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Asexuality: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Abstract
Current definitions of asexuality focus on sexual attraction, sexual behavior, and lack of sexual orientation or sexual excitation; however, the extent to which these definitions are accepted by self-identified asexuals is unknown. The goal of Study 1 was to examine relationship characteristics, frequency of sexual behaviors, sexual difficulties and distress, psychopathology, interpersonal functioning, and alexithymia in 187 asexuals recruited from the Asexuality Visibility and Education Network (AVEN). Asexual men (n = 54) and women (n = 133) completed validated questionnaires online. Sexual response was lower than normative data and was not experienced as distressing, and masturbation frequency in males was similar to available data for sexual men. Social withdrawal was the most elevated personality subscale; however, interpersonal functioning was in the normal range. Alexithymia was elevated in 12%. Social desirability was also in the normal range. Study 2 was designed to expand upon these quantitative findings with 15 asexuals from Study 1 through in-depth telephone interviews. The findings suggest that asexuality is best conceptualized as a lack of sexual attraction; however, asexuals varied greatly in their experience of sexual response and behavior. Asexuals partnered with sexuals acknowledged having to "negotiate" sexual activity. There were not higher rates of psychopathology among asexuals; however, a subset might fit the criteria for Schizoid Personality Disorder. There was also strong opposition to viewing asexuality as an extreme case of sexual desire disorder. Finally, asexuals were very motivated to liaise with sex researchers to further the scientific study of asexuality.
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“Given the demonstrated benefits of a mixed-methods approach for elucidating understudied aspects of human sexuality and developing new treatments,44, 45, 46, 47, 48”
From Preliminary Development of a Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy to Expand Couples’ Sexual Intimacy after Prostate Cancer: A Mixed Methods Approach (2021) · cites this paper as [44]
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Sorted by citations
van Anders, S. M. (2015) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0490-8 · Cited by 651
“There is a body of empirical research supporting understandings of what could be described as an alloerotic/nonalloerotic dimension (e.g., Bogaert, 2004, 2006; Brotto et al., 2010; Brotto & Yule, 2011; Carrigan, 2011; DeLuzio Chasin, 2011; Prause & Graham, 2007; Przybylo, 2012; Scherrer, 2008).”
BackgroundBorgogna, N. C., McDermott, R. C., Aita, S. L., & Kridel, M. M. (2019) · Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity · doi:10.1037/sgd0000306 · Cited by 390
The DSM diagnostic criteria for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women
Brotto, L. A. (2010) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9543-1 · Cited by 312
“For example, there is a small but growing body of literature on the phenomenon of human asexuality (Bogaert, 2004, 2006; Brotto, Knudson, Inskip, Rhodes, & Erskine, 2008; Prause & Graham, 2007; Scherrer, 2008), defined as lifelong lack of sexual attraction.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationContemporary Issues in Sexual Orientation and Identity Development in Emerging Adulthood
Morgan, E. M. (2013) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696812469187 · Cited by 290
“One of the most widely cited models of lesbian/gay identity development is Cass’s (1979) six-stage process of incorporating a lesbian/gay identity into one’s self-concept.”
BackgroundGalupo, M. P., Davis, K. S., Grynkiewicz, A. L., & Mitchell, R. C. (2014) · Journal of Bisexuality · doi:10.1080/15299716.2014.933466 · Cited by 247
Queer Intimacies: A New Paradigm for the Study of Relationship Diversity
Hammack, P. L., Frost, D. M., & Hughes, S. D. (2018) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2018.1531281 · Cited by 200
“, Butler, 1990; Foucault, 1978; Sedgwick, 1990). Late-19th-century conceptions of heterosexuality and homosexuality reveal the way in which early scientific paradigms in Europe and North America were tainted by cultural ideologies that maintained hierarchies based on factors such as sex, gender, and race (e.g., Gould,…”
Hypersexuality: A Critical Review and Introduction to the “Sexhavior Cycle”
Walton, M. T., Cantor, J. M., Bhullar, N., & Lykins, A. D. (2017) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-017-0991-8 · Cited by 192
There’s more to life than sex? Difference and commonality within the asexual community
Carrigan, M. (2011) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/1363460711406462 · Cited by 191
Asexuality: What It Is and Why It Matters
Bogaert, A. F. (2015) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2015.1015713 · Cited by 185
“Masturbation in asexual people, particularly if in conjunction with sexual fantasies (see Brotto et al., 2010; Yule, Brotto, & Gorzalka, 2014b), also raises questions about the possibility of some asexual people having a paraphilia, an unusual sexual attraction (Bogaert, 2008, 2012a, 2012b).”
