CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 19Migration, Health and TraumaMigration, Identity, and HealthMigration, Refugees, and Integration

Relationships between integration and drug use among deported migrants in Tijuana, Mexico

Open access
Horyniak, Danielle, Pinedo, Miguel, Burgos, Jose Luis, Ojeda, Victoria D.·2017·Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
DOI 10.1007/s10903-016-0518-8PMC PMC6525007
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Deported migrants face numerous challenges which may elevate their risk for drug use. We examined relationships between integration and drug use among deported migrants in Tijuana, Mexico. A cross-sectional survey conducted at a free health clinic included 255 deported Mexican-born migrants residing in Tijuana ≥6 months. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between variables across four integration domains (public participation, social connections, macro-level facilitators and foundations) and recent (past 6-month) drug use. The prevalence of recent drug use was 46 %. Having sought work in Tijuana in the past 6 months, greater household affluence, lifetime history of incarceration in both US and Mexico, and lacking health insurance were independently associated with recent drug use. Policies that support access to employment, adequate housing and healthcare in Mexico, particularly for justice-involved deportees, may facilitate successful integration and reduce potential stressors that may contribute to drug use.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s10903-016-0518-8

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The well-being of migrants post-deportation has been examined in some diverse contexts, though the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships with their U.S.-based families have not received attention.

    “The well-being of migrants post-deportation has been examined in some diverse contexts (9, 18, 57–61) though the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships with their U.S.-based families have not received attention.”

    From Deported Men's and Father's Perspective: The Impacts of Family Separation on Children and Families in the U.S. (2020) · cites this paper as [58]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 52

