The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tryptophan depletion in normal volunteers produces selective impairment in memory consolidation.
Open accessAbstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) circuits may play a role in cognitive performance, particularly in learning and memory. Cognitive impairment is often seen in depressed patients, in whom 5-HT turnover in the brain is thought to be lowered. A possible human pharmacological model to study the involvement of the serotonergic system in cognitive impairment is to reduce central 5-HT synthesis through L-tryptophan depletion in healthy subjects. In this study, the cognitive effects of tryptophan depletion were assessed and whether genetically or developmentally determined vulnerability factors were predictive of the cognitive impairment induced by tryptophan depletion. Sixteen healthy volunteers with a positive family history of depression and 11 without were given 100 g of an amino acid mixture with or without tryptophan, according to a double-blind, cross-over design. Tryptophan depletion specifically impaired long-term memory performance in all subjects: delayed recall performance, recognition sensitivity, and recognition reaction times were significantly impaired after tryptophan depletion relative to placebo. Short-term memory and perceptual and psychomotor functions were unchanged. There were no differences between groups with a positive and a negative family history for depression. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that tryptophan depletion specifically impairs long-term memory formation, presumably as a result of an acute decrease in 5-HT turnover in the brain.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“New learning is dependent upon adequate food intake and subsequent protein and neurotransmitter synthesis (109–111).”
From The integrated treatment of eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychiatric comorbidity: a commentary on the evolution of principles and guidelines (2023) · cites this paper as [111]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“The action of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in the hippocampus is known to facilitate the process of hippocampal learning and memory (Riedel et al., 1999; Buhot et al., 2000).”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Riedel et al., 1999
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Memory-scanning: mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments.
Sternberg, S. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 1,943
Differences between males and females in rates of serotonin synthesis in human brain
Nishizawa, S., Benkelfat, C., Young, S. N., Leyton, M., Mzengeza, S., de Montigny, C., Blier, P., & Dikšić, M. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5308 · Cited by 911
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview
Sheehan, D., Janavs, J., Baker, R., Harnett-Sheehan, K., Knapp, E., Sheehan, M., Lecrubier, Y., Weiller, E., Hergueta, T., Amorim, P., et al. (2013) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t18597-000 · Cited by 841
Tryptophan depletion causes a rapid lowering of mood in normal males
Young, S. N., Smith, S. E., Pihl, R. O., & Ervin, F. R. (1985) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00431803 · Cited by 715
A non-parametric analysis of recognition experiments
Pollack, I. W., & Norman, D. A. (1964) · Psychonomic Science · doi:10.3758/bf03342823 · Cited by 496
Tryptophan depletion in normal volunteers produces selective impairments in learning and memory
Park, S. B., Coull, J. T., McShane, R. H., Young, A. H., Sahakian, B. J., Robbins, T. W., & Cowen, P. J. (1994) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(94)90089-2 · Cited by 310
Serotonin, memory, and the aging brain
McEntee, W. J., & Crook, T. H. (1991) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02244194 · Cited by 280
van Eijk, H. M. H., Rooyakkers, D. R., & Deutz, N. E. P. (1993) · Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications · doi:10.1016/0378-4347(93)80062-9 · Cited by 253
Self-citationEllenbogen, M. A. (1996) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(96)00056-5 · Cited by 242
Serotonergic Dysfunction in Depression
Meltzer, H. Y. (1989) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000291733 · Cited by 227
An analysis of memory dysfunction in major depression
Ilsley, J., Moffoot, A. P. R., & O’Carroll, R. E. (1995) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(95)00032-i · Cited by 197
Behavioral screening for cognition enhancers: from indiscriminate to valid testing: Part I
Sarter, M. F., Hagan, J. J., & Dudchenko, P. A. (1992) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02245132 · Cited by 181
Altman, H. J., & Normile, H. J. (1988) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(88)80124-6 · Cited by 180
Caffeine attenuates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in humans
Reidel, W., Hogervorst, E., Leboux, R., Verhey, F., van Praag, H., & Jolles, J. (1995) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02246090 · Cited by 152