InfluentialSexuality (and Lack Thereof) in Adolescence and Early Adulthood: A Review of the Literature
Boislard, M.-A., van de Bongardt, D., & Blais, M. (2016) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs6010008 · Cited by 190
“However, the links between sexual attraction, sexual experiences, and sexual identity are complex and still largely overlooked [80,81].”
BackgroundTheoretical Issues in the Study of Asexuality
Chasin, C. D. (2011) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9757-x · Cited by 164
“is illustrated by how researchers employ forced choice questions about sexual orientation listing asexual along with options for straight, gay/lesbian ,a ndbisexual ( Brotto, Knudson, Inskip, Rhodes, & Erskine, 2010 ; P rause G Hinderliter, 2009) have emphasized the importance of considering this distinction when work…”
MethodAsexuality: Sexual Orientation, Paraphilia, Sexual Dysfunction, or None of the Above?
Brotto, L. A., & Yule, M. A. (2016) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0802-7 · Cited by 145
“The finding that asexual individuals have reported‘‘always feeling thisway’’(Brotto et al., 2010;Van Houdenhove et al., 2015a) suggests that their lack of attraction may be lifelong, and is an innate personal characteristic rather than a reaction to an adverse (sexual) encounter.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Men
Brotto, L. A. (2010) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01860.x · Cited by 139
Self-citationThe Diversity and Prevalence of Sexual Orientation Self-Labels in a New Zealand National Sample
Greaves, L. M., Barlow, F. K., Lee, C. H. J., Matika, C. M., Wang, W., Lindsay, C.-J., Case, C. J. B., Sengupta, N. K., Huang, Y., Cowie, L. J., et al. (2016) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0857-5 · Cited by 133
“…less than1 %ofthesample,have a similar mean age to that of heterosexuals, and comprise of more women than men, consistent with results found in national probability studies in other nations (Bogaert, 2004, 2013; Brotto et al., 2010; Poston & Baumle, 2010; Prause & Graham, 2007).”
Freedom, Invisibility, and Community: A Qualitative Study of Self-Identification with Asexuality
MacNeela, P., & Murphy, A. (2014) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0458-0 · Cited by 143
Gupta, K. (2016) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2016.1236590 · Cited by 131
Crisis and safety: The asexual in sexusociety
Przybyło, E. (2011) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/1363460711406461 · Cited by 110
A Qualitative Exploration of the “Coming Out” Process for Asexual Individuals
Zangari, N. K. R., Low, K. G., & Query, A. N. (2015) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-015-0561-x · Cited by 110
Triebwasser, J., Chemerinski, E., Roussos, P., & Siever, L. J. (2012) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.2012.26.6.919 · Cited by 111
Physiological and Subjective Sexual Arousal in Self-Identified Asexual Women
Brotto, L. A., & Yule, M. A. (2010) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-010-9671-7 · Cited by 106
“In the qualitative phase of this study, several asexuals spoke about their genitals in somewhat technical, emotionally bare language and most believed that they lacked a sexual arousal response ( Brotto et al., 2010 ).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: An In-Depth Exploration
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2016) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0870-8 · Cited by 102
“Specifically, Brotto et al. (2010) found that 80% of asexual men and 73% of asexual women had engaged in masturbation, and these frequencies were comparable to that reportedinaBritishnationalprobabilitysampleofsexual individuals(Gerressu,Mercer,Graham,Willings,&Johnson,2008).”
