (median [IQR], 20 [10-36] days vs 20 [10-48] days; P=.”
BackgroundCOVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Kotfis, K., Williams Roberson, S., Wilson, J. E., Dabrowski, W., Pun, B. T., & Ely, E. W. (2020) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-020-02882-x · Cited by 506
Olanzapine vs haloperidol: treating delirium in a critical care setting
Skrobik, Y. K., Bergeron, N., Dumont, M., & Gottfried, S. B. (2003) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-003-2117-0 · Cited by 455
“Recent tools have been developed to screen for [9] and aid in identification of [10] delirium in the ICU.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe impact of delirium on the survival of mechanically ventilated patients*
Lin, S., Liu, C., Wang, C., Lin, H.-C., Huang, C., Huang, P.-Y., Fang, Y., Shieh, M.-H., & Kuo, H.-P. (2004) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000145587.16421.bb · Cited by 451
Delirium in critical illness: clinical manifestations, outcomes, and management
Stollings, J. L., Kotfis, K., Chanques, G., Pun, B. T., Pandharipande, P. P., & Ely, E. W. (2021) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06503-1 · Cited by 571
Girard, T. D., Thompson, J. L., Pandharipande, P. P., Brummel, N. E., Jackson, J. C., Patel, M. B., Hughes, C. G., Chandrasekhar, R., Pun, B. T., Boehm, L. M., et al. (2018) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30062-6 · Cited by 453
Epidemiology and risk factors for delirium across hospital settings
Vasilevskis, E. E., Han, J. H., Hughes, C. G., & Ely, E. W. (2012) · Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2012.07.003 · Cited by 393
Krewulak, K. D., Stelfox, H. T., Leigh, J. P., Ely, E. W., & Fiest, K. M. (2018) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000003402 · Cited by 424
Dorman, T. (2011) · Yearbook of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0734-3299(10)79437-5 · Cited by 385
Social media adoption and its impact on firm performance: the case of the UAE
Ahmad, S. Z., Bakar, A. R. A., & Ahmad, N. (2018) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-08-2017-0299 · Cited by 473
“The key respondents targeted were owner-managers or CEOs, because they were considered likely to be the most knowledgeable about their firm’s environment and performance (Bergeron et al., 2001).”
BackgroundReade, M. C., Eastwood, G. M., Bellomo, R., Bailey, M., Bersten, A. D., Cheung, B. K., Davies, A., Delaney, A. P., Ghosh, A., van Haren, F. M. P., et al. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.2707 · Cited by 382
Devlin, J. W., Skrobik, Y., Gélinas, C., Needham, D. M., Slooter, A. J. C., Pandharipande, P. P., Watson, P. L., Weinhouse, G. L., Nunnally, M. E., Rochwerg, B., et al. (2018) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000003259 · Cited by 372
“Delirium is a clinical diagnosis; most studies detect its presence using screening tools such as the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (73, 74).”
MethodSelf-citationvan den Boogaard, M., Schoonhoven, L., Evers, A. W. M., van der Hoeven, J. G., van Achterberg, T., & Pickkers, P. (2012) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31822e9fc9 · Cited by 361
Pisani, M. A., Murphy, T. E., Araujo, K. L. B., Slattum, P. W., Ness, P. H. V., & Inouye, S. K. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e318192fcf9 · Cited by 361
Lonergan, E., Britton, A. M., & Luxenberg, J. S. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005594.pub2 · Cited by 406
Ely, E. W., Stephens, R. K., Jackson, J. C., Thomason, J. W. W., Truman, B., Gordon, S., Dittus, R. S., & Bernard, G. R. (2004) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000098033.94737.84 · Cited by 358
Sedation, delirium and mechanical ventilation: the ‘ABCDE’ approach
Morandi, A., Brummel, N. E., & Ely, E. W. (2010) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0b013e3283427243 · Cited by 357
Understanding brain dysfunction in sepsis
Sonneville, R., Verdonk, F., Rauturier, C., Klein, I. F., Wolff, M., Annane, D., Chrétien, F., & Sharshar, T. (2013) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/2110-5820-3-15 · Cited by 362
“Physicians have at their disposal validated clinical instruments for detecting brain dysfunction of critically ill patients, including the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) [6], and the intensive care delirium screening checklist (ICDSC) [67].”
