Prognostic factors for long-term improvement from stroke-related aphasia with adequate linguistic rehabilitation
Open accessAbstract
In the past decade, several studies have reported potential prognostic factors for aphasia after stroke. However, these reports covered no more than 1 year after stroke onset, even though patients often continue to improve over longer periods. The present study included 121 patients with aphasia who received cognitive-based linguistic rehabilitation for at least 2 years post-onset. All were right-handed and had a lesion only in the left hemisphere. Aphasia outcome was predicted using multiple linear regression analysis. Age at onset, lesion in the left superior temporal gyrus including Wernicke's area, and baseline linguistic abilities including aphasia severity and both phonological and semantic functions were significant predictors of long-term aphasia outcome. These findings suggest that the long-term outcome of aphasia following adequate linguistic rehabilitation can be predicted by age at onset, lesion area, and baseline linguistic abilities and that linguistic rehabilitation is particularly recommended for younger individuals with aphasia.
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Aphasia severity influences inter-individual variability in treated language improvement in post-stroke aphasia.
“It is well established that inter-individual variability in TLI in post-stroke aphasia is influenced by an array of factors, including, but not limited to, age12–15, education16–19, aphasia severity11,14,15,20,21, baseline cognitive abilities13,22,23, and, specific to bPWA, bilingual language experience and language of treatment (e.g., whether therapy is delivered in L1 or L2)24,25.”
From Machine Learning Predictions of Recovery in Bilingual Poststroke Aphasia: Aligning Insights With Clinical Evidence (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
Age influences inter-individual variability in treated language improvement in post-stroke aphasia.
“It is well established that inter-individual variability in TLI in post-stroke aphasia is influenced by an array of factors, including, but not limited to, age12–15, education16–19, aphasia severity11,14,15,20,21, baseline cognitive abilities13,22,23, and, specific to bPWA, bilingual language experience and language of treatment (e.g., whether therapy is delivered in L1 or L2)24,25.”
From Machine Learning Predictions of Recovery in Bilingual Poststroke Aphasia: Aligning Insights With Clinical Evidence (2025) · cites this paper as [15]
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Scimeca, M., Peñaloza, C., & Kiran, S. (2024) · Bilingualism: Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728923000391 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
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“Although aligning with research in monolingual 11,14,15,20,21 and bilingual aphasia, 7,10,29 our findings diverge from the results of a recent meta-analysis.”
- Authors
- Nakagawa, Y., Sano, Y., Funayama, M., & Kato, M.
- Affiliations
- Edogawa Hospital (JP)
- Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Nakagawa, Yoshitaka
- Venue
- Neurological Sciences
- Published
- 2019-06-10
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2141-2146
- ISSN
- 1590-1874 (ISSN-L)
- 1590-3478
- PMC
- PMC6745027
- OpenAlex
- W2952104624
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neurological Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- prognostic factors, age of onset, left superior temporal gyrus, Wernicke's area, aphasia severity, semantic functions, left hemisphere stroke
- MeSH terms
- Stroke Rehabilitation, Adult, Aged, Aphasia, Female, Humans, Language Therapy, Linguistics, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies
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