Thermal Energy and the Origin of Life
Open accessAbstract
Life has evolved on Earth with electromagnetic radiation (light), fermentable organic molecules, and oxidizable chemicals as sources of energy. Biological use of thermal energy has not been observed although heat, and the thermal gradients required to convert it into free energy, are ubiquitous and were even more abundant at the time of the origin of life on Earth. Nevertheless, Earth-organisms sense thermal energy, and in suitable environments may have gained the capability to use it as energy source. It has been proposed that the first organisms obtained their energy by a first protein named pF(1) that worked on a thermal variation of the binding change mechanism of today's ATP sythase enzyme. Organisms using thermosynthesis may still live where light or chemical energy sources are not available. Possible suitable examples are subsurface environments on Earth and in the outer Solar System, in particular the subsurface oceans of the icy satellites of Jupiter and Saturn.
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A much larger variety of potential energy sources than just solar or chemical energy are available both on Earth and other planetary bodies.
“A much larger variety of potential energy sources than just solar or chemical energy are available both on Earth and other planetary bodies.”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Muller and Schulze-Makuch, 2006
Known life can respond to a wide range of energy sources not currently utilized in biological systems, including thermal energy, pressure, movement of water and air, gravity, and electromagnetic fields.
“In particular, known life can respond to a wide range of energy sources not currently utilized in biological systems, including thermal energy, pressure, movement of water and air, gravity, and electromagnetic fields (Muller and Schulze-Makuch, 2006).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Muller and Schulze-Makuch, 2006
Thermal energy could potentially drive life processes, given the ubiquity of thermal energy and thermal gradients in the Universe.
“Thermal energy could potentially drive life processes, given the ubiquity of thermal energy and thermal gradients in the Universe (Muller and Schulze-Makuch, 2006).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Muller and Schulze-Makuch, 2006
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- Authors
- Muller, A. W. J., & Schulze-Makuch, D.
- Affiliations
- Washington State University (US)
- Venue
- Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 177-189
- ISSN
- 0169-6149 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0875
- OpenAlex
- W2025261166
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Keywords
- thermal energy, origin of life, ATP synthase, temperature gradient, subsurface environments, icy satellites, subsurface ocean, extremophiles
- MeSH terms
- Origin of Life, Hot Temperature, Models, Theoretical, Oceans and Seas, ATP Synthetase Complexes
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