Thermal imaging of exercise-associated skin temperature changes in trained and untrained female subjects
Abstract
Heat dissipation during sport exercise is an important physiological mechanism that may influence athletic performance. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that differences exist in the dynamics of exercise-associated skin temperature changes between trained and untrained subjects. We investigated thermoregulation of a local muscle area (muscle-tendon unit) involved in a localized steady-load exercise (standing heels raise) using infrared thermography. Seven trained female subjects and seven untrained female controls were studied. Each subject performed standing heels raise exercise for 2 min. Thermal images were recorded prior to exercise (1 min), during exercise (2 min), and after exercise (7 min). The analysis of thermal images provided the skin temperature time course, which was characterized by a set of descriptive parameters. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures detected a significant interaction (p = 0.03) between group and time, thus indicating that athletic subjects increased their skin temperature differently with respect to untrained subjects. This was confirmed by comparing the parameters describing the speed of rise of skin temperature. It was found that trained subjects responded to exercise more quickly than untrained controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, physical training improves the ability to rapidly elevate skin temperature in response to a localized exercise in female subjects.
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Regular exercise seems to improve thermoregulation.
“while regular exercise seems to improve it [32,33].”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Formenti, D., Ludwig, N., Gargano, M., Gondola, M., Dellerma, N., Caumo, A., & Alberti, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Formenti, Damiano
- Venue
- Annals of Biomedical Engineering
- Published
- 2012-12-11
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 863-871
- ISSN
- 0090-6964 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-9686
- OpenAlex
- W2002858914
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Annals of Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IrInSubria (University of Insubria) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Infrared Thermography in Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- skin temperature, exercise thermoregulation, heat dissipation, exercise training, trained vs untrained subjects, female athletes, infrared thermography, muscle-tendon unit
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Biomedical Engineering, Body Temperature Regulation, Female, Humans, Skin Temperature, Swimming, Thermography, Exercise, Young Adult, Athletes
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