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Delirium in Mechanically Ventilated Adults*
Mehta, S., Cook, D., Devlin, J. W., Skrobik, Y. K., Meade, M. O., Fergusson, D. A., Herridge, M. S., Steinberg, M., Granton, J. T., Ferguson, N. D., et al. (2014) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000000727 · Cited by 360
“No delirium means ICDSC was always ≤ 3.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationSmith, H. A. B., Boyd, J., Fuchs, D. C., Melvin, K. E., Berry, P., Shintani, A., Eden, S., Terrell, M. K., Boswell, T., Wolfram, K. B., et al. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181feb489 · Cited by 334
Comparison of delirium assessment tools in a mixed intensive care unit*
van Eijk, M. M. J., van Marum, R. J., Klijn, I., de Wit, N., Kesecioğlu, J., & Slooter, A. J. C. (2009) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181a00118 · Cited by 333
Symptoms experienced by intensive care unit patients at high risk of dying*
Puntillo, K., Arai, S. R., Cohen, N. H., Gropper, M. A., Neuhaus, J. M., Paul, S. M., & Miaskowski, C. A. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181f267ee · Cited by 329
Grant, M. C., Crisafi, C., Alvarez, A., Arora, R. C., Brindle, M. E., Chatterjee, S., Ender, J. K., Fletcher, N., Gregory, A. J., Günaydın, S., et al. (2024) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.12.006 · Cited by 364
Patel, R. P., Gambrell, M., Speroff, T., Scott, T. A., Pun, B. T., Okahashi, J., Strength, C., Pandharipande, P. P., Girard, T. D., Burgess, H., et al. (2009) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31819b8608 · Cited by 319
“Two delirium screening tools—the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist— have been specifically validated for use in ICU patients (4, 6), but they remain infrequently used.”
MethodMarcantonio, E. R. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.6857 · Cited by 317
Subsyndromal delirium in the ICU: evidence for a disease spectrum
Ouimet, S., Riker, R. R., Bergeon, N., Cossette, M., Kavanagh, B. P., & Skrobik, Y. K. (2007) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0618-y · Cited by 310
Self-citationMehta, S., Burry, L. D., Fischer, S. E., Martinez-Motta, J. C., Hallett, D. C., Bowman, D., Wong, C., Meade, M. O., Stewart, T. E., & Cook, D. J. (2006) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000196830.61965.f1 · Cited by 294
Low-Dose Nocturnal Dexmedetomidine Prevents ICU Delirium. A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Skrobik, Y. K., Duprey, M. S., Hill, N. S., & Devlin, J. W. (2018) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201710-1995oc · Cited by 304
Self-citationKetamine Attenuates Delirium After Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Hudetz, J. A., Patterson, K. M., Iqbal, Z., Gandhi, S. D., Byrne, A. J., Hudetz, A. G., Warltier, D. C., & Pagel, P. S. (2009) · Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia · doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2008.12.021 · Cited by 295
Skrobik, Y. K., Ahern, S. P., Leblanc, M., Marquis, F., Awissi, D., & Kavanagh, B. P. (2010) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181d7e1b8 · Cited by 294
“, 4) at any assessment during their ICU stay were considered to have clinical delirium.(16) Patients with a maximal ICDSC score 0 but 3 at any time during their ICU stay were considered to have subsyndromal delirium.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe Importance of Diagnosing and Managing ICU Delirium
Pun, B. T., & Ely, E. W. (2007) · Chest · doi:10.1378/chest.06-1795 · Cited by 287
Routine Use of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit: A Multicenter Study
van Eijk, M. M. J., van den Boogaard, M., van Marum, R. J., Benner, P., Eikelenboom, P., Honing, M. L. H., van der Hoven, B., Horn, J., Izaks, G. J., Kalf, A., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201101-0065oc · Cited by 285
Vasilevskis, E. E., Ely, E. W., Speroff, T., Pun, B. T., Boehm, L. M., & Dittus, R. S. (2010) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.10-0466 · Cited by 280
Effect of Haloperidol on Survival Among Critically Ill Adults With a High Risk of Delirium
van den Boogaard, M., Slooter, A. J. C., Brüggemann, R. J. M., Schoonhoven, L., Beishuizen, A., Vermeijden, W., Pretorius, D., de Koning, J., Simons, K. S., Dennesen, P., et al. (2018) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0160 · Cited by 276
Delirium in the Cardiovascular ICU
McPherson, J., Wagner, C. E., Boehm, L. M., Hall, J. D., Johnson, D., Miller, L. R., Burns, K., Thompson, J. L., Shintani, A., Ely, E. W., et al. (2012) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31826ab49b · Cited by 277
Delirium in the ICU: an overview
Cavallazzi, R., Saad, M., & Marik, P. E. (2012) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/2110-5820-2-49 · Cited by 275
“In one study, CAM-ICU was prospectively compared with the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist in 126 patients.”
