Inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells and bone regeneration
Abstract
Achieving satisfactory reconstruction of bone remains an important goal in orthopedic and dental conditions such as bone trauma, osteoporosis, arthritis, osteonecrosis, and periodontitis. Appropriate temporal and spatial differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for postnatal bone regeneration. Additionally, an acute inflammatory response is crucial at the onset of bone repair, while an adaptive immune response has important implications during late bone remodeling. Various reports have indicated bidirectional interactions between MSCs and inflammatory cells or molecules. For example, inflammatory cells can recruit MSCs, direct their migration and differentiation, so as to exert anabolic effects on bone repair. Furthermore, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines can regulate MSCs properties and subsequent bone regeneration. MSCs have demonstrated highly immunosuppressive functions, such as inhibiting the differentiation of monocytes/hematopoietic precursors and suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review emphasizes the important interactions between inflammatory stimuli, MSCs, and bone regeneration as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Better understanding of these principles will provide new opportunities for promoting bone regeneration and the treatment of bone loss associated with immunological diseases.
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Mesenchymal stem cells influence different immune cells, including dendritic cells, natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes, through a variety of substances, including enzymes, adenosine, chemokines, and cytokines.
“According to recent studies, MSCs have been shown to influence different immune cells, including DCs, NK cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. This effect is caused by a variety of substances, including enzymes, adenosine, chemokines, and cytokines [105, 106].”
From Mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow niche of patients with multiple myeloma: a double-edged sword (2025) · cites this paper as [105]
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Kamrani, S., Naseramini, R., Khani, P., Razavi, Z. S., Afkhami, H., Atashzar, M. R., Nasri, F., Alavimanesh, S., Saeidi, F., & Ronaghi, H. (2025) · Cancer Cell International · doi:10.1186/s12935-025-03741-x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“This effect is caused by a variety of substances, including enzymes, adenosine, chemokines, and cytokines [105, 106].”
Alterations in bone fracture healing associated with TNFRSF signaling pathways
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- Authors
- Liu, H., Li, D., Zhang, Y., & Li, M.
- Affiliations
- Shandong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Minqi
- Venue
- Histochemistry and Cell Biology
- Published
- 2018-02-12
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 393-404
- ISSN
- 0948-6143 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-119X
- OpenAlex
- W2791609529
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Histochemistry and Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Nature Science Foundation of China (81470719, 81611140133)
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR201702180144)
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622220)
- construction engineering special fund of “Taishan Scholars” (ts201511106)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Keywords
- mesenchymal stem cells, bone regeneration, inflammation, bone remodeling, immunosuppression, inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, bone loss, osteoporosis, periodontitis, avascular necrosis, arthritis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Regeneration, Humans, Inflammation, Cytokines, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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