Simulation for skills training in neurosurgery: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and analysis of progressive scholarly acceptance

Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks

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Mask R-CNN

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Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews.

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Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement

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Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury

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Mask r-cnn

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Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

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Association Between Funding and Quality of Published Medical Education Research

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Appraising the Quality of Medical Education Research Methods: The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale-Education

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Global neurosurgery: the current capacity and deficit in the provision of essential neurosurgical care. Executive Summary of the Global Neurosurgery Initiative at the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change

Dewan, M. C., Rattani, A., Fieggen, G. A. G., Arráez, M. Á. E., Servadei, F., Boop, F. A., Johnson, W. D., Warf, B. C., & Park, K. B. (2018) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2017.11.jns171500 · Cited by 649

Review of methods for objective surgical skill evaluation

Reiley, C. E., Lin, H., Yuh, D. D., & Hager, G. D. (2010) · Surgical Endoscopy · doi:10.1007/s00464-010-1190-z · Cited by 251

The role of three-dimensional printed models of skull in anatomy education: a randomized controlled trail

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Using 3D Printing to Create Personalized Brain Models for Neurosurgical Training and Preoperative Planning

Ploch, C. C., Mansi, C. S. S. A., Jayamohan, J., & Ellen Kuhl, A. (2016) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2016.02.081 · Cited by 196

Effect of an Immersive Preoperative Virtual Reality Experience on Patient Reported Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Bekelis, K., Calnan, D., Simmons, N., MacKenzie, T. A., & Kakoulides, G. (2017) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000002094 · Cited by 192

Virtual Reality Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping Simulation With Real-Time Haptic Feedback

Alaraj, A. M., Luciano, C., Bailey, D. P., Elsenousi, A., Roitberg, B. Z., Bernardo, A., Banerjee, P. P., & Charbel, F. T. (2015) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000583 · Cited by 185

An introduction and overview of machine learning in neurosurgical care

Senders, J. T., Zaki, M. M., Karhade, A. V., Chang, B., Gormley, W. B., Broekman, M. L., Smith, T. R., & Arnaout, O. (2018) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-017-3385-8 · Cited by 178

The use of simulation in neurosurgical education and training

Kirkman, M. A., Ahmed, M., Albert, A. F., Wilson, M. H., Nandi, D., & Sevdalis, N. (2014) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2014.5.jns131766 · Cited by 174

Sparse Hidden Markov Models for Surgical Gesture Classification and Skill Evaluation

Tao, L., Elhamifar, E., Khudanpur, S. P., Hager, G. D., & Vidal, R. (2012) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30618-1_17 · Cited by 159

The Pipeline Embolization Device

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Three-dimensional printing models improve understanding of spinal fracture—A randomized controlled study in China

Li, Z., Li, Z., Rui-yu, X., Li, M., Li, J., Liu, Y., Sui, D., Zhang, W., & Chen, Z. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep11570 · Cited by 138

Neurosurgery Simulation in Residency Training

Gasco, J., Holbrook, T. J., Patel, A. P., Smith, A., Paulson, D., Muns, A., Desai, S. K., Moisi, M. D., KUO, Y.-F., Macdonald, B., et al. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000102 · Cited by 133

Fundamentals of Neurosurgery: Virtual Reality Tasks for Training and Evaluation of Technical Skills

Choudhury, N., Gélinas-Phaneuf, N., Delorme, S., & Maestro, R. F. D. (2012) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2012.08.022 · Cited by 133

Autonomic responses during motion sickness induced by virtual reality

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Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping Surgery Simulation Using Patient-Specific 3D Printing and Silicone Casting

Ryan, J. R., Almefty, K. K., Nakaji, P., & Frakes, D. H. (2016) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2015.12.102 · Cited by 131

Virtual reality spine surgery simulation: an empirical study of its usefulness

Gasco, J., Patel, A. P., Ortega-Barnett, J. R., Branch, D. W., Desai, S. K., KUO, Y.-F., Luciano, C., Rizzi, S., Kania, P., Matuyauskas, M., et al. (2014) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1179/1743132814y.0000000388 · Cited by 124

Learning Retention of Thoracic Pedicle Screw Placement Using a High-Resolution Augmented Reality Simulator With Haptic Feedback

Luciano, C., Banerjee, P. P., Bellotte, J. B., Oh, G. M., Lemole, M., Charbel, F. T., & Roitberg, B. Z. (2011) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e31821954ed · Cited by 119

