Cross-cultural comparison of correlates of quality of life and health status: the Whitehall II Study (UK) and the Western New York Health Study (US)
Open accessAbstract
Measures of quality of life (QoL) have been found to be predictors of mortality and morbidity; however, there is still limited understanding of the multifaceted nature of these measures and of potential correlates. Using two large populations from the UK and US, we aimed to evaluate and compare measured levels of QoL and the key factors correlated with these levels. Participants were 6,472 white subjects (1,829 women) from the Whitehall II Study (mean age 55.8 years) and 3,684 white subjects (1,903 women) from the Western New York Health Study (mean age 58.7 years). QoL was assessed in both using the physical and mental health component summaries of the short form-36 questionnaire (SF-36). Analysis of covariance was used to compare gender-specific mean scores for the two populations across several potential correlates (including socio-demographic, lifestyle and co-morbidity factors). Levels of reported physical QoL tended to be higher in the UK population (51.2 vs. 48.6) while mental QoL was higher in the US group (53.1 vs. 51.1). Age, sleep duration and depressive symptoms were the main factors correlated with both physical and mental QoL in both samples. Increasing age was associated with poorer physical health but higher mental health scores in both populations (P<0.001). Sleep duration below 6 or above 8 h was associated with lower levels of QoL. Depressive symptoms were strongly associated with poorer mental health scores (P<0.001) while higher BMI, lower physical activity levels and presence of cardiovascular disease were associated with poorer physical health in both samples and gender (P<0.05). There were consistent findings for correlates of QoL in this cross-cultural comparison of two populations from the UK and US. Strongest associations were between lifestyle and co-morbidity factors and the physical health component of the SF-36 rather than the mental health component. This is a novel finding which warrants further consideration.
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A considerable body of observational and experimental evidence links these behaviours to measures of health-related quality of life, mental illness and psychiatric comorbidities.
“A considerable body of observational and experimental evidence also links these behaviours to the measures of health-related quality of life, mental illness and psychiatric comorbidities.4–7”
From Major health-related behaviours and mental well-being in the general population: the Health Survey for England (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
Results are generally consistent with observational studies of the association between BMI and measures of health-related quality of life, including physical and mental health domains.
“Our results are also generally consistent with observational studies of the association between BMI and measures of health-related quality of life, including both physical and mental health domains.3 5”
From Major health-related behaviours and mental well-being in the general population: the Health Survey for England (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Franco, O. H., Wong, Y. L., Kandala, N.-B., Ferrie, J. E., Dorn, J. M., Kivimäki, M., Clarke, A., Donahue, R. P., Manoux, A. S., Freudenheim, J. L., Trevisan, M., & Stranges, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Warwick (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Franco, Oscar H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Epidemiology
- Published
- 2012-03-04
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 255-265
- ISSN
- 0393-2990 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7284
- PMC
- PMC3370162
- OpenAlex
- W1973543222
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- European Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) (acceptedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation (RG/07/008/23674)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P50AA009802, P50AA09802)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- quality of life, health status, cross-cultural comparison, Whitehall II study, SF-36, physical health, mental health, sleep duration, depressive symptoms, age, body mass index, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Depressive Disorder, Female, United Kingdom, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, New York, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution
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