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Enhanced oxidative stress resistance in Ustilago maydis and its implications on the virulence
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Abstract
The phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis causes corn smut by suppressing host plant defenses, including the oxidative burst response. While many studies have investigated how U. maydis responds to oxidative stress during infection, the consequences of heightened resistance to oxidative stress on virulence remain understudied. This study aimed to identify the effects on virulence in U. maydis strains exhibiting enhanced resistance to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). To achieve this, we exposed U. maydis SG200 to 20 escalating H 2 O 2 shocks, resulting in an adapted strain resistant to concentrations as high as 60 mM of H 2 O 2 , a lethal dose for the initial strain. Genetic analysis of the adapted strain revealed five nucleotide substitutions, two minor copy number variants, and a large amplification event on chromosome nine (1–149 kb) encompassing the sole catalase gene. Overexpressing catalase increased resistance to H 2 O 2 ; however, this resistance was lower than that observed in the adapted strain. Additionally, virulence was reduced in both strains with enhanced H 2 O 2 resistance. In summary, enhanced H 2 O 2 resistance, achieved through either continuous exposure to the oxidative agent or through catalase overexpression, decreased virulence. This suggests that the response to the oxidative stress burst in U. maydis is optimal and that increasing the resistance to H 2 O 2 does not translate into increased virulence. These findings illuminate the intricate relationship between oxidative stress resistance and virulence in U. maydis , offering insights into its infection mechanisms.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cuamatzi-Flores, J., Colón-González, M., Requena-Romo, F., Quiñones-Galeana, S., Cervantes-Chávez, J. A., & Morales, L.
- Affiliations
- Autonomous University of Queretaro (MX)
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- Corresponding author
- Cuamatzi-Flores, Jorge
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Microbiology
- Published
- 2024-02-24
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1501-1511
- ISSN
- 1139-6709 (ISSN-L)
- 1618-1905
- PMC
- PMC11452521
- OpenAlex
- W4392135996
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
- Locations
- International Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- UAQ-FOPER (FCN02469)
- CONCYTEQ (NT/21/2022)
- CONAHCYT (Doctoral fellowship 735110, CF-103000)
- DAAD (91835730)
- UNAM-PAPIIT (IN209021)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Keywords
- Ustilago maydis, corn smut, oxidative stress resistance, hydrogen peroxide resistance, fungal virulence, catalase overexpression, respiratory burst, host defense suppression, copy number variation, adaptive evolution
- MeSH terms
- Basidiomycota, Catalase, Zea mays, Fungal Proteins, Hydrogen Peroxide, Plant Diseases, Ustilago, Virulence, Oxidative Stress
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