Practice on an Augmented Reality/Haptic Simulator and Library of Virtual Brains Improves Residents’ Ability to Perform a Ventriculostomy

Yudkowsky, R., Luciano, C., Banerjee, P. P., Schwartz, A., Alaraj, A. M., Lemole, G. M., Charbel, F. T., Smith, K. M., Rizzi, S., Byrne, R. W., et al. (2013) · Simulation in Healthcare The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare · doi:10.1097/sih.0b013e3182662c69 · Cited by 115

The Role of Simulation in Neurosurgical Education: A Survey of 99 United States Neurosurgery Program Directors

Ganju, A., Aoun, S. G., Daou, M. R., Ahmadieh, T. Y. E., Chang, A., Wang, L., Batjer, H. H., & Bendok, B. R. (2012) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2012.11.066 · Cited by 109

Mobile Health in Oncology: A Patient Survey About App-Assisted Cancer Care

Kessel, K. A., Vogel, M. M. E., Kessel, C., Bier, H., Biedermann, T., Friess, H., Herschbach, P., von Eisenhart‐Rothe, R., Meyer, B., Kiechle, M. B., et al. (2017) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.7689 · Cited by 104

Motion generation of robotic surgical tasks: Learning from expert demonstrations

Reiley, C. E., Plaku, E., & Hager, G. D. (2010) · Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · doi:10.1109/iembs.2010.5627594 · Cited by 98

Virtual Endoscopy for Planning and Simulation of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

Auer, L. M., Auer, L. M., & Auer, D. P. (1998) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1097/00006123-199809000-00072 · Cited by 96

Perceptions of junior doctors and undergraduate medical students as anatomy teachers: Investigating distance along the near‐peer teaching spectrum

Hall, S., Stephens, J., Andrade, T., Davids, J., Powell, M., & Border, S. (2013) · Anatomical Sciences Education · doi:10.1002/ase.1419 · Cited by 91

Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical Skills: Differentiating Animate Surgical Skill Through the Wisdom of Crowds

Holst, D. D., Kowalewski, T. M., White, L. W., Brand, T. C., Harper, J. D., Sorensen, M. D., Truong, M., Simpson, K. M., Tanaka, A., Smith, R. D., et al. (2015) · Journal of Endourology · doi:10.1089/end.2015.0104 · Cited by 86

Evaluation and Implementation of a High-Fidelity Cleft Palate Simulator

Podolsky, D. J., Fisher, D. M., Wong, K. W., Looi, T., Drake, J. M., & Forrest, C. R. (2016) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000002923 · Cited by 81

The Role of Laboratory Dissection Training in Neurosurgical Residency: Results of a National Survey

Kshettry, V. R., Mullin, J. P., Schlenk, R. P., Recinos, P. F., & Benzel, E. C. (2014) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2014.05.028 · Cited by 80

Virtual Reality–Based Simulation Training for Ventriculostomy

Schirmer, C. M., Elder, J. B., Roitberg, B. Z., & Lobel, D. A. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000074 · Cited by 78

Automatic recognition of surgical motions using statistical modeling for capturing variability.

Reiley, C. E., Lin, H., Varadarajan, B., Vágvölgyi, B., Khudanpur, S., Yuh, D. D., & Hager, G. D. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 78

Practice Makes Perfect? The Role of Simulation-Based Deliberate Practice and Script-Based Mental Rehearsal in the Acquisition and Maintenance of Operative Neurosurgical Skills

Marcus, H. J., Vakharia, V. N., Kirkman, M. A., Murphy, M., & Nandi, D. (2012) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e318270d010 · Cited by 77

Virtual Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping with Real-Time Haptic Force Feedback in Neurosurgical Education

Gmeiner, M., Dirnberger, J., Fenz, W., Gollwitzer, M., Wurm, G., Trenkler, J., & Gruber, A. (2018) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.042 · Cited by 77

Surgical Expertise in Neurosurgery

Gélinas-Phaneuf, N., & Maestro, R. F. D. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000115 · Cited by 75

Percutaneous Spinal Fixation Simulation With Virtual Reality and Haptics

Luciano, C., Banerjee, P. P., Sorenson, J. M., Foley, K. T., Ansari, S. A., Rizzi, S., Germanwala, A. V., KRANZLER, L. I., Chittiboina, P., & Roitberg, B. Z. (2012) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e3182750a8d · Cited by 75

