Barriers to Adoption of New Treatments: An Internet Study of Practicing Community Psychotherapists
Open accessAbstract
Over 1,600 North American psychotherapists from a wide range of disciplines and practice settings completed an open-ended question on perceived barriers to adoption of new treatments as part of an internet survey. Content analysis indicated that there were five overall themes: clinician attitudes, client characteristics, contextual or institutional factors, training issues and other. The most frequently endorsed theme revolved around training issues, particularly, insufficient time and cost for training, lack of confidence in mastering the technique, and lack of opportunities for refining skills. Specific ideas for overcoming these barriers are identified.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Determinants of practice can be identified through formal assessment processes, theory or conceptual models, research literature, or informal approaches such as brainstorming.
“While these determinants of practice could be identified through formal assessment processes, they could also be identified using theory or conceptual models e.g., [87], research literature e.g., [59,60,88-90], or more informal approaches such as brainstorming e.g., [55].”
From Implementation strategies: recommendations for specifying and reporting (2013) · cites this paper as [60]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Clinical psychology: Science and practice.
Kazdin, A. E. (1994) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1994.tb00001.x · Cited by 1,361 · see citing works
Aarons, G. A. (2004) · Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1023/b:mhsr.0000024351.12294.65 · Cited by 1,272 · see citing works
Barriers and bridges to evidence based clinical practice
Haynes, B. R., & Haines, A. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7153.273 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Addis, M. E., Wade, W. A., & Hatgis, C. (1999) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.6.4.430 · Cited by 362 · cited 3× · see citing works
“In conducting two clinical trials of cognitive-behavior therapy for panic disorder, Addis et al. (1999) informally asked clinicians to generate concerns about using manualbased treatments.”
BackgroundCommunity-Based Intervention Research: Coping With the “Noise” of Real Life in Study Design
Hohmann, A. A., & Shear, M. K. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.2.201 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Practitioner Attitudes Toward Evidence-based Practice: Themes and Challenges
Nelson, T. D., Steele, R. G., & Mize, J. A. (2006) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-006-0044-4 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Pagoto, S., Spring, B. J., Coups, E. J., Mulvaney, S. A., Coutu, M., & Özakinci, G. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20376 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Orlinsky, D. E., Botermans, J. F., & Rønnestad, M. H. (2001) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050060108259646 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Cook, J. M., Schnurr, P. P., Biyanova, T., & Coyne, J. C. (2009) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.60.5.671 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationVarra, A. A., Hayes, S. C., Roget, N., & Fisher, G. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.3.449 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Addis, M. E. (1999) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy/6.4.430 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The mental health professions: Workforce supply and demand, issues, and challenges
Robiner, W. N. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.05.002 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
SCHMIDT, F. H., & Taylor, T. Κ. (2002) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/0735-7028.33.5.483 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Brown, T. L., Swenson, C. C., Cunningham, P. B., Henggeler, S. W., Schoenwald, S. K., & Rowland, M. D. (1997) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1023/a:1022247207249 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Implementation strategies: recommendations for specifying and reporting
Proctor, E. K., Powell, B. J., & McMillen, J. C. (2013) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-139 · Cited by 2,585 · see citing works
Methods to Improve the Selection and Tailoring of Implementation Strategies
Powell, B. J., Beidas, R. S., Lewis, C. C., Aarons, G. A., McMillen, J. C., Proctor, E. K., & Mandell, D. S. (2017) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/s11414-015-9475-6 · Cited by 967 · see citing works
Cabassa, L. J., & Baumann, A. A. (2013) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-90 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
What do psychotherapists really do in practice? An internet study of over 2,000 practitioners
Cook, J. M., Biyanova, T., Elhai, J., Schnurr, P. P., & Coyne, J. C. (2010) · Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training · doi:10.1037/a0019788 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“In addition, CBT appears to be gaining influence and popularity with clinicians in terms of self-rated influential figures, authors, and books (Cook et al., 2009a).”
Self-citationCipolletta, S., & Mocellin, D. (2018) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2016.1259533 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Schuster, R., Pokorny, R., Berger, T., Topooco, N., & Laireiter, A.-R. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/11007 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Gallo, K. P., & Barlow, D. H. (2012) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2012.01276.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Schuster, R., Topooco, N., Keller, A., Radvogin, E., & Laireiter, A.-R. (2020) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2020.100326 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“, 2007) and concerns have been raised regarding the therapeutic process and effectiveness of IT (Cook et al., 2009; Becker and Jensen-Doss, 2013).”
BackgroundVigerland, S., Ljótsson, B., Bergdahl Gustafsson, F., Hagert, S., Thulin, U., Andersson, G., & Serlachius, E. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.06.002 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
The dissemination and implementation of psychological treatments: problems and solutions
Fairburn, C. G., & Wilson, G. T. (2013) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22110 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Lyon, A. R., Wasse, J. K., Ludwig, K., Zachry, M., Bruns, E. J., Unützer, J., & McCauley, E. (2016) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-015-0637-x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cook, J. M., Biyanova, T., & Coyne, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cook, Joan M.
- ORCID
- Cook, Joan M.
- Venue
- Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research
- Published
- 2008-12-23
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 83-90
- ISSN
- 0894-587X (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3289
- PMC
- PMC3675889
- OpenAlex
- W1968976924
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH070859)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- psychotherapists, clinician attitudes, psychotherapy training, clinician confidence, client characteristics, institutional factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diffusion of Innovation, Humans, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy, Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Care Surveys, Internet
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review