The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Anogenital distance as a toxicological or clinical marker for fetal androgen action and risk for reproductive disorders
Open accessAbstract
Male reproductive development is intricately dependent on fetal androgen action. Consequently, disrupted androgen action during fetal life can interfere with the development of the reproductive system resulting in adverse effects on reproductive function later in life. One biomarker used to evaluate fetal androgen action is the anogenital distance (AGD), the distance between the anus and the external genitalia. A short male AGD is strongly associated with genital malformations at birth and reproductive disorders in adulthood. AGD is therefore used as an effect readout in rodent toxicity studies aimed at testing compounds for endocrine activity and anti-androgenic properties, and in human epidemiological studies to correlate fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals to feminization of new-born boys. In this review, we have synthesized current data related to intrauterine exposure to xenobiotics and AGD measurements. We discuss the utility of AGD as a retrospective marker of in utero anti-androgenicity and as a predictive marker for male reproductive disorders, both with respect to human health and rodent toxicity studies. Finally, we highlight four areas that need addressing to fully evaluate AGD as a biomarker in both a regulatory and clinical setting.
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Cites
Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure
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The Relationship Between Anogenital Distance and Reproductive Hormone Levels in Adult Men
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Cited by
Sex determination, gonadal sex differentiation, and plasticity in vertebrate species
Nagahama, Y., Chakraborty, T., Paul-Prasanth, B., Ohta, K., & Nakamura, M. (2021) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00044.2019 · Cited by 346
Impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on reproduction in wildlife and humans
Marlatt, V. L., Bayen, S., Castaneda-Cortès, D., Delbès, G., Grigorova, P., Langlois, V. S., Martyniuk, C. J., Metcalfe, C. D., Parent, L., Rwigemera, A., et al. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112584 · Cited by 280
Paracetamol use during pregnancy — a call for precautionary action
Bauer, A. Z., Swan, S. H., Kriebel, D., Liew, Z., Taylor, H. S., Bornehag, C.-G., Andrade, A. M., Olsen, J., Jensen, R. H., Mitchell, R. T., et al. (2021) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00553-7 · Cited by 228
Impact of chemical endocrine disruptors and hormone modulators on the endocrine system
Guarnotta, V., Amodei, R., Frasca, F., Aversa, A., & Giordano, C. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23105710 · Cited by 171
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Metadata
- Authors
- Schwartz, C. L., Christiansen, S., Vinggaard, A. M., Axelstad, M., Hass, U., & Svingen, T.
- Venue
- Archives of Toxicology
- Published
- 2018-11-14
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-272
- ISSN
- 0340-5761 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0738
- OpenAlex
- W2901854340
- Cited by
- 247
- References
- 13
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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- Schwartz, C. L., Christiansen, S., Vinggaard, A. M., Axelstad, M., Hass, U., & Svingen, T. (2019). Anogenital distance as a toxicological or clinical marker for fetal androgen action and risk for reproductive disorders. Archives of Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-018-2350-5
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