Skeletal muscle signaling response to sprint exercise in men and women
Open accessAbstract
To determine if there is a sex dimorphism in the skeletal muscle signaling response to sprint exercise, 17 men and ten women performed a 30-s Wingate test. Muscle biopsies were taken before, immediately after the exercise and at 30 and 120 min during the recovery period. Thr(172)-AMPKα, Ser(221)-ACCβ, Thy(705)-STAT3, Thr(202)/Thy(204)-ERK1/2 and Thr(180)/Thy(182)-p38MAPK phosphorylation responses to sprint exercise were not statistically different between men and women. AMPKα phosphorylation was enhanced fourfold 30 min after the sprint exercise in males and females (P < 0.01). ACCβ phosphorylation was enhanced by about threefold just after the sprint test exercise and 30 min into the recovery period in males and females (P < 0.01). STAT3 phosphorylation was increased 2 h after the Wingate test compared to the value observed right after the end of the exercise (P < 0.05), and 30 min after the Wingate test there was a 2.5-fold increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, compared to both the pre-exercise and to the value observed right after the Wingate test (both, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the skeletal muscle signaling response to a single bout of sprint exercise mediated by AMPK, ACC, STAT3, ERK and p38MAPK is not statistically different between men and women. Marked increases in AMPKα, ACCβ, STAT3 and ERK phosphorylation were observed after a single 30-s all-out sprint (Wingate test) in the vastus lateralis.
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Several studies reported increased mRNA abundance of cell membrane-bound lipid-binding proteins (CD36, FABP[pm], FABP[c]) in skeletal muscle after exercise.
“Several studies examined sex-specific differences in molecular regulators of lipid metabolism and reported an increase in mRNA abundance related to cell membrane-bound lipid-binding proteins (CD36, FABP[pm] and FABP[c]) in skeletal muscle after exercise.”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Results and Limitations sections (page not provided) show that the paper examined exercise-induced skeletal-muscle signaling in men and women, including AMPK and ACC phosphorylation. They do not report increased mRNA abundance of CD36, FABP(pm), or FABP(c); the methods describe protein phosphorylation measurements instead. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcute exercise did not significantly affect VLCAD transcript numbers in either sex.
“Acute exercise did not significantly affect VLCAD transcript numbers in either sex (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Results passages report phosphorylation responses to sprint exercise, and the Limitations section summarizes signaling and leptin findings; neither reports VLCAD transcript numbers. Searches for VLCAD and for very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA or gene expression found no passage addressing the claimed result. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredResting GLUT4 protein levels are similar in men and women, but post-exercise GLUT4 mRNA expression is greater in men than women during the follicular phase.
“Although resting GLUT4 protein levels are reported to be similar in men and women (255), post-exercise GLUT4 mRNA expression is greater in men compared to women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
Citation 244 is attached to the post-exercise GLUT4 mRNA claim; the resting GLUT4 protein claim has a different citation. Our copy’s Western blot analysis describes measurements of AMPK, ACC, STAT3, ERK1/2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation, while the Results report those signaling responses rather than GLUT4 mRNA. Searches for GLUT4 and the follicular phase found no passage addressing the attributed comparison. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe increase in lipid-binding protein mRNA after exercise was greater in women, but FFA uptake across the leg was similar in men and women.
“Although this increase was greater in women (194, 244), FFA uptake across the leg was reported similar in both men and women (176).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The cited paper’s General procedures describe muscle biopsies and blood sampling, while its Performance level and muscle signaling section mentions free fatty acids only in relation to circulating leptin. Searches for FFA uptake across the leg and arteriovenous measurements found no passage comparing uptake in men and women. The greater mRNA increase is attached to other citations in the citing sentence, so it is not judged here. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA single study indicated that after acute exercise, women in the follicular phase had greater hexokinase II mRNA abundance than men, while men had increased transcript levels of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase.
“A single study indicated that following acute exercise, women in the follicular phase displayed greater hexokinase II mRNA abundance compared to men, whereas men exhibited increased transcript levels of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Western blot analysis section describes measurements of protein phosphorylation, and the Results section reports those responses after a sprint; neither addresses the claimed transcript differences. Searches for hexokinase II, the follicular phase, glycogen phosphorylase, and phosphofructokinase found no passage reporting the claimed mRNA findings. The paper’s finding of comparable phosphorylation responses does not establish a contrary result for mRNA abundance. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Women displayed greater TFP-α mRNA content than men, and this pattern remained consistent post-exercise.
“Women displayed greater trifunctional protein alpha (TFP-α) mRNA content compared to men, and this pattern remained consistent post-exercise (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Abstract and the exercise-response results (page unavailable) report protein phosphorylation and leptin measurements, not TFP-α mRNA content. Searches for TFP, trifunctional protein alpha, and mRNA expression found no passage addressing whether women had higher TFP-α mRNA before or after exercise. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAfter acute exercise, muscle PPAR-α transcript abundance increased more in women, while PPAR-γ remained similar between sexes.
“Following acute exercise, the muscle transcript abundance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) notably increased more in women, while PPAR-γ remained similar between both sexes (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Abstract and results section report sex comparisons for AMPK, ACC, STAT3, ERK and p38MAPK phosphorylation after sprint exercise, not PPAR transcript abundance. Searches for PPAR-α, PPAR-γ and their mRNA expression found only references to PPAR-related coactivators, with no passage addressing either claimed transcript response. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSkeletal muscle CPT I transcript abundance increased more in women, while CPT-II mRNA concentration was steady and equivalent in both sexes.
“Increase in skeletal muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I transcript abundance was greater in women, while CPT-II mRNA concentration was steady and equivalent in both sexes (244).”
From Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans (2025) · cites this paper as [244]
The Abstract and Western blot analysis describe measurements of signaling-protein phosphorylation, not CPT-I or CPT-II transcripts. Searches of our full-text copy for carnitine palmitoyltransferase, CPT-I/CPT-II, and mRNA found no passage addressing the claimed sex differences or steady CPT-II concentration. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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References 75 · Cited by 36
- Authors
- Fuentes, T., Guerra, B., Ponce-González, J. G., Morales-Alamo, D., Guadalupe-Grau, A., Olmedillas, H., Rodríguez-García, L., Feijoo, D., De Pablos-Velasco, P., Fernández-Pérez, L., Santana, A., & Calbet, J. A. L.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ES)
- Venue
- European Journal of Applied Physiology
- Published
- 2011-09-18
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1917-1927
- ISSN
- 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-6319
- 1439-6327
- OpenAlex
- W2044032855
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hispana (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Consultation of the Doctoral Thesis Database (TESEO) (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- UVaDOC UVaDOC University of Valladolid Documentary Repository (University of Valladolid) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fundación Canaria de Investigación y Salud (PI/10/07)
- Universidad Europea de Madrid
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC 2009-07)
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- sex differences, sprint exercise, AMPK, ACC, STAT3, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, protein phosphorylation, Wingate test, vastus lateralis, post-exercise recovery
- MeSH terms
- Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, Adult, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Phosphorylation, Running, Sex Characteristics, Signal Transduction, Muscle, Skeletal, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, STAT3 Transcription Factor, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Young Adult
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