Frequency-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation regulates ATP synthesis in pancreatic β cells
Open accessAbstract
Pancreatic β cells respond to increases in glucose concentration with enhanced metabolism, the closure of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels and electrical spiking. The latter results in oscillatory Ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels and the activation of insulin release. The relationship between changes in cytosolic and mitochondrial free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt and [Ca(2+)]mit, respectively) during these cycles is poorly understood. Importantly, the activation of Ca(2+)-sensitive intramitochondrial dehydrogenases, occurring alongside the stimulation of ATP consumption required for Ca(2+) pumping and other processes, may exert complex effects on cytosolic ATP/ADP ratios and hence insulin secretion. To explore the relationship between these parameters in single primary β cells, we have deployed cytosolic (Fura red, Indo1) or green fluorescent protein-based recombinant-targeted (Pericam, 2mt8RP for mitochondria; D4ER for the ER) probes for Ca(2+) and cytosolic ATP/ADP (Perceval) alongside patch-clamp electrophysiology. We demonstrate that: (1) blockade of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake by shRNA-mediated silencing of the uniporter MCU attenuates glucose- and essentially blocks tolbutamide-stimulated, insulin secretion; (2) during electrical stimulation, mitochondria decode cytosolic Ca(2+) oscillation frequency as stable increases in [Ca(2+)]mit and cytosolic ATP/ADP; (3) mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake rates remained constant between individual spikes, arguing against activity-dependent regulation ("plasticity") and (4) the relationship between [Ca(2+)]cyt and [Ca(2+)]mit is essentially unaffected by changes in endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]ER). Our findings thus highlight new aspects of Ca(2+) signalling in β cells of relevance to the actions of both glucose and sulphonylureas.
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Ca2+ import into mitochondria is mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), and silencing MCU in β-cells reduces the increase in intracellular ATP/ADP produced by glucose.
“Ca2+ import into the mitochondria is mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) and silencing MCU in β-cells reduces the increase in intracellular ATP/ADP produced by glucose (676).”
From Pancreatic β-Cell Electrical Activity and Insulin Secretion: Of Mice and Men (2018) · cites this paper as [676]
The Discussion section, “Role of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport mediated by MCU in the control of insulin secretion” (page not available), identifies MCU as mediating mitochondrial Ca2+ transport and says MCU silencing sharply reduced the second phase of the glucose-induced ATP/ADP increase in β cells. It also says the first-phase ATP increase was unaffected, a qualification missing from the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredInitiation of electrical activity is associated with a transient drop in the cytoplasmic ATP/ADP ratio.
“They show that initiation of electrical activity is associated with a transient drop in the cytoplasmic ATP/ADP ratio (676, 677).”
From Pancreatic β-Cell Electrical Activity and Insulin Secretion: Of Mice and Men (2018) · cites this paper as [676]
The Results section, “Cytosolic ATP/ADP increases are controlled by electrical bursting and [Ca2+]cyt oscillation frequency” (page unavailable), reports a transient drop when bursts were imposed at 4 min−1. The claim omits that frequency condition: imposed oscillations at 1 min−1 had no discernible effect on the cytosolic ATP/ADP ratio. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Cites
The versatility and universality of calcium signalling
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“…et al., 2014), where the TCA cycle–dependent generation of NADH promotes the export of H+ from the mitochondrial matrix by the electron transport chain, and then generation of ATP from ADP by ATP synthase, which itself appears dependent on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake (Tarasov et al., 2013).”
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- Authors
- Tarasov, A. I., Semplici, F., Li, D., Rizzuto, R., Ravier, M. A., Gilon, P., & Rutter, G. A.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- UCLouvain (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Rutter, Guy A.
- Venue
- Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology
- Published
- 2012-11-14
- Volume
- 465
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 543-554
- ISSN
- 0031-6768 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2013
- PMC
- PMC3631125
- OpenAlex
- W2129483239
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 5.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B)) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Yale University
- Wellcome Trust (098424, WT098424AIA, 081958, 081958/Z/07/Z)
- University of Bristol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Medical Research Council (MR/K001981/1)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/J015873/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Keywords
- pancreatic beta cells, mitochondrial calcium uptake, ATP production, cytosolic calcium oscillations, ATP/ADP ratio, insulin secretion, voltage-gated calcium channels, sulfonylureas, tolbutamide, endoplasmic reticulum calcium, glucose signaling, calcium signaling
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Calcium, Cells, Cultured, Cytosol, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Female, Glucose, Insulin, Mitochondria, Calcium Channels, Calcium Signaling, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Mice
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