BackgroundResultAsexual and Non-Asexual Respondents from a U.S. Population-Based Study of Sexual Minorities
Rothblum, E. D., Krueger, E. A., Kittle, K. R., & Meyer, I. H. (2019) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01485-0 · Cited by 105
Mental health and interpersonal functioning in self-identified asexual men and women
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2013) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2013.774162 · Cited by 96
“scores on a measure of interpersonal problems, including subscales indicating cold/distant and socially inhibited interpersonal styles (Brotto et al., 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialStories About Asexuality: A Qualitative Study on Asexual Women
Houdenhove, E. V., Gijs, L. A. C. L., T'Sjoen, G. G., & Enzlin, P. (2014) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2014.889053 · Cited by 96
“This might provide support for the vision that asexuality can be considered as a sexual identity (Bogaert, 2006; Brotto et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialAce and Aro: Understanding Differences in Romantic Attractions Among Persons Identifying as Asexual
Antonsen, A. N., Zdaniuk, B., Yule, M. A., & Brotto, L. A. (2020) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01600-1 · Cited by 90
Chasin, C. D. (2014) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.2203 · Cited by 98
A validated measure of no sexual attraction: The Asexuality Identification Scale.
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2014) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0038196 · Cited by 98
“All questions pertaining to sex, gender, and sexual orientation were in a free response format given the finding that asexual subjects respond differently when queried using free response versus forced choice formats (Brotto et al., 2010; Prause & Graham, 2007).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialMethodological Issues for Studying Asexuality
Hinderliter, A. C. (2009) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9502-x · Cited by 82
Asexuality: An Extreme Variant of Sexual Desire Disorder?
Brotto, L. A., Yule, M. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2014) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/jsm.12806 · Cited by 84
Negotiating the Boundaries of Intimacy: The Personal Lives of Asexual People
Dawson, M., McDonnell, L., & Scott, S. (2016) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1111/1467-954x.12362 · Cited by 78
Who reports absence of sexual attraction in Britain? Evidence from national probability surveys
Aicken, C. R. H., Mercer, C. H., & Cassell, J. (2013) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2013.774161 · Cited by 73
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0175-0 · Cited by 69
“However, it is worth noting that an earlier study found no evidence of higher rates of psychopathology in asexual individuals compared to those in the general population (Brotto et al., 2010).”
ResultPriebe, G., & Svedin, C. G. (2012) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.713147 · Cited by 75
Gupta, K. (2015) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2015.1113593 · Cited by 66
Asexuality: A Multidimensional Approach
Houdenhove, E. V., Gijs, L. A. C. L., T'Sjoen, G. G., & Enzlin, P. (2014) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2014.898015 · Cited by 66
“, 2000; Bogaert, 2003; Diamond, 2003) and previous asexuality research (Bogaert, 2004; Brotto et al., 2010), and congruent with the description used by the asexual community, we argue that the psychological core element for asexuality is the subjective experience of a lack of sexual attraction.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialHille, J. J., Simmons, M. K., & Sanders, S. A. (2019) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2019.1689378 · Cited by 65
Asexuality, Graysexuality, and Demisexuality: Distinctions in Desire, Behavior, and Identity
Copulsky, D., & Hammack, P. L. (2021) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2021.2012113 · Cited by 63
“importance of romantic attraction for their social identities (Brotto et al., 2010; Prause & Graham, 2007).”
BackgroundInfluentialMitchell, H., & Hunnicutt, G. (2018) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-018-9567-6 · Cited by 61
“Historically, asexual individuals were medicalized and pathologized, regarded as immature in sexual development, assumed to have experienced a traumatizing event in their past, and/ or were regarded negatively as a social group (Cerankowski and Milks 2010; Brotto et al. 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialBossio, J. A., Basson, R., Driscoll, M., Correia, S., & Brotto, L. A. (2018) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.08.013 · Cited by 60
Paredes, R. G. (2013) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.11.004 · Cited by 59
Asexual Identity in a New Zealand National Sample: Demographics, Well-Being, and Health
Greaves, L. M., Barlow, F. K., Huang, Y., Stronge, S., Fraser, G., & Sibley, C. G. (2017) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-017-0977-6 · Cited by 57
Asexuality: Few Facts, Many Questions
Houdenhove, E. V., Gijs, L. A. C. L., T'Sjoen, G. G., & Enzlin, P. (2013) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2012.751073 · Cited by 59
“Several authors have provided evidence for the importance of sexual attraction for the description of asexuality (Brotto et al., 2010, Prause & Graham, 2007).”
