The DOI matches its Crossref record; 101 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Amfetamine and methylphenidate medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: complementary treatment options
Open accessAbstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders among school-aged children. It is highly symptomatic and associated with significant impairment. This review examines the role of stimulant medications in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. Published clinical studies that compared methylphenidate- and amfetamine-based stimulants in children and adolescents with ADHD support the therapeutic utility of stimulant treatments, and suggest robust efficacy and acceptable safety outcomes in groups treated with either stimulant. Evidence-based guidelines agree that each patient with ADHD is unique and individual treatment strategies that incorporate both drug and non-drug treatment options should be sought. In seeking to optimize individual response and outcomes to stimulant therapy, important considerations include the selection of stimulant class, the choice of long- or short-acting stimulant formulations, addressing effectively any emergent adverse effects and strategies aimed at enhancing adherence to dosing regimen and persistence on therapy.
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![Fig. 2 Effect sizes and confidence intervals for ADHD-RS and CGI outcomes in children. Black diamonds and horizontal black lines represent standardized mean difference effect sizes and 95 % confidence intervals, respectively. Pooled results are depicted as open diamonds with the effect size in the centre of the diamond and the 95 % confidence intervals depicted by the left and right extremities of the diamond. ADHD-RS attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder rating scale, CGI clinical global impressions of ADHD severity, LDX lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, MAS mixed amfetamine salts, MPH methylphenidate, OROS osmotic release oral system, TS transdermal system. Figure adapted from Faraone [37], with permission](/paper-figures/a4a1c551f02844c9b6d639bb5de7c8a5/amfetamine-and-methylphenidate-medications-for-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-figure-2.jpg)
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“In addition, several studies have demonstrated that, although the overall response to MPH and amfetamine is similar, the response to each varies among individual patients, and non-response to one class of psychostimulant does not predict non-response to a second [32].”
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Cites
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A Review of Heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Luo, Y., Weibman, D., Halperin, J. M., & Li, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00042 · Cited by 394
Associations of sleep disturbance with ADHD: implications for treatment
Hvolby, A. (2015) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-014-0151-0 · Cited by 339
Evidence-based pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents
Mechler, K., Banaschewski, T., Hohmann, S., & Häge, A. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107940 · Cited by 293
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Setnik, B., McDonnell, M., Mills, C., Scart‐Grès, C., Robert, P., Dayno, J. M., & Schwartz, J.-C. (2019) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz252 · Cited by 189
Metadata
- Authors
- Hodgkins, P., Shaw, M., Coghill, D., & Hechtman, L.
- Affiliations
- Norgine (United Kingdom) (GB)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Montreal Children's Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hodgkins, Paul
- Venue
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Published
- 2012-07-05
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 477-492
- ISSN
- 1018-8827 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-165X
- PMC
- PMC3432777
- OpenAlex
- W2117621614
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, amphetamine, methylphenidate, stimulant medication, children and adolescents, treatment efficacy, drug safety, medication adherence, non-pharmacological treatment, personalized treatment
- MeSH terms
- Amphetamine, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Humans, Methylphenidate, Treatment Outcome
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