The factor structure of cybersickness

Bruck, S., & Watters, P. (2011) · Displays · doi:10.1016/j.displa.2011.07.002 · Cited by 75

Neurosurgical resident education in Europe—results of a multinational survey

Stienen, M. N., Netuka, D., Demetriades, A. K., Ringel, F. A., Gautschi, O. P., Gempt, J., Kuhlen, D., & Schaller, K. (2015) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-015-2632-0 · Cited by 71

An Experimental Feasibility Study on Robotic Endonasal Telesurgery

Wirz, R., Torres, L. G., Swaney, P. J., Gilbert, H. B., Alterovitz, R., Webster, R. J., III, Weaver, K. D., & Russell, P. T. (2015) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000623 · Cited by 70

The Efficacy of Immersive Virtual Reality Surgical Simulator Training for Pedicle Screw Placement: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Xin, B., Chen, G., Wang, Y., Bai, G., Gao, X., Chu, J., Xiao, J., & Liu, T. (2018) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.12.090 · Cited by 69

Machine Learning Models can Detect Aneurysm Rupture and Identify Clinical Features Associated with Rupture

Silva, M. A., Patel, J., Kavouridis, V. K., Gallerani, T., Beers, A. L., Chang, K., Hoebel, K., Brown, J. M., See, A. P., Gormley, W. B., et al. (2019) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.231 · Cited by 69

Neurosurgical Training With a Novel Cervical Spine Simulator

Harrop, J. S., Rezai, A. R., Hoh, D. J., Ghobrial, G. M., & Sharan, A. D. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000103 · Cited by 68

Teaching Palatoplasty Using a High-Fidelity Cleft Palate Simulator

Cheng, H., Podolsky, D. J., Fisher, D. M., Wong, K. W., Lorenz, H. P., Khosla, R. K., Drake, J. M., & Forrest, C. R. (2017) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000003957 · Cited by 60

Developing an Anterior Cervical Diskectomy and Fusion Simulator for Neurosurgical Resident Training

Ray, W. Z., Ganju, A., Harrop, J. S., & Hoh, D. J. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000088 · Cited by 58

A practical 3D printed simulator for endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery to improve basic operational skills

Wen, G., Cong, Z., Liu, K., Tang, C., Zhong, C., Li, L., Dai, X., & Ma, C. (2016) · Child s Nervous System · doi:10.1007/s00381-016-3051-0 · Cited by 58

The efficacy of immersive virtual reality surgical simulator training for pedicle screw placement: a randomized double-blind controlled trial

Xin, B., Huang, X., Wan, W., Lv, K., Hu, Y., Wang, J., Li, S., Zou, W., Xiao, J., & Liu, T. (2020) · International Orthopaedics · doi:10.1007/s00264-020-04488-y · Cited by 58

Mixed Reality Ventriculostomy Simulation

Hooten, K. G., Lister, J. R., Lombard, G. J., Lizdas, D. E., Lampotang, S., Rajon, D. A., Bova, F. J., & Murad, G. J. A. (2014) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000503 · Cited by 57

Simulator based angiography education in neurosurgery: results of a pilot educational program: Table 1

Fargen, K. M., Siddiqui, A. H., Veznedaroglu, E., Turner, R. D., Ringer, A. J., & Mocco, J. (2011) · Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery · doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010128 · Cited by 55

Use of a surgical rehearsal platform and improvement in aneurysm clipping measures: results of a prospective, randomized trial

Chugh, A. J. S., Pace, J., Singer, J. A., Tatsuoka, C. M., Hoffer, A., Selman, W. R., & Bambakidis, N. C. (2016) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2016.1.jns152576 · Cited by 54

Virtual Reality Angiogram vs 3-Dimensional Printed Angiogram as an Educational tool—A Comparative Study

Bairamian, D., Liu, S., & Eftekhar, B. (2019) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neuros/nyz003 · Cited by 53

The Creation and Verification of Cranial Models Using Three-dimensional Rapid Prototyping Technology in Field of Transnasal Sphenoid Endoscopy

Waran, V., Menon, R., Pancharatnam, D., Rathinam, A. K., Balakrishnan, Y. K., Tung, T. S., Raman, R., Prepageran, N., Chandran, H., & Rahman, Z. A. A. (2012) · American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy · doi:10.2500/ajra.2012.26.3808 · Cited by 52

Comparative effectiveness and safety of image guidance systems in neurosurgery: a preclinical randomized study

