The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the healthy brain
Open accessAbstract
Glutamate is the most abundant free amino acid in the brain and is at the crossroad between multiple metabolic pathways. Considering this, it was a surprise to discover that glutamate has excitatory effects on nerve cells, and that it can excite cells to their death in a process now referred to as "excitotoxicity". This effect is due to glutamate receptors present on the surface of brain cells. Powerful uptake systems (glutamate transporters) prevent excessive activation of these receptors by continuously removing glutamate from the extracellular fluid in the brain. Further, the blood-brain barrier shields the brain from glutamate in the blood. The highest concentrations of glutamate are found in synaptic vesicles in nerve terminals from where it can be released by exocytosis. In fact, glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It took, however, a long time to realize that. The present review provides a brief historical description, gives a short overview of glutamate as a transmitter in the healthy brain, and comments on the so-called glutamate-glutamine cycle. The glutamate transporters responsible for the glutamate removal are described in some detail.
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Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels: Structure, Regulation, and Function
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β-Lactam antibiotics offer neuroprotection by increasing glutamate transporter expression
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Redox imbalance in cystine/glutamate transporter-deficient mice
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From glutamate co-release to vesicular synergy: vesicular glutamate transporters
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Zirngibl, M., Assinck, P., Sizov, A., Caprariello, A. V., & Plemel, J. R. (2022) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-022-00538-8 · Cited by 233
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhou, Y., & Danbolt, N. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Neural Transmission
- Published
- 2014-03-01
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 799-817
- ISSN
- 0300-9564 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-1463
- OpenAlex
- W2104522961
- Cited by
- 979
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 9.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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