Genes and human elite athletic performance

MacArthur, Daniel G.; North, Kathryn N.

doi:10.1007/s00439-005-1261-8

Cited by 229Genetics and Physical PerformanceGenetic Associations and EpidemiologyGenetic and phenotypic traits in livestock

Genes and human elite athletic performance

MacArthur, Daniel G., North, Kathryn N.·2005·Human Genetics

DOI 10.1007/s00439-005-1261-8

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Abstract

Physical fitness is a complex phenotype influenced by a myriad of environmental and genetic factors, and variation in human physical performance and athletic ability has long been recognised as having a strong heritable component. Recently, the development of technology for rapid DNA sequencing and genotyping has allowed the identification of some of the individual genetic variations that contribute to athletic performance. This review will examine the evidence that has accumulated over the last three decades for a strong genetic influence on human physical performance, with an emphasis on two sets of physical traits, viz. cardiorespiratory and skeletal muscle function, which are particularly important for performance in a variety of sports. We will then review recent studies that have identified individual genetic variants associated with variation in these traits and the polymorphisms that have been directly associated with elite athlete status. Finally, we explore the scientific implications of our rapidly growing understanding of the genetic basis of variation in performance.

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From Defining Training and Performance Caliber: A Participant Classification Framework (2022) · cites this paper as [21]

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Role of Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes on Muscular and Cardiorespiratory Endurance
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Genomic Scan for Exercise Blood Pressure in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study
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Defining Training and Performance Caliber: A Participant Classification Framework
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Genome-Wide Linkage Scan for Athlete Status in 700 British Female DZ Twin Pairs
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Toward a Science of Exceptional Achievement
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AVPR1a and SLC6A4 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Creative Dance Performance
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Genes for Elite Power and Sprint Performance: ACTN3 Leads the Way
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Self-citation
Impact of Environmental Parameters on Marathon Running Performance
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Effect of ACTN3 Gene on Strength and Endurance in Soccer Players
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Has Athletic Performance Reached its Peak?
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Bioenergetic provision of energy for muscular activity
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Distance Running as an Ideal Domain for Demonstrating a Sex Difference in Enduring Competitiveness
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Exertional Rhabdomyolysis
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Potential Use of Gene Transfer in Athletic Performance Enhancement
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Epigenetics in Sports
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Genetic Influences on Physiological and Subjective Responses to an Aerobic Exercise Session among Sedentary Adults
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What makes a champion?
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Genetic selection of athletic success in sport-hunting dogs
Kim, J., Williams, F. J., Dreger, D. L., Plassais, J., Davis, B. W., Parker, H. G., & Ostrander, E. A. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1800455115 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Debating Giftedness: Pronat vs. Antinat
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Conventional and Genetic Talent Identification in Sports: Will Recent Developments Trace Talent?
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Genetics of muscle strength and power: Polygenic profile similarity limits skeletal muscle performance
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ACTN3 Genotyping by Real-Time PCR in the Italian Population and Athletes
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Nine genetic polymorphisms associated with power athlete status – A Meta-Analysis
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Association of the ACTN3 R577X (rs1815739) polymorphism with elite power sports: A meta-analysis
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Marathon progress: demography, morphology and environment
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The COL5A1 Gene
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Genetics and sport performance: current challenges and directions to the future
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Self-citation
Vitamin D and Athletic Performance: The Potential Role of Muscle
Hamilton, B. H. (2011) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.34736 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Evaluation of gene polymorphisms in exercise-induced oxidative stress and damage
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Effects of Genetic Variation on Endurance Performance, Muscle Strength, and Injury Susceptibility in Sports: A Systematic Review
Appel, M., Zentgraf, K., Krüger, K., & Alack, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.694411 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Equine performance genes and the future of doping in horseracing
Wilkin, T., Baoutina, A., & Hamilton, N. A. (2017) · Drug Testing and Analysis · doi:10.1002/dta.2198 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Are Change of Direction Speed and Reactive Agility Useful for Determining the Optimal Field Position for Young Soccer Players?
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Authors: MacArthur, D. G., & North, K. N.
Affiliations: Children's Hospital at Westmead (AU)
The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: North, Kathryn N.
ORCID: MacArthur, Daniel G.
North, Kathryn N.
Venue: Human Genetics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2005-02-22
Volume: 116
Issue: 5
Pages: 331-339
ISSN: 0018-7348 (ISSN-L)
0340-6717
1432-1203
DOI: 10.1007/s00439-005-1261-8
OpenAlex: W1966331109
Cited by: 229
References: 112
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 0.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
Keywords: genetic variants, cardiopulmonary function, skeletal muscle function, genetic polymorphism, sports genetics, physical fitness
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena, Genotype, Humans, Physical Fitness, Polymorphism, Genetic, Respiratory Physiological Phenomena, Sports, Genetic Variation, Case-Control Studies, Muscle, Skeletal

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Genes and human elite athletic performance

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