  1. [1]Fozdar F, Hartley L. Civic and Ethno Belonging among Recent Refugees to Australia. Journal of Refugee Studies 2014; 27(1): 126– 44.
  2. [2]Wille J. Agency and belonging: Southern Sudanese Former Refugees’ reflections on life in Australia. Australasian Review of African Studies 2011; 32(2): 80– 100.
  3. [3]Valtonen K. From the Margin to the Mainstream: Conceptualizing Refugee Settlement Processes. Journal of Refugee Studies 2004; 17(1): 70– 96.
  4. [4]Ruben R, Van Houte M, Davids T. What Determines the Embeddedness of Forced-Return Migrants? Rethinking the Role of Pre- and Post-Return Assistance. International Migration Review 2009; 43(4): 908– 37.
  5. [5]Ager A, Strang A. Understanding Integration: A Conceptual Framework. Journal of Refugee Studies 2008; 21(2): 166– 91.
  6. [7]Davies AA, Borland RM, Blake C, West HE. The Dynamics of Health and Return Migration. PLoS Med 2011; 8(6): e1001046. 21738448 PMC3124523
  7. [8]Viruell-Fuentes EA, Miranda PY, Abdulrahim S. More than culture: Structural racism, intersectionality theory, and immigrant health. Soc Sci Med 2012; 75(12): 2099– 106. 22386617
  8. [9]Gil-González D, Carrasco-Portiño M, Vives-Cases C, Agudelo-Suárez AA, Castejón Bolea R, Ronda-Pérez E. Is health a right for all? An umbrella review of the barriers to health care access faced by migrants. Ethn Health 2014; 20(5): 523– 41. 25117877
  9. [12]Hagan J, Eschbach K, Rodriguez N. U.S. Deportation Policy, Family Separation, and Circular Migration. Int Migr Rev 2008; 42(1): 64– 88.
  10. [13]Wheatley C. Push Back: U.S. Deportation Policy and the Reincorporation of Involuntary Return Migrants in Mexico. The Latin Americanist 2011; 55(4): 35– 60.
  11. [14]Anderson J. “Tagged as a criminal”: Narratives of deportation and return migration in a Mexico City call center. Latino Studies 2015; 13(1): 8– 27.
  12. [16]Boehm DA. US-Mexico Mixed Migration in an Age of Deportation: An Inquiry into the Transnational Circulation of Violence. Refugee Survey Quarterly 2011; 30(1): 1– 21.
  13. [17]Bojorquez I, Aguilera RM, Ramirez J, Cerecero D, Mejia S. Common Mental Disorders at the Time of Deportation: A Survey at the Mexico-United States Border. J Immigr Minor Health 2014; 10.1007/s10903-014-0083-y. 25118675 · DOI
  14. [18]Fernández-Niño JA, Ramírez-Valdés CJ, Cerecero-Garcia D, Bojorquez-Chapela I. Deported Mexican migrants: health status and access to care. Rev Saude Publica 2014; 48(3): 478– 85. 25119943 PMC4203084
  15. [19]Degenhardt L, Whiteford HA, Ferrari AJ, Global burden of disease attributable to illicit drug use and dependence: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet 2013; 382(9904): 1564– 74. 23993281
  16. [21]Masferrer C, Roberts BR. Going Back Home? Changing Demography and Geography of Mexican Return Migration. Population Research and Policy Review 2012; 31: 465– 96.
  17. [22]Rhodes T. The ‘risk environment’: a framework for understanding and reducing drug-related harm. Int J Drug Policy 2002; 13: 85– 94.
  18. [23]Brouwer KC, Case P, Ramos R, Trends in the Production and Trafficking and Consumption of Methamphetamine and Cocaine in Mexico. Subst Use Misuse 2006; 41: 707– 27. 16603456 PMC2757051
  19. [24]Bucardo J, Brouwer KC, Magis-Rodriguez C, Historical Trends in the Production and Consumption of Illicit Drugs in Mexico: Implications for the Prevention of Blood Borne Infections. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005; 79: 281– 93. 16102372 PMC2196212
  20. [26]Guerrero EG, Villatoro JA, Kong Y, Gamino MB, Vega WA, Mora ME. Mexicans’ use of illicit drugs in an era of drug reform: national comparative analysis by migrant status. Int J Drug Policy 2014; 25(3): 451– 7. 24816376 PMC4071115
  21. [27]Borges G, Breslau J, Orozco R, A cross-national study on Mexico-US migration, substance use and substance use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011; 117(1): 16– 23. 21296509 PMC3110586
  22. [28]Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Orozco R, Fleiz C, Cherpitel C, Breslau J. The Mexican migration to the United States and substance use in northern Mexico. Addiction 2009; 104(4): 603– 11. 19215601 PMC2782571
  23. [29]Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Breslau J, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. The effect of migration to the United States on substance use disorders among returned Mexican migrants and families of migrants. Am J Public Health 2007; 97(10): 1847– 51. 17761563 PMC1994169
  24. [30]Zhang X, Martinez-Donate AP, Nobles J, Hovell MF, Rangel MG, Rhoads NM. Substance Use Across Different Phases of the Migration Process: A Survey of Mexican Migrants Flows. J Immigr Minor Health 2015; 10.1007/s10903-014-0109-5. PMC4506267 25595206 · DOI
  25. [31]Rangel MG, Martinez-Donate AP, Hovell MF, A two-way road: rates of HIV infection and behavioral risk factors among deported Mexican labor migrants. AIDS Behav 2012; 16(6): 1630– 40. 22562390 PMC3402603
  26. [32]Robertson AM, Rangel MG, Lozada R, Vera A, Ojeda VD. Male injection drug users try new drugs following U.S. deportation to Tijuana, Mexico. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 120(1–3): 142– 8. 21835559 PMC3245754
  27. [33]Ojeda VD, Robertson AM, Hiller SP, A Qualitative View of Drug Use Behaviors of Mexican Male Injection Drug Users Deported from the United States. J Urban Health 2011; 88(1): 104– 17. 21246301 PMC3042081
  28. [34]Martin YC. The syndemics of removal: trauma and substance abuse. In: Brotherton DC, Stageman DL, Leyro SP, editors. Outside Justice: Immigration and the Criminalizing Impact of Changing Policy and Practice New York: Springer; 2013.
  29. [35]Brotherton DC, Barrios L. Displacement and stigma: The social-psychological crisis of the deportee. Crime, Media, Culture 2009; 5(1): 29– 55.
  30. [36]Link BG, Phelan JC. Conceptualizing Stigma. Annual Review of Sociology 2001; 27: 363– 85.
