The DOI matches its Crossref record; 96 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perceived Discrimination and Physical Health Among HIV-Positive Black and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men
Open accessAbstract
We conducted the first study to examine health correlates of discrimination due to race/ethnicity, HIV-status, and sexual orientation among 348 HIV-positive Black (n = 181) and Latino (n = 167) men who have sex with men. Participants completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews. In multivariate analyses, Black participants who experienced greater racial discrimination were less likely to have a high CD4 cell count [OR = 0.7, 95 % CI = (0.5, 0.9), p = 0.02], and an undetectable viral load [OR = 0.8, 95 % CI = (0.6, 1.0), p = 0.03], and were more likely to visit the emergency department [OR = 1.3, 95 % CI = (1.0, 1.7), p = 0.04]; the combined three types of discrimination predicted greater AIDS symptoms [F (3,176) = 3.8, p < 0.01]. Among Latinos, the combined three types of discrimination predicted greater medication side effect severity [F (3,163) = 4.6, p < 0.01] and AIDS symptoms [F (3,163) = 3.1, p < 0.05]. Findings suggest that the stress of multiple types of discrimination plays a role in health outcomes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Structural racism scholars have recommended methodological approaches to better capture the mutli-dimensional nature of structural racism including the development of an index of variables or a latent construct, as well as structural equation modeling [32–35].”
From Structural Racism Conceptualization and Operationalization for Research for the U.S. HIV Epidemic: Findings from a Scoping Review and Implications for Advancing Research for Structural Interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [33]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Meyer, I. H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 · Cited by 14,736
The Scree Test For The Number Of Factors
Cattell, R. B. (1966) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10 · Cited by 13,554
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 · Cited by 11,929
Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. (2005) · University of Massachusetts Amherst · doi:10.7275/jyj1-4868 · Cited by 10,297
A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory.
Pettigrew, T. F., & Tropp, L. R. (2006) · Journal of personality and social psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751 · Cited by 9,708 · cited 1×
“Moreover, interventions to combat racism are needed at the community level, to reduce prejudicial attitudes and norms for discrimination through open dialogue and positive contact between people of different races/ethnicities [86]; at the structural level, through policy and legislation that reduces high levels of res…”
Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice.
Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A. M. B., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.4.271 · Cited by 5,569
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x · Cited by 5,172
Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination
Williams, D. R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J. S., & Anderson, N. B. (1997) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539700200305 · Cited by 4,786
Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review.
Pascoe, E. A., & Smart Richman, L. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0016059 · Cited by 4,427
Discrimination and racial disparities in health: evidence and needed research
Williams, D. R., & Mohammed, S. A. (2009) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9185-0 · Cited by 3,371
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 98 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV in the United States: The stages of care. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2012.
- Tabatchnik BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statisitcs. 5th ed. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., Allyn & Bacon; 2007.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–101 of 101
Maiorana, A., Zamudio‐Haas, S., Santiago-Rodríguez, E. I., Sauceda, J. A., Rodríguez-Díaz, C. E., Brooks, R. A., & Myers, J. J. (2022) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2022.2043731 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Bogart, L. M., Landrine, H., Galvan, F. H., Wagner, G. J., & Klein, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- East Carolina University (US)
- RAND Corporation (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bogart, Laura M.
- Venue
- AIDS and Behavior
- Published
- 2013-01-08
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1431-1441
- ISSN
- 1090-7165 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3254
- PMC
- PMC3631464
- OpenAlex
- W2037393900
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AIDS and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science
- Univerzita Karlova v Praze
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH072351, R01 MH072351-S1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Keywords
- perceived discrimination, HIV-positive men who have sex with men, Black men, Hispanic men, racial discrimination, sexual orientation discrimination, physical health, CD4 count, viral load, emergency department visits, adverse drug reactions
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Black or African American, Cross-Sectional Studies, Discrimination, Psychological, Health Status, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Perception, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sexual Behavior, United States, HIV Infections, Multivariate Analysis, Homosexuality, Male, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Viral Load, Black People, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review