Recall and recognition memory deficits in depression
Brand, A. N., JOLLES, J., & Wied, C. G. (1992) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(92)90095-n · Cited by 119
Effects of major depression on the cognitive function of younger and older subjects
Tarbuck, A. F., & Paykel, E. S. (1995) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700036187 · Cited by 107
Fernstrom, M. H., & Fernstrom, J. D. (1995) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.2.312 · Cited by 105
Experimental studies on the role of serotonin in cognition
Sirviö, J., Riekkinen, P. J., Jäkälä, P., & Riekkinen, P. J. (1994) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0301-0082(94)90060-4 · Cited by 102
Coull, J. T., Sahakian, B. J., Middleton, H. C., Young, A. H., Park, S. B., McShane, R. H., Cowen, P. J., & Robbins, T. W. (1995) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02245633 · Cited by 89
Specificity of the tryptophan depletion method
Klaassen, T., Riedel, W. J., Deutz, N. E. P., van Someren, A., & van Praag, H. M. (1999) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050835 · Cited by 79
Self-citationCortamira, N. O., Sève, B., Lebreton, Y., & Ganier, P. (1991) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn19910045 · Cited by 77
Dietary Precursors and Brain Neurotransmitter Formation
Fernstrom, J. D. (1981) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.me.32.020181.002213 · Cited by 77
van Praag, H. M. (1996) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)84782-1 · Cited by 68
Serotonin in Affective Disorders
Smith, A. D. (1992) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004850-199206004-00004 · Cited by 38
Danjou, P., Hamon, M., Lacomblez, L., Warot, D., Kecskemeti, S., & Puech, A. J. (1990) · Psychiatry and Psychobiology · doi:10.1017/s0767399x00003357 · Cited by 35
Avoiding and Managing Anticholinergic Effects of Antidepressants
Riedel, W. J., & van Praag, H. M. (1995) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199503040-00002 · Cited by 34
Self-citationEffect of depression on psychomotor skills, eye movements and recognition-memory
Deijen, J. B., Orlebeke, J. F., & Rijsdijk, F. V. (1993) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(93)90116-2 · Cited by 29
Depression and dementia of the alzheimer type: Implications for psychopharmacological research
Siegfried, K. (1989) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.470040403 · Cited by 5
Prolonged tryptophan depletion and family history: Effects on mood and memory
van Praag, H. M., Klaassen, T., Riedel, W. J., & Honig, A. (1997) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)87326-x · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Lezak MD (1995) Neuropsychological assessment, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press, New York
- Maes M, Meltzer HY (1995) The serotonin hypothesis of major depression. In: Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ (eds) Psychopharma- cology : the fourth generation of progress. Raven Press, New York, pp 933-944
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jenkins, T., Nguyen, J., Polglaze, K., & Bertrand, P. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8010056 · Cited by 904
L -Tryptophan: Basic Metabolic Functions, Behavioral Research and Therapeutic Indications
Richard, D. M., Dawes, M. A., Mathias, C. W., Acheson, A., Hill‐Kapturczak, N., & Dougherty, D. M. (2009) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.4137/ijtr.s2129 · Cited by 733
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in Humans: Disease and Healthy States
Chen, Y., & Guillemin, G. J. (2009) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.4137/ijtr.s2097 · Cited by 642
Interferon-alpha–induced changes in tryptophan metabolism
Capuron, L., Neurauter, G., Musselman, D. L., Lawson, D. H., Nemeroff, C. B., Fuchs, D., & Miller, A. H. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00173-2 · Cited by 493
Diverse Actions of Ovarian Steroids in the Serotonin Neural System
Bethea, C. L., Lu, N. Z., Gundlah, C., & Streicher, J. M. (2002) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1006/frne.2001.0225 · Cited by 497
Metadata
- Authors
- Riedel, W. J., Klaassen, T., Deutz, N. E. P., van Someren, A., & van Praag, H. M.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Venue
- Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 1999-02-01
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 362-369
- ISSN
- 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2072
- OpenAlex
- W1963545345
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Universiteit Maastricht
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- tryptophan depletion, serotonin, memory consolidation, long-term memory, cognitive impairment, family history of depression, serotonergic system, depression, recognition memory, delayed recall, healthy volunteers
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Amino Acids, Cognition, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Sex Characteristics, Tryptophan, Cross-Over Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
