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Cited by 7Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchEEG and Brain-Computer InterfacesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Using Clustering to Examine Inter-individual Variability in Topography of Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Autism and Typical Development

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Dwyer, Patrick, Wang, Xiaodong, De Meo-Monteil, Rosanna, Hsieh, Fushing, Saron, Clifford D., Rivera, Susan M.·2021·Brain Topography
DOI 10.1007/s10548-021-00863-zPMC PMC8436953
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Abstract

Although prior studies have compared sensory event-related potential (ERP) responses between groups of autistic and typically-developing participants, it is unclear how heterogeneity contributes to the results of these studies. The present study used examined individual differences in these responses. 130 autistic children and 81 typically-developing children, aged between 2 and 5 years, listened to tones at four identity levels while 61-channel electroencephalography was recorded. Hierarchical clustering was used to group participants based on rescaled ERP topographies between 51 and 350 ms. The hierarchical clustering analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity. Some of the seven clusters defined in this analysis were characterized by prolonged fronto-central positivities and/or weak or absent N2 negativities. However, many other participants fell into clusters in which N2 responses were present at varying latencies. Atypical response morphologies such as absent N2 responses and/or prolonged positive-going responses found in some autistic participants may account for prior research findings of attenuated N2 amplitudes in autism. However, there was also considerable overlap between groups, with participants of both groups appearing in all clusters. These results emphasize the utility of using clustering to explore individual differences in brain responses, which can expand on and clarify the results of analyses of group mean differences.

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  • Under noise conditions, the ASD group presents worse speech comprehension and neural over-responsiveness.

    “However, under noise conditions, the ASD group presents worse speech comprehension and neural over-responsiveness (Piatti et al. 2021; Dwyer et al. 2021).”

    From Autism Spectrum Disorder and auditory sensory alterations: a systematic review on the integrity of cognitive and neuronal functions related to auditory processing (2023) · cites this paper as Dwyer et al. 2021

    The Introduction (page unavailable) reports that some autistic children had relatively stronger neural responses to high-intensity sounds, associated with caregiver-reported auditory distractibility or filtering problems. That offers limited support for neural over-responsiveness, but the EEG Task section describes passive listening to tones in a quiet chamber, not speech comprehension under noise. The paper does not establish the claimed group-wide pattern. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • There was an overlap between ASD and TD participants in several clusters, suggesting that sensory impairments in ASD might be largely accounted for by wide interindividual variability within the spectrum.

    “However, there was an overlap between ASD and TD participants in several clusters (Dwyer et al. 2020, 2021), suggesting that sensory impairments in ASD might be largely accounted for the wide interindividual variability that exists within the spectrum.”

    From Autism Spectrum Disorder and auditory sensory alterations: a systematic review on the integrity of cognitive and neuronal functions related to auditory processing (2023) · cites this paper as Dwyer et al. 2021

    The Discussion (Summary and Responses in Canonical N2 Spatiotemporal Window; page not provided) reports substantial ASD–TD overlap: participants from both groups appeared in all clusters. It suggests that subgroups may explain prior findings of attenuated N2 responses in ASD, but does not establish that interindividual variability largely accounts for sensory impairments more broadly. The Discussion cautions against interpreting the exploratory associations between clusters and reported noise distress. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Some clusters of ASD individuals presented weak or absent N2 by 60 dB and increased strength with higher intensities (70 or 80 dB).

    “In a similar study, some clusters of ASD individuals presented weak or absent N2 by 60 dB and increased strength with higher intensities (70 or 80 dB) (Dwyer et al. 2021).”

    From Autism Spectrum Disorder and auditory sensory alterations: a systematic review on the integrity of cognitive and neuronal functions related to auditory processing (2023) · cites this paper as Dwyer et al. 2021

  • High-functioning ASD adults show a speech comprehension rate of nearly 100% in the absence of noise, similar to IQ-matched controls.

    “High-functioning ASD adults show a speech comprehension rate of nearly 100% in the absence of noise, similar to IQ-matched controls (Piatti et al. 2021; Dwyer et al. 2021).”

    From Autism Spectrum Disorder and auditory sensory alterations: a systematic review on the integrity of cognitive and neuronal functions related to auditory processing (2023) · cites this paper as Dwyer et al. 2021

    The Participants section describes children aged 2–5, and the EEG Task section describes passive listening to tones, not a speech-comprehension test. Searches for near-100% comprehension in quiet and IQ-matched autistic adults found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Dwyer, P., Wang, X., De Meo-Monteil, R., Hsieh, F., Saron, C. D., & Rivera, S. M.
Affiliations
University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
Dwyer, Patrick
ORCID
Venue
Brain Topography
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-07-22
Volume
34
Issue
5
Pages
681-697
ISSN
  • 0896-0267 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6792
DOI
10.1007/s10548-021-00863-z
PMC
PMC8436953
OpenAlex
W3183522547
Cited by
7
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3
FWCI
0.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Brain Topography (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • MIND Institute, University of California, Davis
  • Robert Shoes Fund
  • Scott & Jennifer Fearon
  • University of California, Davis (UC Davis Deans’ Distinguished Graduate Fellowship)
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (P2LAP3_164911)
  • National Institutes of Health (1R01 MH089626-01)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (U24MH081810)
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50 HD093079)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, auditory event-related potentials, individual differences, interindividual variability, ERP topography, hierarchical clustering, children, typical development, sensory processing
MeSH terms
Acoustic Stimulation, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Humans, Cluster Analysis

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