InfluentialPandharipande, P. P., Cotton, B. A., Shintani, A., Thompson, J. L., Costabile, S., Pun, B. T., Dittus, R. S., & Ely, E. W. (2007) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0687-y · Cited by 268
Delirium Screening: A Systematic Review of Delirium Screening Tools in Hospitalized Patients
De, J., & Wand, A. P. F. (2015) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnv100 · Cited by 282
Sleep and delirium in ICU patients: a review of mechanisms and manifestations
Figueroa-Ramos, M. I., Arroyo-Novoa, C. M., Lee, K. A., Padilla, G., & Puntillo, K. (2009) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-009-1397-4 · Cited by 278
“It has been shown to have an excellent sensitivity (99%); however, its specificity was lower at 64% [75], allowing other conditions to be identified incorrectly as delirium.”
BackgroundCharacteristics Associated With Delirium in Older Patients in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Pisani, M. A. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.15.1629 · Cited by 266
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy and its differential diagnosis
Iacobone, E., Bailly-Salin, J., Polito, A., Friedman, D., Stevens, R. D., & Sharshar, T. (2009) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181b6ed58 · Cited by 268
“For delirium, the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (39) or the Intensive Care Unit Delirium Screening Checklist (40) can be proposed.”
MethodReade, M. C., O’Sullivan, K., Bates, S., Goldsmith, D., Ainslie, W. R., & Bellomo, R. (2009) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc7890 · Cited by 265
“Data collected included study drug rate, use of other sedatives, RASS score, Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) score [ 16 ], requirement for physical restraint, mean arterial pressure, requirement and rate of vasopressors and inotropes, and the presence of arrhythmias or any other adverse event.”
Risk Factors for and Prediction by Caregivers of Extubation Failure in ICU Patients
Thille, A. W., Boissier, F., Ghezala, H. B., Razazi, K., Dessap, A. M., & Brun‐Buisson, C. (2014) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000000748 · Cited by 267
Pun, B. T., Gordon, S. M., Peterson, J. F., Shintani, A., Jackson, J. C., Foss, J., Harding, S. D., Bernard, G. R., Dittus, R. S., & Ely, E. W. (2005) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000166867.78320.ac · Cited by 258
Prevention and Management of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit
Mart, M. F., Roberson, S. W., Salas, B., Pandharipande, P. P., & Ely, E. W. (2020) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1710572 · Cited by 307
Livingston, G., Kelly, L., Lewis-Holmes, E., Baio, G., Stephen Morris, A., Patel, N. V., Omar, R., Katona, C., & Cooper, C. (2014) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta18390 · Cited by 259
The Preschool Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU
Smith, H. A. B., Gangopadhyay, M., Goben, C. M., Jacobowski, N., Chestnut, M. H., Savage, S. W., Rutherford, M. T., Denton, D., Thompson, J. L., Chandrasekhar, R., et al. (2015) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000001428 · Cited by 245
Khan, B. A., Perkins, A. J., Gao, S., Hui, S. L., Campbell, N. L., Farber, M. O., Chlan, L. L., & Boustani, M. A. (2017) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000002368 · Cited by 227
Abelha, F., Luís, C., Veiga, D., Parente, D., Fernandes, V., dos Santos, P. E. R., Botelho, M., Santos, A., & Santos, C. (2013) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc13084 · Cited by 229
“Each patient admitted to the SICU and included in the study was evaluated prospectively by research staff physicians and one of the bedside nurses to establish a diagnosis of delirium, using the ICDSC [18].”