BackgroundInfluentialAsexuality: from pathology to identity and beyond
Gressgård, R. (2013) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2013.774166 · Cited by 55
How is asexuality different from hypoactive sexual desire disorder?
Hinderliter, A. C. (2013) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2013.774165 · Cited by 50
“A number of papers have briefly addressed the relationship between asexuality and HSDD (e.g. Bogaert, 2004; Brotto, Knudson, Inskip, Rhodes, & Erskine, 2010; Cerankowski & Milks, 2010; Prause & Graham, 2007; Scherrer, 2008).”
BackgroundBogaert, A. F. (2013) · International handbooks of population · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5512-3_15 · Cited by 48
Lalumière, M. L., Sawatsky, M. L., Dawson, S. J., & Suschinsky, K. D. (2020) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-019-01599-5 · Cited by 47
A Scoping Review of Empirical Asexuality Research in Social Science Literature
Guz, S., Hecht, H. K., Kattari, S. K., Gross, E. B., & Ross, E. (2022) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-022-02307-6 · Cited by 54
“A surprising number of studies did not report racial and ethnic identities, and two studies collected information on racial/ethnic identity but did not report it (Brotto & Yule, 2011; Brotto et al., 2010).”
BackgroundPrevalence and Predictors of Sexual Inexperience in Adulthood
Haydon, A. A., Cheng, M. M., Herring, A. H., McRee, A., & Halpern, C. T. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0164-3 · Cited by 46
Schudson, Z. C., Dibble, E. R., & van Anders, S. M. (2017) · Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity · doi:10.1037/sgd0000241 · Cited by 48
Family Sexuality Communication for Adolescent Girls on the Autism Spectrum
Holmes, L. G., Strassberg, D. S., & Himle, M. B. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-03904-6 · Cited by 50
Asexual Borderlands: Asexual Collegians’ Reflections on Inclusion Under the LGBTQ Umbrella
Mollet, A. L., & Lackman, B. (2018) · Journal of college student development · doi:10.1353/csd.2018.0058 · Cited by 44
Asexuality and Autochorissexualism (Identity-Less Sexuality)
Bogaert, A. F. (2012) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-9963-1 · Cited by 43
Producing facts: Empirical asexuality and the scientific study of sex
Przybyło, E. (2012) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959353512443668 · Cited by 43
“Of interest is that when Brotto et al. (2010) made efforts to classify their participants into two genders, 27 of 214 participants refused to provide this information and were subsequently not included in the study (p. 601; also see DeLuzio Chasin, 2011; Hinderliter, 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBrief Report: Asexuality and Young Women on the Autism Spectrum
Bush, H. H., Williams, L. W., & Mendes, E. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04565-6 · Cited by 45
Sexual fantasy and masturbation among asexual individuals
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2014) · The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality · doi:10.3138/cjhs.2409 · Cited by 43
“However, research suggests that a substantial proportion of asexual individuals masturbate at rates similar to (Brotto et al., 2010; Poston & Baumle, 2010) or less than (Bogaert, 2013a) sexual individuals.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialExperiences of minority stress and their impact on suicidality among asexual individuals
Chan, R. C. H., & Leung, J. S. Y. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.025 · Cited by 47
Höglund, J., Jern, P., Sandnabba, N. K., & Santtila, P. O. (2014) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0240-8 · Cited by 42
Yule, M. A., Davison, J., & Brotto, L. A. (2011) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2011.582431 · Cited by 42
“…responses to the IIEF among 51 asexual men recruited from the Asexuality Visibility and Education Network who completed online questionnaires as a part of a larger study assessing psychological and psychosexual correlates of asexuality (see (Brotto et al., 2010) for a complete description).”