  31. [37]Pinedo M, Burgos JL, Ojeda VD. A critical review of social and structural conditions that influence HIV risk among Mexican deportees. Microbes Infect 2014; 16(5): 379– 90. 24583278 PMC4236109
  32. [39]Fitzgerald J, Curtis KA, Corliss CL. Anxious Publics: Worries About Crime and Immigration. Comparative Political Studies 2012; 45(4): 477– 506.
  33. [40]Collins J, Reid C. Minority Youth, Crime, Conflict, and Belonging in Australia. Int Migration & Integration 2009; 10(4): 377– 91.
  34. [41]Simon RJ, Sikich KW. Public Attitudes toward Immigrants and Immigration Policies across Seven Nations. International Migration Review 2007; 41(4): 956– 62.
  35. [43]Link BG, Phelan JC. Stigma and its public health implications. Lancet 2006; 367(9509): 528– 9. 16473129
  36. [44]Ojeda VD, Eppstein A, Lozada R, Establishing a binational student-run free-clinic in Tijuana, Mexico: a model for US-Mexico border states. J Immigr Minor Health 2014; 16(3): 546– 8. 23371839 PMC3710293
  37. [46]Ferraiolo N, Pinedo MM, J., Burgos JL, Vargas-Ojeda AC, Rodriguez M, Ojeda VD. Depressive symptoms among patients at a clinic in the Red Light District of Tijuana, Mexico. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health In press; 10.1080/17542863.2016.1144776. PMC5193242 28042307 · DOI
  38. [47]Adams J. Marked Difference: Tattooing and its Association with Deviance in the United States. Deviant Behavior 2009; 30(3): 266– 92.
  39. [48]Lane DC. Tat’s All Folks: An Analysis of Tattoo Literature. Sociology Compass 2014; 8(4): 398– 410.
  40. [49]Jennings WG, Fox BH, Farrington DP. Inked into crime? An examination of the causal relationship between tattoos and life-course offending among males from the cambridge study in delinquent development. Journal of Criminal Justice 2014; 42(1): 77– 84.
  41. [50]García V, González L. Labor Migration, Drug Trafficking Organizations, and Drug Use: Major Challenges for Transnational Communities in Mexico. Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development 2009; 38(2–4): 303– 44. 20927201 PMC2949286
  42. [51]Degenhardt L, Mathers B, Guarinieri M, Meth/amphetamine use and associated HIV: Implications for global policy and public health. Int J Drug Policy 2010; 21(5): 347– 58. 20117923
  43. [52]Degenhardt L, Hall W. Extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease. Lancet 2012; 379: 55– 70. 22225671
  44. [53]Martinez-Donate AP, Hovell MF, Rangel MG, Migrants in transit: the importance of monitoring HIV risk among migrant flows at the Mexico-US border. Am J Public Health 2015; 105(3): 497– 509. 25602882 PMC4330846
  45. [54]Strathdee SA, Magis-Rodriguez C, Mays VM, Jimenez R, Patterson TL. The emerging HIV epidemic on the Mexico-U.S. border: an international case study characterizing the role of epidemiology in surveillance and response. Ann Epidemiol 2012; 22(6): 426– 38. 22626001 PMC3361703
  46. [55]Rhodes T, Singer M, Bourgois P, Friedman SR, Strathdee SA. The social structural production of HIV risk among injecting drug users. Soc Sci Med 2005; 61(5): 1026– 44. 15955404
  47. [56]Gutierrez JP, Garcia-Saiso S, Dolci GF, Hernandez Avila M. Effective access to health care in Mexico. BMC Health Serv Res 2014; 14: 186. 24758691 PMC4006670
  48. [57]Horyniak D, Higgs P, Cogger S, Dietze P, Bofu T. Heavy alcohol consumption among marginalised African refugee young people in Melbourne, Australia: motivations for drinking, experiences of alcohol-related problems and strategies for managing drinking. Ethn Health 2015; 21(3): 284– 99. 26169071
  49. [58]Posselt M, Procter N, Galletly C, Crespigny C, de Crespigny C. Aetiology of coexisting mental health and alcohol and other drug disorders: Perspectives of refugee youth and service providers. Australian Psychologist 2015; 50(2): 130– 40.
  50. [60]Blanco C, Morcillo C, Alegría M, Acculturation and drug use disorders among Hispanics in the U.S. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47(2): 226– 32. 23128062 PMC3529964
  51. [61]Carter-Pokras O, Zambrana RE, Yankelvich G, Estrada M, Castillo-Salgado C, Ortega AN. Health status of Mexican-origin persons: do proxy measures of acculturation advance our understanding of health disparities? J Immigr Minor Health 2008; 10(6): 475– 88. 18470618
  52. [62]Antecol H, Bedard K. Unhealthy assimilation: Why do immigrants converge to American health status levels? Demography 2006; 43(2): 337– 60. 16889132

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Horyniak, D., Pinedo, M., Burgos, J. L., & Ojeda, V. D.
Affiliations
  • Burnet Institute (AU)
  • Alcohol Research Group (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
Corresponding author
Ojeda, Victoria D.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2016-10-24
Volume
19
Issue
5
Pages
1196-1206
ISSN
  • 1557-1912 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-1920
DOI
10.1007/s10903-016-0518-8
PMC
PMC6525007
OpenAlex
W2533080826
Cited by
19
References
4
Citations by year
2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2
FWCI
2.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Australian Endeavour Awards (4722_2015)
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (1092077)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (T32AA007240)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA025504)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH095680)
  • University of California GloCal Health Fellowship
  • Center for US-Mexican Studies Fellowship
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Identity, and Health
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
Keywords
deportation, deportees, drug use, social integration, Mexican immigrants, Tijuana, prison history, employment, household affluence, health insurance, housing, citizen participation, social connectedness
MeSH terms
Undocumented Immigrants, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Mexico, Middle Aged, Prisoners, Risk Factors, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Logistic Models, Substance-Related Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review