Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions in Return-to-Work for Musculoskeletal, Pain-Related and Mental Health Conditions: An Update of the Evidence and Messages for Practitioners

Cullen, K. L.; Irvin, E.; Collie, A.; Clay, F.; Gensby, U.; Jennings, P. A.; Hogg-Johnson, S.; Kristman, V.; Laberge, M.; McKenzie, D.; Newnam, S.; Palagyi, A.; Ruseckaite, R.; Sheppard, D. M.; Shourie, S.; Steenstra, I.; Van Eerd, D.; Amick, B. C.

doi:10.1007/s10926-016-9690-x

Cited by 454Medical Practices and RehabilitationWorkplace Health and Well-beingMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation

Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions in Return-to-Work for Musculoskeletal, Pain-Related and Mental Health Conditions: An Update of the Evidence and Messages for Practitioners

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Cullen, K. L., Irvin, E., Collie, A., Clay, F., Gensby, U., Jennings, P. A., Hogg-Johnson, S., Kristman, V. +10 more·2018·Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1007/s10926-016-9690-xPMC PMC5820404

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Abstract

Purpose The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of workplace-based return-to-work (RTW) interventions and work disability management (DM) interventions that assist workers with musculoskeletal (MSK) and pain-related conditions and mental health (MH) conditions with RTW. Methods We followed a systematic review process developed by the Institute for Work & Health and an adapted best evidence synthesis that ranked evidence as strong, moderate, limited, or insufficient. Results Seven electronic databases were searched from January 1990 until April 2015, yielding 8898 non-duplicate references. Evidence from 36 medium and high quality studies were synthesized on 12 different intervention categories across three broad domains: health-focused, service coordination, and work modification interventions. There was strong evidence that duration away from work from both MSK or pain-related conditions and MH conditions were significantly reduced by multi-domain interventions encompassing at least two of the three domains. There was moderate evidence that these multi-domain interventions had a positive impact on cost outcomes. There was strong evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy interventions that do not also include workplace modifications or service coordination components are not effective in helping workers with MH conditions in RTW. Evidence for the effectiveness of other single-domain interventions was mixed, with some studies reporting positive effects and others reporting no effects on lost time and work functioning. Conclusions While there is substantial research literature focused on RTW, there are only a small number of quality workplace-based RTW intervention studies that involve workers with MSK or pain-related conditions and MH conditions. We recommend implementing multi-domain interventions (i.e. with healthcare provision, service coordination, and work accommodation components) to help reduce lost time for MSK or pain-related conditions and MH conditions. Practitioners should also consider implementing these programs to help improve work functioning and reduce costs associated with work disability.

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Integrated care is effective in promoting return to work and in reducing disability and sick leave days due to chronic pain and poor mental health.
“Evidence suggests that such integrated care is effective both in promoting return to work and in reducing disability and sick leave days due to both chronic pain and poor mental health [6].”
From Comparing the efficacy of multidisciplinary assessment and treatment, or acceptance and commitment therapy, with treatment as usual on health outcomes in women on long-term sick leave—a randomised controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as [6]

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[2]Black CM Working for a healthier tomorrow: Dame Carol Black’s review of the health of Britain’s working age population: presented to the Secretary of state for health and the Secretary of state for work and Pensions 2008 London The Stationery Office
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Authors: Cullen, K. L., Irvin, E., Collie, A., Clay, F., Gensby, U., Jennings, P. A., Hogg-Johnson, S., Kristman, V., Laberge, M., McKenzie, D., Newnam, S., Palagyi, A., Ruseckaite, R., Sheppard, D. M., Shourie, S., Steenstra, I., Van Eerd, D., & Amick, B. C.
Affiliations: Institute for Work & Health (CA)
Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research (AU)
Rehabiliteringssenteret AiR (NO)
Monash University (AU)
CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center (CA)
Florida International University (US)
Corresponding author: Cullen, K. L.
ORCID: Cullen, K. L.
Irvin, E.
Collie, A.
Clay, F.
Gensby, U.
Jennings, P. A.
Kristman, V.
Laberge, M.
Newnam, S.
Ruseckaite, R.
Sheppard, D. M.
Shourie, S.
Steenstra, I.
Venue: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2017-02-21
Volume: 28
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-15
ISSN: 1053-0487 (ISSN-L)
1573-3688
DOI: 10.1007/s10926-016-9690-x
PMC: PMC5820404
OpenAlex: W2590965493
Cited by: 454
References: 97
Citations by year: 2026: 44 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 6 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 8.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Monash University Research Portal (Monash University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Institute for Safety Compensation and Recovery Research
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Keywords: return to work, workplace interventions, musculoskeletal disorders, mental illness, cognitive behavioral therapy, service coordination, work modification, workplace accommodations, lost time, work functioning, cost outcomes, multidomain intervention
MeSH terms: Absenteeism, Mental Disorders, Humans, Occupational Diseases, Cohort Studies, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Musculoskeletal Pain, Occupational Injuries, Return to Work

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Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions in Return-to-Work for Musculoskeletal, Pain-Related and Mental Health Conditions: An Update of the Evidence and Messages for Practitioners

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