The DOI matches its Crossref record; 175 of the 177 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Methods of assessing vagus nerve activity and reflexes
Open accessAbstract
The methods used to assess cardiac parasympathetic (cardiovagal) activity and its effects on the heart in both humans and animal models are reviewed. Heart rate (HR)-based methods include measurements of the HR response to blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (parasympathetic tone), beat-to-beat HR variability (HRV) (parasympathetic modulation), rate of post-exercise HR recovery (parasympathetic reactivation), and reflex-mediated changes in HR evoked by activation or inhibition of sensory (afferent) nerves. Sources of excitatory afferent input that increase cardiovagal activity and decrease HR include baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, trigeminal receptors, and subsets of cardiopulmonary receptors with vagal afferents. Sources of inhibitory afferent input include pulmonary stretch receptors with vagal afferents and subsets of visceral and somatic receptors with spinal afferents. The different methods used to assess cardiovagal control of the heart engage different mechanisms, and therefore provide unique and complementary insights into underlying physiology and pathophysiology. In addition, techniques for direct recording of cardiovagal nerve activity in animals; the use of decerebrate and in vitro preparations that avoid confounding effects of anesthesia; cardiovagal control of cardiac conduction, contractility, and refractoriness; and noncholinergic mechanisms are described. Advantages and limitations of the various methods are addressed, and future directions are proposed.
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“This is due to the fact that HRV provides an index of the parasympathetic nervous system (Malik, 1996; Chapleau and Sabharwal, 2011).”
From Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research – Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting (2017) · cites this paper as Chapleau and Sabharwal, 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chapleau, M. W., & Sabharwal, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chapleau, Mark W.
- Venue
- Heart Failure Reviews
- Published
- 2010-06-25
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 109-127
- ISSN
- 1382-4147 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7322
- PMC
- PMC4322860
- OpenAlex
- W2075538930
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 177
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Heart Failure Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-14388, P01HL014388)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Keywords
- vagus nerve activity, parasympathetic nervous system, heart rate variability, muscarinic receptor blockade, baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, pulmonary stretch receptors, vagal afferents, cardiac conduction, cardiac contractility
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autonomic Fibers, Postganglionic, Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic, Disease Models, Animal, Exercise Test, Heart Rate, Humans, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Pressoreceptors, Receptors, Muscarinic, Sympathetic Nervous System, Time Factors, Vagus Nerve, Exercise
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