MethodInfluentialSepsis Associated Encephalopathy
Chaudhry, N., & Duggal, A. K. (2014) · Advances in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2014/762320 · Cited by 254
“In nonsedated patients mental status is straightforwardly assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for patients outside the ICU and Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) for patients admitted to the ICU.”
Delirium assessment in the critically ill
Devlin, J. W., Fong, J. J., Fraser, G. L., & Riker, R. R. (2007) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0603-5 · Cited by 222
“A major reason for the higher specificity that is reported with CAM-ICU (89%) than ICDSC (64%) is that patients with neurological injury and structural neurological abnormalities were excluded from the CAM-ICU but not the ICDSC validation studies [2, 32, 33].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe impact of delirium on clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated surgical and trauma patients
Lat, I., McMillian, W., Taylor, S., Janzen, J. M., Papadopoulos, S., Korth, L., Ehtisham, A., Nold, J., Agarwal, S., Azocar, R., et al. (2009) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e31819ffe38 · Cited by 222
“Several validated tools exist to assist in the diagnosis of delirium in the critically ill population (2, 3).”
MethodClinical review: The ABC of weaning failure - a structured approach
Heunks, L. M. A., & van der Hoeven, J. G. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc9296 · Cited by 223
Preventing Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit
Brummel, N. E., & Girard, T. D. (2012) · Critical Care Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2012.10.007 · Cited by 214
Critical Care Nurses’ Role in Implementing the “ABCDE Bundle” Into Practice
Balas, M. C., Vasilevskis, E. E., Burke, W. J., Boehm, L. M., Pun, B. T., Olsen, K. M., Peitz, G. J., & Ely, E. W. (2012) · Critical Care Nurse · doi:10.4037/ccn2012229 · Cited by 214
Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: From Delirium to Dementia?
Chung, H., Wickel, J., Brunkhorst, F. M., & Geis, C. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9030703 · Cited by 222
“In the intensive care unit, the CAM‐ICU [81] or the intensive care delirium checklist (ICDSC) [82] are most commonly used.”
MethodInfluentialValidity and Reliability of the CAM-ICU Flowsheet to diagnose delirium in surgical ICU patients
Guenther, U., Popp, J., Koecher, L., Muders, T., Wrigge, H., Ely, E. W., & Putensen, C. (2009) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2009.08.005 · Cited by 213
Assessment of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: Nursing Practices And Perceptions
Devlin, J. W., Fong, J. J., Howard, E., Skrobik, Y. K., McCoy, N., Yasuda, C., & Marshall, J. (2008) · American Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.4037/ajcc2008.17.6.555 · Cited by 211
Self-citationThe intensive care delirium research agenda: a multinational, interprofessional perspective
Pandharipande, P. P., Ely, E. W., Arora, R. C., Balas, M. C., Boustani, M. A., Calle, G. H. L., Cunningham, C. M., Devlin, J. W., Elefante, J., Han, J. H., et al. (2017) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-017-4860-7 · Cited by 215
Self-citationICU delirium ― a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in the intensive care unit
Kotfis, K., Marra, A., & Ely, E. W. (2018) · Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy · doi:10.5603/ait.a2018.0011 · Cited by 220
“The scales most widely used in delirium monitoring and recommended by CCM [6] include the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) [27] and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) [28].”
