Gray Shades of Green: Causes and Consequences of Green Skepticism
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some studies reported consumers being highly skeptical of greenwashing and companies that claim but do not use it were found to affect the company's success plans.
“Despite a plethora of research, some studies reported consumers being highly skeptical of greenwashing and companies that claim but do not use it, were found to a ect the company's success plans [11,20,31].”
From Are You Environmentally Conscious Enough to Differentiate between Greenwashed and Sustainable Items? A Global Consumers Perspective (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
Cites
Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151312 · Cited by 109,314 · see citing works
Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378101800104 · Cited by 109,190 · see citing works
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879 · Cited by 82,194 · see citing works
Negativity Bias, Negativity Dominance, and Contagion
Rozin, P., & Royzman, E. B. (2001) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0504_2 · Cited by 4,342 · see citing works
The processes of causal attribution.
Kelley, H. H. (1973) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0034225 · Cited by 4,025 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Our study builds on attribution theory (Kelley, 1973) to develop and test a theoretically grounded model that explains the sources and consequences of green skepticism.”
BackgroundMethodResultDelmas, M. A., & Burbano, V. C. (2011) · California Management Review · doi:10.1525/cmr.2011.54.1.64 · Cited by 3,441 · cited 4× · see citing works
“This in turn may impair investor confidence in eco-friendly firms, eroding the capital market for socially responsible investing (Delmas and Burbano, 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialFrom acts to dispositions the attribution process in person perception
Jones, E. E., & Davis, K. E. (1965) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60107-0 · Cited by 3,424 · see citing works
Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products
Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., & Barbaro‐Forleo, G. (2001) · Journal of Consumer Marketing · doi:10.1108/eum0000000006155 · Cited by 2,974 · see citing works
Building Corporate Associations: Consumer Attributions for Corporate Socially Responsible Programs
Ellen, P. S. (2006) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1177/0092070305284976 · Cited by 1,591 · cited 5× · see citing works
“These two types of motives are not opposite ends of a continuum, as consumers can assign a firm’s actions to both intrinsic and extrinsic motives (Ellen et al., 2006).”
BackgroundInfluentialWagner, T., Lutz, R. J., & Weitz, B. A. (2009) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.73.6.77 · Cited by 1,339 · cited 1× · see citing works
“We operationalized CSR beliefs using a four-item scale from Wagner et al. (2009) that captures the extent to which consumers believe that the firm is generally socially responsible.”
MethodChen, Y.-S., & Chang, C.-H. (2013) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1360-0 · Cited by 1,281 · cited 2× · see citing works
“We adapted a scale from Chen and Chang (2013) to measure greenwashing, with five items capturing the extent to which companies mislead consumers about the environmental features of their products.”
Parguel, B., Benoît-Moreau, F., & Larceneux, F. (2011) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0901-2 · Cited by 1,024 · cited 21× · see citing works
“Extrinsic attributions refer to consumers’ perceptions that a firm engages in a behavior for self-interested, profiteering, and exploitation purposes (Ellen et al. 2000; Parguel et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWhen Is Honesty the Best Policy? The Effect of Stated Company Intent on Consumer Skepticism
Foreh, M. R., & Grier, S. (2003) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1303_15 · Cited by 1,003 · cited 1× · see citing works
“the role of consumer skepticism have surfaced in the related, but distinct, context of corporate social responsibility (CSR) (Forehand and Grier 2003; Skarmeas and Leonidou 2013).”
BackgroundCharitable programs and the retailer: do they mix?
Ellen, P. S., Mohr, L. A., & Webb, D. J. (2000) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/s0022-4359(00)00032-4 · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Atkinson, L. (2013) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12025 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
How Green Trust, Consumer Brand Engagement and Green Word-of-Mouth Mediate Purchasing Intentions
Guerreiro, J., & Pacheco, M. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13147877 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Urbański, M., & ul Haque, A. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12051786 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Greenwashing Behavior in Hotels Industry: The Role of Green Transparency and Green Authenticity
Alyahia, M., Azazz, A. M. S., Fayyad, S., Elshaer, I. A., & Mohammad, A. A. A. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16031050 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Orazi, D. C., & Chan, E. Y. (2020) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-018-4028-6 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Quoquab, F., Jaini, A., & Mohammad, J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17145258 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Green Skepticism: Review and Research Agenda
Sivapalan, A., Jebarajakirthy, C., Saha, R., Mehta, P., Balaji, M. S., & Maseeh, H. I. (2024) · Marketing Intelligence & Planning · doi:10.1108/mip-04-2023-0179 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Do Consumers Understand What Different Green Claims Actually Mean? An Experimental Approach in Italy
Iovino, R., Testa, F., & Iraldo, F. (2024) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.2023.2175279 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leonidou, C. N., & Skarmeas, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Athens University of Economics and Business (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Leonidou, Constantinos N.
- Venue
- Journal of Business Ethics
- Published
- 2015-08-26
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 401-415
- ISSN
- 0167-4544 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0697
- OpenAlex
- W1908807906
- Cited by
- 589
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 90 · 2025: 113 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 33.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Business Ethics (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Kypseli (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L011891/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Environmental Sustainability in Business
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability
- Keywords
- green skepticism, corporate environmental initiatives, attribution theory, corporate social responsibility, industry norms, corporate history, purchase intention, word of mouth, information seeking, green consumer behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
