Cited by 709Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseLiver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentLipid metabolism and biosynthesis

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Role of Dietary Fructose and Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis in Fatty Liver Disease

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Softic, Samir, Cohen, David E., Kahn, C. Ronald·2016·Digestive Diseases and Sciences

DOI 10.1007/s10620-016-4054-0PMC PMC4838515

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Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Overconsumption of high-fat diet (HFD) and increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages are major risk factors for development of NAFLD. Today the most commonly consumed sugar is high fructose corn syrup. Hepatic lipids may be derived from dietary intake, esterification of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) or hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). A central abnormality in NAFLD is enhanced DNL. Hepatic DNL is increased in individuals with NAFLD, while the contribution of dietary fat and plasma FFA to hepatic lipids is not significantly altered. The importance of DNL in NAFLD is further established in mouse studies with knockout of genes involved in this process. Dietary fructose increases levels of enzymes involved in DNL even more strongly than HFD. Several properties of fructose metabolism make it particularly lipogenic. Fructose is absorbed via portal vein and delivered to the liver in much higher concentrations as compared to other tissues. Fructose increases protein levels of all DNL enzymes during its conversion into triglycerides. Additionally, fructose supports lipogenesis in the setting of insulin resistance as fructose does not require insulin for its metabolism, and it directly stimulates SREBP1c, a major transcriptional regulator of DNL. Fructose also leads to ATP depletion and suppression of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, fructose promotes ER stress and uric acid formation, additional insulin independent pathways leading to DNL. In summary, fructose metabolism supports DNL more strongly than HFD and hepatic DNL is a central abnormality in NAFLD. Disrupting fructose metabolism in the liver may provide a new therapeutic option for the treatment of NAFLD.

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Authors: Softic, S., Cohen, D. E., & Kahn, C. R.
Affiliations: Boston Children's Hospital (US)
Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Joslin Diabetes Center (US)
Corresponding author: Kahn, C. Ronald
ORCID: Softic, Samir
Cohen, David E.
Kahn, C. Ronald
Venue: Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2016-02-08
Volume: 61
Issue: 5
Pages: 1282-1293
ISSN: 0163-2116 (ISSN-L)
1573-2568
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4054-0
PMC: PMC4838515
OpenAlex: W2286797029
Cited by: 709
References: 133
Citations by year: 2026: 52 · 2025: 76 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 13
FWCI: 7.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Digestive Diseases and Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK031036, R01 DK033201, K12 HD000850, R37 DK048873, R01 DK056626, R01 DK103046)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dietary fructose, hepatic de novo lipogenesis, high fructose corn syrup, high-fat diet, sugar-sweetened beverages, insulin resistance, SREBP-1c, endoplasmic reticulum stress, uric acid, mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, reactive oxygen species, hepatic lipid metabolism, metabolic syndrome
MeSH terms: Diet, Fructose, Humans, Liver, Lipogenesis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, High Fructose Corn Syrup

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Role of Dietary Fructose and Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis in Fatty Liver Disease

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