Topographic ERP Analyses: A Step-by-Step Tutorial Review
Open accessAbstract
In this tutorial review, we detail both the rationale for as well as the implementation of a set of analyses of surface-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) that uses the reference-free spatial (i.e. topographic) information available from high-density electrode montages to render statistical information concerning modulations in response strength, latency, and topography both between and within experimental conditions. In these and other ways these topographic analysis methods allow the experimenter to glean additional information and neurophysiologic interpretability beyond what is available from canonical waveform analyses. In this tutorial we present the example of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in response to stimulation of each hand to illustrate these points. For each step of these analyses, we provide the reader with both a conceptual and mathematical description of how the analysis is carried out, what it yields, and how to interpret its statistical outcome. We show that these topographic analysis methods are intuitive and easy-to-use approaches that can remove much of the guesswork often confronting ERP researchers and also assist in identifying the information contained within high-density ERP datasets.
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Overall global field power (GFP) was calculated to specify and/or validate a predefined timeframe of interest via assessing overall peak latency of the components of interest.
“First, we calculated overall global field power (GFP)65–67 to specify and/or validate a predefined timeframe of interest via assessing overall peak latency of the components of interest.”
From Event-related potentials of automatic imitation are modulated by ethnicity during stimulus processing, but not during motor execution (2018) · cites this paper as [67]
The “Global Field Power” section describes GFP as a waveform over time that can be assessed using peak measures, supporting its use to examine peak latency. It does not explicitly say that GFP peaks specify or validate a predefined timeframe of interest. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- Murray, M. M., Brunet, D., & Michel, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Murray, Micah M.
- Venue
- Brain Topography
- Published
- 2008-03-18
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 249-264
- ISSN
- 0896-0267 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6792
- OpenAlex
- W2098418070
- Cited by
- 1,127
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 60 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 21.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Brain Topography (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- reroDoc Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (118419, 111783)
- Fondation Leenaards
- Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Keywords
- topographic analysis, event-related potentials, reference-free analysis, high-density electrode arrays, somatosensory evoked potentials, hand stimulation, ERP latency, ERP topography
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Electrodes, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Reaction Time, Reference Values
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