Beyond Heterosexual, Bisexual, and Homosexual: A Diversity in Sexual Identity Expression
Walton, M. T., Lykins, A. D., & Bhullar, N. (2016) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0778-3 · Cited by 41
Asexuality and Disability: Strange but Compatible Bedfellows
Lund, E. M., & Johnson, B. A. (2014) · Sexuality and Disability · doi:10.1007/s11195-014-9378-0 · Cited by 40
“[8] results support the theory that asexuality often exists in the absence of physiological or”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPersonality and Sexual Orientation: Extension to Asexuality and the HEXACO Model
Bogaert, A. F., Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2017) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1287844 · Cited by 40
“Although there is some evidence of elevated scores for certain negative emotional states such as anxiety and depression in asexual people (Yule et al., 2013), asexual people also tend to score higher on emotional distance and affective coldness (Brotto et al., 2010; Yule et al., 2013).”
BackgroundJones, C., Hayter, M., & Jomeen, J. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.13862 · Cited by 39
Patterns of Asexuality in China: Sexual Activity, Sexual and Romantic Attraction, and Sexual Desire
Zheng, L., & Su, Y. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1158-y · Cited by 39
Svensson, F., Fredlund, C., Svedin, C. G., Priebe, G., & Wadsby, M. (2012) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/08039488.2012.679968 · Cited by 39
Development and validation of the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale
Hoffarth, M. R., Drolet, C. E., Hodson, G., & Hafer, C. L. (2015) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2015.1050446 · Cited by 38
‘“Asexual” Isn’t Who I Am’: The Politics of Asexuality
Dawson, M., Scott, S., & McDonnell, L. (2018) · Sociological Research Online · doi:10.1177/1360780418757540 · Cited by 37
“…‘political literature’ on asexuality seeks to place these complex asexual positions within a wider conception of ‘sexusociety’ (Pryzbolo 2011) as a response to the first studies on asexuality from the human sciences (e.g. Bogaert 2004, Prause and Graham 2007, Brotto et al. 2010, Yule et al. 2014).”
Background‘Can I be a kinky ace?’: How asexual people negotiate their experiences of kinks and fetishes
Winter-Gray, T., & Hayfield, N. (2019) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2019.1679866 · Cited by 36
Asexual identity development and internalisation: a thematic analysis
Kelleher, S., & Murphy, M. F. (2022) · Sexual & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/14681994.2022.2091127 · Cited by 36
“…romantic-identified participants typically sought emotional intimacy (Foster et al., 2019; Haefner, 2011; Kelleher & Murphy, 2022), whereas aromantic participants sought friendships mainly (Brotto et al., 2010; Kelleher & Murphy, 2022; Maxwell, 2017; Scherrer, 2008; Van Houdenhove et al., 2015).”
InfluentialA Positive Approach Toward Asexuality: Some First Steps, But Still a Long Way to Go
Houdenhove, E. V., Enzlin, P., & Gijs, L. A. C. L. (2017) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0921-1 · Cited by 36
“,feelingdifferent,identityconfusion, and looking for explanations, identity acceptance) (Brotto et al., 2010; Robbins, Graff Low, & Query, 2016; Van Houdenhove et al., 2015b).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe Sexual Motivation of Male Rats as a Tool in Animal Models of Human Health Disorders
Biały, M., Bogacki-Rychlik, W., Przybylski, J., & Żera, T. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00257 · Cited by 36
“hetero or homosexual interactions (Brotto et al., 2010; Portillo and Paredes, 2019).”
Herbitter, C., Vaughan, M. D., & Pantalone, D. W. (2021) · Sexual & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/14681994.2021.1969547 · Cited by 42
“…be defined by the persistent lack of sexual attraction to others, since asexual individuals may experience solitary sexual desire (e.g. Brotto et al., 2010), romantic attraction to others (e.g. Carrigan, 2011), and some degree of sexual response (e.g. Brotto et al., 2010; Brotto & Yule, 2011).”
