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Utilization of amino acids by bacteria from the pig small intestine
Abstract
This study determined the utilization of amino acids (AA) by bacteria from the lumen of the pig small intestine. Digesta samples from different segments of the small intestine were inoculated into media containing 10 mmol/L each of select AA (L-lysine, L-threonine, L-arginine, L-glutamate, L-histidine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-proline, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine or L-tryptophan) and incubated for 24 h. The previous 24-h culture served as an inoculum for a subsequent 24-h subculture during each of 30 subcultures. Results of the in vitro cultivation experiment indicated that the 24-h disappearance rates for lysine, arginine, threonine, glutamate, leucine, isoleucine, valine or histidine were 50-90% in the duodenum, jejunum or ileum groups. After 30 subcultures, the 24-h disappearance rates for lysine, threonine, arginine or glutamate remained greater than 50%. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that Streptococcus sp., Mitsuokella sp., and Megasphaera elsdenii-like bacteria were predominant in subcultures for utilizing lysine, threonine, arginine and glutamate. In contrast, Klebsiella sp. was not a major user of arginine or glutamate. Furthermore, analysis of AA composition and the incorporation of AA into polypeptides indicated that protein synthesis was a major pathway for AA metabolism in all the bacteria studied. The current work identified the possible predominant bacterial species responsible for AA metabolism in the pig small intestine. The findings provide a new framework for future studies to characterize the metabolic fate of AA in intestinal microbes and define their nutritional significance for both animals and humans.
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“Additionally, BCAAs can be utilized by microbes, potentially regulating intestinal microbial species, diversity, and metabolism (333, 334).”
From Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (2023) · cites this paper as [333]
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- Zhang J (2009) Isolation and identification of amino acid utilizing bacteria from the porcine small intestine. Thesis, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dai, Z.-L., Zhang, J., Wu, G., & Zhu, W.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing Agricultural University (CN)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Venue
- Amino Acids
- Published
- 2010-03-19
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1201-1215
- ISSN
- 0939-4451 (ISSN-L)
- 1438-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2021934488
- Cited by
- 246
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 16.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Amino Acids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Texas AgriLife Research
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Keywords
- amino acid utilization, intestinal bacteria, pig small intestine, amino acid metabolism, lysine, L-arginine, glutamate, threonine, protein synthesis, Streptococcus, Mitsuokella, Megasphaera elsdenii, Klebsiella, bacterial community composition
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acids, Animals, Bacteria, Intestine, Small, Swine, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
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