Physical activity and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Physical activity offers promise to protect against multiple non-hepatic primary cancers. We performed a systematic review to quantify the association between physical activity and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline and trial registries through December 2020 for studies that measured physical activity levels in adults at risk for HCC. The primary outcome was HCC. Subgroup analysis was performed limiting to vigorous physical activity. Proportions and random-effects odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Seven studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 777,662 subjects (median age 55 years; 55% female). Greater amounts of physical activity were associated with less HCC (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.95, p = 0.03) compared to lower amounts. Vigorous physical activity was associated with even less HCC (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.49-0.79, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that greater amounts of physical activity are associated with lower odds of HCC. These results support the use of regular physical activity as an effective way to prevent HCC and provide helpful data to support a for future exercise-based interventional study to better define the optimal exercise prescription for patients at risk for primary liver cancer.
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Several observational studies have demonstrated that regular increased physical activity is associated with reduced risk for liver fibrosis (measured by non-invasive markers), cirrhosis, all-cause mortality and HCC.
“Furthermore, several observational studies have demonstrated that regular increased physical activity is associated with reduced risk for liver fi brosis (measured by non-invasive markers), cirrhosis, allcause mortality 322 -324 and HCC. 325”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [325]
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InfluentialReducing complications of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease
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“Previous studies of HCC have shown that variations in physical activity levels, sitting time, and sleep patterns may be associated with HCC risk [17, 18, 23].”
Physical Activity Improves Overall Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Non-pharmacological treatment of MASLD
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“133 Of note, this association is more pronounced in intense physical activity (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.49–0.79, P 0.01).”
Influential
- Authors
- DiJoseph, K., Thorp, A., Harrington, A., Schmitz, K. H., Chinchilli, V. M., & Stine, J. G.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stine, Jonathan G.
- Venue
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences
- Published
- 2022-06-29
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1051-1059
- ISSN
- 0163-2116 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2568
- OpenAlex
- W4283709267
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarSphere (Penn State Libraries) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- physical activity, hepatocellular carcinoma, cancer risk, liver cancer prevention, high-intensity exercise, primary liver cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Exercise
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