Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a predictor of poor prognosis in human primary breast cancer
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a small, secreted glycoprotein with proposed functions in cell proliferation, survival and morphogenesis. NGAL is expressed in a variety of tumor types including breast carcinomas, but it is not known whether NGAL contributes directly to breast cancer progression. This study examines the relationship between NGAL expression in breast carcinomas and established clinical prognostic markers as well as clinical outcome. Using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays containing well characterized tumor samples from 207 breast cancer patients, NGAL was detected in 68 breast carcinomas in a cytoplasmic location. NGAL expression correlated strongly with negative steroid receptor status, HER-2/neu overexpression, poor histologic grade, the presence of lymph node metastases and a high Ki-67 proliferation index. In univariate survival analysis, NGAL expression was associated with decreased disease-specific survival and decreased disease-free survival in the entire cohort. In multivariate analysis, NGAL remained an independent prognostic marker for disease-free survival. In a subset of patients with estrogen receptor positive tumors, NGAL was significantly associated with decreased disease-free survival. The results show that NGAL expression is a predictor of poor prognosis in primary human breast cancer and suggest that NGAL detection may provide information for risk assessment and identify a subset of patients requiring more aggressive adjuvant therapy.
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Human breast tumors contain enhanced amounts of Lcn-2, especially during advanced stages.
“It has been observed that human breast tumors contain enhanced amounts of Lcn-2, especially during advanced stages [128].”
From Iron as a central player and promising target in cancer progression (2019) · cites this paper as [128]
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- Authors
- Bauer, M., Eickhoff, J. C., Gould, M. N., Mundhenke, C., Maass, N., & Friedl, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Friedl, Andreas
- Venue
- Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
- Published
- 2007-06-07
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 389-397
- ISSN
- 0167-6806 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7217
- OpenAlex
- W1967535690
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Krebshilfe
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA107012)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Breast Lesions and Carcinomas
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Keywords
- neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, breast cancer, prognostic factors, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, estrogen receptor status, HER-2/neu overexpression, Ki-67 proliferation index, lymph node metastasis, histologic grade, adjuvant therapy
- MeSH terms
- Lipocalin-2, Acute-Phase Proteins, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Biomarkers, Tumor, Disease-Free Survival, Tissue Array Analysis, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Lipocalins
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