BackgroundThe ACTIV Study: Acupuncture Treatment in Provoked Vestibulodynia
Curran, S., Brotto, L. A., Fisher, H., Knudson, G., & Cohen, T. (2009) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01582.x · Cited by 36
Winer, C., Carroll, M., Yang, Y., Linder, K., & Miles, B. (2022) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/13634607221085485 · Cited by 46
“This de fi nition appears in much of the literature (e.g., Brotto et al., 2010; Jones et al., 2017; Van Houdenhove, Gijs, T ’ Sjoen et al., 2015) and was used by the Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN) until 2021, when they updated their de fi nition to “ those who experience little to no…”
MethodPrzybyło, E., & Cooper, D. (2014) · GLQ A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies · doi:10.1215/10642684-2422683 · Cited by 35
Alexithymia, Negative Emotions, and Sexual Behavior in Heterosexual University Students from Italy
Scimeca, G., Bruno, A., Pandolfo, G., Micò, U., Romeo, V. M., Abenavoli, E., Schimmenti, A., Zoccali, R., & Muscatello, M. R. A. (2013) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0006-8 · Cited by 34
Collazzoni, A., Ciocca, G., Limoncin, E., Marucci, C., Mollaioli, D., Sante, S. D., Lorenzo, G. D., Niolu, C., Siracusano, A., Maggi, M., et al. (2017) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.03.009 · Cited by 36
“Cross-sectional Brotto et al, 2010 In some cases schizoid personality was more prone to sexual violence, with sexual homicide.”
BackgroundLimoncin, E., Gravina, G. L., Lotti, F., Maseroli, E., Ciocca, G., Corona, G., Maggi, M., Reisman, Y., Balercia, G., Lenzi, A., et al. (2018) · British Journal of Urology · doi:10.1111/bju.14560 · Cited by 34
Carvalho, A. C., & Rodrigues, D. L. (2022) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02187-2 · Cited by 34
“Even though both aromantic and romantic asexual individuals desire emotional intimacy with other people (Brotto et al., 2010; Dawson et al., 2016; Scherrer, 2008), aromantic asexual individuals are not interested in romantic relationships nor physical intimate activity (Carrigan, 2011; Scherrer, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialTessler, H. (2023) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/13634607231197061 · Cited by 33
“Some asexual individuals expressed strong desire for romantic relationships without sex (Brotto et al., 2010; Van Houdenhove et al., 2015b).”
ASEXUally: On Being an Ally to the Asexual Community
Pinto, S. A. (2014) · Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling · doi:10.1080/15538605.2014.960130 · Cited by 35
Asexuality in China’s sexual revolution: Asexual marriage as coping strategy
Wong, D. K. M. (2014) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/1363460714544812 · Cited by 33
Dosch, A., Belayachi, S., & der Linden, M. V. (2015) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2014.1003361 · Cited by 34
Walton, M. T., & Bhullar, N. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1230-7 · Cited by 33
Rothblum, E. D., Heimann, K., & Carpenter, K. (2018) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2018.1552186 · Cited by 32
Kelleher, S., Murphy, M. F., & Su, X. (2022) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2022.2057867 · Cited by 35
“Isolation and ‘erasure’ also appeared as recurring sentiments throughout literature, as asexual individuals reported a sense of difference from their peers (Brotto et al., 2010; Carrigan, 2011; Foster et al., 2019; Mollet, 2020, 2021).”
BackgroundInfluentialUnderstanding asexuality: A sociological review
Winer, C. (2024) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.13240 · Cited by 38
Asexuality special theme issue editorial
Carrigan, M., Gupta, K., & Morrison, T. G. (2013) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2013.774160 · Cited by 29
Animal Models in Sexual Medicine: The Need and Importance of Studying Sexual Motivation
Ventura-Aquino, E., & Paredes, R. G. (2016) · Sexual Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.07.003 · Cited by 34
Tessler, H., & Winer, C. (2023) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.13141 · Cited by 28
Human Asexuality: What Do We Know About a Lack of Sexual Attraction?
