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Cited by 58Wood Treatment and PropertiesAdvanced Cellulose Research StudiesLignin and Wood Chemistry

Chemical aspects of wood modification by sol–gel-derived silica

Unger, Brita, Bücker, Michael, Reinsch, Stefan, Hübert, Thomas·2013·Wood Science and Technology
DOI 10.1007/s00226-012-0486-7
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Abstract

It has been shown that tetraethoxysilane-derived precursors are suitable solutions for impregnating pine sapwood to improve its dimensional stability. Tailored sol–gel syntheses result in precursors with nano-scaled silica species which are able to penetrate into the cell walls of wood. The physical fixation of those species inside the cell walls was verified by ESEM/EDX investigations. There is evidence that the silica species are chemically bonded to wood components. Non-reacted alkoxy groups can exist in the wood composites after impregnation. The amount of these organic residues depends on the composition of the precursors, especially their condensation degree and reactivity. Treatments for finishing the composites after the impregnation step to get clean products and stable properties are discussed in this context. An explanation of the complex relationship between solids content in the impregnation solutions and percentage weight gain and bulking of the composites is given. It can be demonstrated that high WPG values (>20 %) are pre-conditions for an effective protection of the resulting composites but they only guarantee efficient improvements if connected with the incorporation of the inorganic component inside the cell walls. Therefore, the sol–gel syntheses have to be carried out in such a manner that very small (<2 nm) as well as reactive species are sufficiently available. This demands syntheses using sub-stoichiometric water contents (H₂O/TEOS < 4, better <2).

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00226-012-0486-7

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31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Wood features numerous hydroxyl groups that confer a hydrophilic nature on the cell wall, which traps polymeric Ti-OH inside wood samples by interaction with wood hydroxyl.

    “Wood also features numerous hydroxyl groups that confer a hydrophilic nature on the cell wall which traps the polymeric Ti-OH inside the wood samples by interaction with wood hydroxyl.86”

    From Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts: titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources (2016) · cites this paper as [86]

  • Wood's natural hierarchical structure is composed of well-oriented microfibers and tracheids for water, ions, and oxygen transportation during metabolism, and multiscale natural fibers from wood have unique optical properties applicable to optoelectronics and photonic devices.

    “Wood's natural hierarchical structure is composed of welloriented microfibers and tracheids for water, ions, and oxygen transportation during metabolism; more importantly, multiscale natural fibers from wood have unique optical properties applicable to different kinds of optoelectronics and photonic devices.86,87”

    From Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts: titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources (2016) · cites this paper as [86]

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Authors
Unger, B., Bücker, M., Reinsch, S., & Hübert, T.
Affiliations
Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing (DE)
Corresponding author
Bücker, Michael
ORCID
Reinsch, Stefan
Venue
Wood Science and Technology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2012-06-17
Volume
47
Issue
1
Pages
83-104
ISSN
  • 0043-7719 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-5225
DOI
10.1007/s00226-012-0486-7
OpenAlex
W2059634042
Cited by
58
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
6.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
Wood Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
Funders
Allianz Industrie Forschung
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Wood Treatment and Properties
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lignin and Wood Chemistry
Keywords
wood modification, sol-gel silica, tetraethoxysilane, pine sapwood, dimensional stability, wood impregnation, alkoxy groups, degree of condensation, wood-based composites, wood preservation

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