Marcus, H. J., Pratt, P., Hughes‐Hallett, A., Cundy, T. P., Marcus, A. P., Yang, G., Darzi, A. W., & Nandi, D. (2015) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2014.10.jns141662 · Cited by 51

Implementing Precision Medicine and Artificial Intelligence in Plastic Surgery: Concepts and Future Prospects

Kim, Y. J., Kelley, B., Nasser, J. S., & Chung, K. C. (2019) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open · doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002113 · Cited by 50

Surgical telementoring: A new model for surgical training

Snyderman, C. H., Gardner, P. A., Lanišnik, B., & Ravnik, J. (2016) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.25753 · Cited by 49

3D printing of intracranial aneurysm based on intracranial digital subtraction angiography and its clinical application

Wang, J.-L., Yuan, Z.-G., Qian, G.-L., Bao, W., & Jin, G. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000011103 · Cited by 49

Use of Google Glass to Enhance Surgical Education of Neurosurgery Residents: “Proof-of-Concept” Study

Nakhla, J. P., Kobets, A. J., Ramos, R. D. L. G., Haranhalli, N., Gelfand, Y. J., Ammar, A., Echt, M., Scoco, A. N., Kinon, M. D., & Yassari, R. (2016) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2016.11.122 · Cited by 48

Simulated Lumbar Minimally Invasive Surgery Educational Model With Didactic and Technical Components

Chitale, R. V., Ghobrial, G. M., Lobel, D. A., & Harrop, J. S. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000091 · Cited by 47

Resident simulation training in endoscopic endonasal surgery utilizing haptic feedback technology

Thawani, J. P., Ramayya, A. G., Abdullah, K. G., Hudgins, E. D., Vaughan, K. A., Piazza, M. A., Madsen, P. J., Buch, V., & Grady, M. S. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2016.05.036 · Cited by 46

Between-trial heterogeneity in meta-analyses may be partially explained by reported design characteristics

Rhodes, K. M., Turner, R., Savović, J., Jones, H. E., Mawdsley, D., & Higgins, J. P. T. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.11.025 · Cited by 46

Usefulness of a Virtual Reality Percutaneous Trigeminal Rhizotomy Simulator in Neurosurgical Training

Shakur, S. F., Luciano, C., Kania, P., Roitberg, B. Z., Banerjee, P. P., Slavin, K. V., Sorenson, J., Charbel, F. T., & Alaraj, A. M. (2015) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000853 · Cited by 43

A High Fidelity Cleft Lip Simulator

Podolsky, D. J., Riff, K. W. Y. W., Drake, J. M., Forrest, C. R., & Fisher, D. M. (2018) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open · doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000001871 · Cited by 42

A Didactic and Hands-on Module Enhances Resident Microsurgical Knowledge and Technical Skill

Ahmadieh, T. Y. E., Aoun, S. G., Tecle, N. E. E., Nanney, A. D., Daou, M. R., Harrop, J. S., Batjer, H. H., & Bendok, B. R. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000104 · Cited by 39

Robotics in Keyhole Transcranial Endoscope-Assisted Microsurgery

Marcus, H. J., Seneci, C., Payne, C. J., Nandi, D., Darzi, A. W., & Yang, G. (2013) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000123 · Cited by 38

Establishment of Next-Generation Neurosurgery Research and Training Laboratory with Integrated Human Performance Monitoring

Bernardo, A. (2017) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.160 · Cited by 38

Effectiveness of the Thoracic Pedicle Screw Placement Using the Virtual Surgical Training System: A Cadaver Study

Hou, Y., Lin, Y., Shi, J., Chen, H., & Yuan, W. (2018) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/ons/opy030 · Cited by 37

Simulated Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Repair

Ghobrial, G. M., Anderson, P. A., Chitale, R. V., Campbell, P. G., Lobel, D. A., & Harrop, J. S. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000100 · Cited by 36

A novel, low-cost, reusable, high-fidelity neurosurgical training simulator for cerebrovascular bypass surgery

Cıkla, U., Şahin, B., Hanalıoğlu, Ş., Ahmed, A. S., Niemann, D., & Başkaya, M. K. (2018) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/2017.11.jns17318 · Cited by 36

Patient-specific neurosurgical phantom: assessment of visual quality, accuracy, and scaling effects