MethodInfluentialApolipoprotein E4 polymorphism as a genetic predisposition to delirium in critically ill patients*
Ely, W., Girard, T. D., Shintani, A., Jackson, J. C., Gordon, S. M., Thomason, J. W. W., Pun, B. T., Canonico, A. E., Light, R. W., Pandharipande, P. P., et al. (2006) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000251925.18961.ca · Cited by 204
Sedation and Analgesia in the Mechanically Ventilated Patient
Patel, S. B., & Kress, J. P. (2011) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201102-0273ci · Cited by 205
Morandi, A., Pandharipande, P. P., Trabucchi, M., Rozzini, R., Mistraletti, G., Trompeo, A. C., Gregoretti, C., Gattinoni, L., Ranieri, M. V., Brochard, L. J., et al. (2008) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-008-1177-6 · Cited by 201
“, acute change or fluctuation in mental status and inattention, accompanied by either disorganized thinking or an altered level of consciousness) [1] occurs in 20–40% of non-critically ill, hospitalized patients with rates as high as 80% in critically ill surgical and medical ICU patients [2–10], depending on the seve…”
BackgroundSelf-citationAn Updated Focused Review of Dexmedetomidine in Adults
Gerlach, A. T., Murphy, C. V., & Dasta, J. F. (2009) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1m310 · Cited by 200
Kong, H., Xu, L., & Wang, D. (2022) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13873 · Cited by 214
Meta-Analysis of Factors Which Influence Delirium Following Cardiac Surgery
Lin, Y., Chen, J., & Wang, Z. (2012) · Journal of Cardiac Surgery · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8191.2012.01472.x · Cited by 192
Children's Factual and Delusional Memories of Intensive Care
Colville, G. A., Kerry, S., & Pierce, C. M. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200706-857oc · Cited by 193
“Opiates 94 (92) Thiopentone 4 (4) Propofol 2 (2) Paralyzing drugs 42 ( 43 )”
MethodPatient-Focused Sedation and Analgesia in the ICU
Sessler, C. N., & Gill, K. V. (2008) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.07-2026 · Cited by 191
Pandharipande, P. P., Banerjee, A., McGrane, S., & Ely, E. W. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc8999 · Cited by 188
“Development of easy to use delirium monitoring instruments such as the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU [11] and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist [ 12 ] (the D of the ABCDEs) led to investigations that quantifi ed the undesirable consequences of delirium in the critically ill [5-7], and identifi…”
MethodSchubert, M., Schürch, R., Böettger, S., Núñez, D. G., Schwarz, U., Béttex, D., Jenewein, J., Bogdanović, J., Stähli, M. L., Spirig, R., et al. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3345-x · Cited by 199
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Development of Delirium in Burn Intensive Care Unit Patients
Agarwal, V., O’Neill, P. J., Cotton, B. A., Pun, B. T., Haney, S., Thompson, J. L., Kassebaum, N. J., Shintani, A., Guy, J., Ely, E. W., et al. (2010) · Journal of Burn Care & Research · doi:10.1097/bcr.0b013e3181eebee9 · Cited by 185
Hagel, S., Bach, F., Brenner, T., Bracht, H., Brinkmann, A., Annecke, T., Höhn, A., Weigand, M. A., Michels, G., Kluge, S., et al. (2022) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06609-6 · Cited by 188
Assessment scales for delirium: A review
Grover, S. (2012) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v2.i4.58 · Cited by 183
Martin, J., Heymann, A., Bäsell, K., Baron, R., Biniek, R., Bürkle, H., Dall, P., Dictus, C., Eggers, V., Eichler, I., et al. (2010) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3205/000091 · Cited by 184
“RASS: Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (-5 to +4) VAS: Visual Analogue Scala, VRS: Verbale Rating Scala, NRS: Numeric Rating Scale (0-10) BPS: Behavioral Pain Scale (3-12), PAINAD: Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (0-10) CAM-ICU: Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (positive/negative) ICDSC: Intensive Care De…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHayhurst, C. J., Pandharipande, P. P., & Hughes, C. G. (2016) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000001378 · Cited by 192
Metadata
- Authors
- Bergeron, N., Dubois, M.-J., Dumont, M., Dial, S., & Skrobik, Y.
- Affiliations
- Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CA)
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Skrobik, Y.
- Venue
- Intensive Care Medicine
- Published
- 2001-04-20
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 859-864
- ISSN
- 0342-4642 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1238
- OpenAlex
- W2143617649
- Cited by
- 1,487
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 78 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 94 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 110 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 70 · 2017: 79 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 73
- FWCI
- 6.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Intensive Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- delirium, intensive care unit, delirium screening, screening checklist, intensive care, altered level of consciousness, psychomotor agitation, sleep-wake disturbances, sensitivity and specificity, early diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Critical Care, Delirium, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity, Critical Illness, APACHE
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