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2017) · Current Sexual Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s11930-017-0100-y · Cited by 28
Asexual competent practices in healthcare: A narrative review
Schneckenburger, S. A., Tam, M., & Ross, L. E. (2023) · Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19359705.2023.2214528 · Cited by 26
“Lastly, given the pervasive stigmatization of asexuality, some asexuals participating in research do not answer certain survey questions authentically in fear of making the orientation appear unfavorable (Brotto et al., 2010; Lund & Johnson, 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialRethinking asexuality: A Symbolic Interactionist account
Scott, S., & Dawson, M. (2015) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/1363460714531273 · Cited by 24
“In advocating this approach, we do not dismiss the existing literature on asexuality, but rather seek to complement and expand upon it by highlighting additional dimensions of asexuality.”
BackgroundCatri, F. (2021) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-021-09833-w · Cited by 25
Clark, A. N., & Zimmerman, C. (2022) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02194-3 · Cited by 25
“Many asexual people identify as having a romantic orientation such as heteroromantic, homoromantic, or biromantic, in comparison with what would be considered a concordant romantic orientation (i.e., aromantic; Brotto et al., 2010; Chasin, 2011; Ginoza et al., 2014).”
BackgroundResultAsexuals negotiate the ‘onslaught of the heteronormative’
Vares, T. (2021) · Sexualities · doi:10.1177/1363460721993389 · Cited by 24
“While much of the scientific scholarship has been instrumental in legitimizing asexuality (Bogeart, 2004; Brotto et al., 2010; Prause and Graham, 2007), Ela Przybylo argues that ‘it does so through the reproduction of normative, essentialist and harmful notions about (a)sexuality and difference’…”
BackgroundPatterns of sexual behavior and psychological processes in asexual persons: a systematic review
de Oliveira, L., Carvalho, J., Sarıkaya, S., Ürkmez, A., Salonia, A., Russo, G. I., & the EAU-YAU Men’s Health Working group (2020) · International Journal of Impotence Research · doi:10.1038/s41443-020-0336-3 · Cited by 21
“, [2, 5, 10]) less likely to be cisgender [5], and more likely to be LGBTQ [lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer] [28].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLund, E. M., Thomas, K. B., Sias, C. M., & Bradley, A. R. (2016) · Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling · doi:10.1080/15538605.2016.1233840 · Cited by 21
Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Sex and Romance in Asexuals
Bulmer, M., & Izuma, K. (2017) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1303438 · Cited by 19
“Some studies report similar levels of sexual experience in asexuals as in the general population (Prause & Graham, 2007), while others report lower levels of sexual experience or activity (Bogaert, 2004; Brotto et al., 2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialParent, M. C., & Ferriter, K. P. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1171-1 · Cited by 21
“Another study sampled 214 individuals recruited from an Internet social network site for asexual individuals (Brotto et al., 2010), aiming to examine associations with asexual identity.”
McInroy, L. B., Beaujolais, B., Craig, S. L., & Eaton, A. D. (2021) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02064-y · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Brotto, L. A., Knudson, G., Inskip, J., Rhodes, K., & Erskine, Y.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Brotto, Lori A.
- ORCID
- Brotto, Lori A.
- Venue
- Archives of Sexual Behavior
- Published
- 2008-12-11
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 599-618
- ISSN
- 0004-0002 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2800
- OpenAlex
- W2075322046
- Cited by
- 254
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Archives of Sexual Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Sexual function and dysfunction studies
- Keywords
- asexuality, sexual attraction, sexual behavior, sexual response, masturbation frequency, sexual dysfunction, sexual distress, psychopathology, interpersonal functioning, social withdrawal, alexithymia, schizoid personality disorder, sexual desire disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affective Symptoms, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Interviews as Topic, Male, Masturbation, Models, Psychological, Terminology as Topic, Personality, Surveys and Questionnaires, Religion and Sex, Schizoid Personality Disorder, Sexual Behavior, Sex Factors, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological, Internet
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