Grillo, F. W., Souza, V. H., Matsuda, R. H., Rondinoni, C., Pavan, T. Z., Baffa, O., Machado, H. R., & Carneiro, A. A. O. (2018) · 3D Printing in Medicine · doi:10.1186/s41205-018-0025-8 · Cited by 35

Increasing motivation and engagement in neurosurgery for medical students through practical simulation-based learning

HANRAHAN, J. G., Sideris, M. C., Tsitsopoulos, P. P., Bimpis, A., Pasha, T., Whitfield, P. C., & Papalois, A. E. (2018) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2018.08.002 · Cited by 35

Sub-millimeter ECoG pitch in human enables higher fidelity cognitive neural state estimation

Hermiz, J., Rogers, N., Kaestner, E. J., Ganji, M., Cleary, D. R., Carter, B. S., Barba, D., Dayeh, S. A., Halgren, E., & Gilja, V. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.027 · Cited by 34

Design of a synthetic simulator for pediatric lumbar spine pathologies

Mattei, T. A., Frank, C. P., Bailey, J., Lesle, E., Macuk, A. L., Lesniak, M., Patel, A., Morris, M. J., Nair, K., & Lin, J. (2013) · Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics · doi:10.3171/2013.4.peds12540 · Cited by 33

Simulation-based Education for Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy: A Comparison Between Virtual and Physical Training Models

Breimer, G. E., Haji, F. A., Bodani, V., Cunningham, M. S., Lopez-Rios, A.-L., Okrainec, A., & Drake, J. M. (2016) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000001317 · Cited by 32

Operator experience determines performance in a simulated computer-based brain tumor resection task

Holloway, T. D., Lorsch, Z. S., Chary, M. A., Sobótka, S., Moore, M. M., Costa, A. B., Maestro, R. F. D., & Bederson, J. B. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11548-015-1160-y · Cited by 31

Comparison of cadaveric and isomorphic virtual haptic simulation in temporal bone training

Wong, D., Unger, B. J., Kraut, J., Pisa, J., Rhodes, C. R., & Hochman, J. B. (2014) · Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1186/s40463-014-0031-9 · Cited by 31

A pilot study of the utility of a laboratory-based spinal fixation training program for neurosurgical residents

Sundar, S. J., Healy, A. T., Kshettry, V. R., Mroz, T. E., Schlenk, R. P., & Benzel, E. C. (2016) · Journal of Neurosurgery Spine · doi:10.3171/2015.8.spine15119 · Cited by 30

Teaching Palatoplasty Using a High-Fidelity Cleft Palate Simulator

Pang, X., Yang, C., Shi, B., & Li, C. (2018) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000005030 · Cited by 30

Filling the gap between the OR and virtual simulation: a European study on a basic neurosurgical procedure

European Neurosurgery Simulation Study Group (ENSSG), Perin, A., Galbiati, T. F., Gambatesa, E., Ayadi, R., Orena, E. F., Cuomo, V., Riker, N. I., Falsitta, L. V., Schembari, S., et al. (2018) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-018-3676-8 · Cited by 30

Virtual Reality Tumor Resection: The Force Pyramid Approach

Sawaya, R., Bugdadi, A., Azarnoush, H., Winkler-Schwartz, A., Alotaibi, F. E., Bajunaid, K. M., AlZhrani, G. A., Alsideiri, G., Sabbagh, A. J., & Maestro, R. F. D. (2017) · Operative Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/ons/opx189 · Cited by 29

Automaticity of Force Application During Simulated Brain Tumor Resection: Testing the Fitts and Posner Model

Bugdadi, A., Sawaya, R., Olwi, D. I., AlZhrani, G. A., Azarnoush, H., Sabbagh, A. J., Alsideiri, G., Bajunaid, K. M., Alotaibi, F. E., Winkler-Schwartz, A., et al. (2017) · Journal of surgical education · doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.06.018 · Cited by 28

Cadaver Dissection in Anatomy: The Ethical Aspect

Shaikh, S. T. (2015) · Anatomy & Physiology · doi:10.4172/2161-0940.s5-007 · Cited by 27

Neurosurgical tactile discrimination training with haptic-based virtual reality simulation

Patel, A. P., Koshy, N., Ortega-Barnett, J. R., Chan, H. C., KUO, Y.-F., Luciano, C., Rizzi, S., Matulyauskas, M., Kania, P., Banerjee, P. P., et al. (2014) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1179/1743132814y.0000000405 · Cited by 26

Cadaveric Spinal Surgery Simulation: A Comparison of Cadaver Types

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