Accumulation of Geranylgeranylated Chlorophylls in the Pigment-Protein Complexes of Arabidopsis Thaliana Acclimated to Green Light: Effects on the Organization of Light-Harvesting Complex II and Photosystem II Functions
Open accessAbstract
Light quality significantly influences plant metabolism, growth and development. Recently, we have demonstrated that leaves of barley and other plant species grown under monochromatic green light (500-590 nm) accumulated a large pool of chlorophyll a (Chl a) intermediates with incomplete hydrogenation of their phytyl chains. In this work, we studied accumulation of these geranylgeranylated Chls a and b in pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) of Arabidopsis plants acclimated to green light and their structural-functional consequences on the photosynthetic apparatus. We found that geranylgeranylated Chls are present in all major PPCs, although their presence was more pronounced in light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) and less prominent in supercomplexes of photosystem II (PSII). Accumulation of geranylgeranylated Chls hampered the formation of PSII and PSI super- and megacomplexes in the thylakoid membranes as well as their assembly into chiral macrodomains; it also lowered the temperature stability of the PPCs, especially that of LHCII trimers, which led to their monomerization and an anomaly in the photoprotective mechanism of non-photochemical quenching. Role of geranylgeranylated Chls in adverse effects on photosynthetic apparatus of plants acclimated to green light is discussed.
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By using communication protocols such as MQTT and LoRaWAN, the FytoScope FS 130 enables data transfer to the cloud and remote management of cultivation conditions, making it suitable for long-term biotechnological experiments.
“By using communication protocols such as MQTT and LoRaWAN, the device enables data transfer to the cloud and remote management of cultivation conditions, making it an ideal solution for long-term biotechnological experiments [257].”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [257]
Materials and methods (Plant material and growth conditions; page unavailable) identifies the FytoScope FS130 as a growth chamber used for two weeks under controlled conditions. It does not describe MQTT, LoRaWAN, cloud data transfer, remote management, or suitability for long-term experiments; searches for the protocols and remote control found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe FytoScope FS 130 system combines controlled LED illumination with precise monitoring of photosynthetic performance of microalgae via chlorophyll fluorescence.
“The FytoScope FS 130 system from Photon Systems Instruments (PSI) combines controlled LED illumination with precise monitoring of the photosynthetic performance of microalgae via chlorophyll fluorescence.”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [257]
In Materials and methods, ‘Plant material and growth conditions,’ the paper identifies the FytoScope FS130 as a growth chamber used to expose Arabidopsis plants to controlled green LED light. The ‘Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements’ and ‘Chlorophyll a fluorescence spectroscopy’ sections attribute fluorescence measurements to separate instruments, not the FytoScope. The paper does not support the claim that this system monitors microalgae through chlorophyll fluorescence. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Karlický, V., Kmecová Materová, Z., Kurasová, I., Nezval, J., Štroch, M., Garab, G., & Špunda, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Ostrava (CZ)
- Corresponding author
- Karlický, Václav
- Garab, Győző
- Venue
- Photosynthesis Research
- Published
- 2021-05-04
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 233-252
- ISSN
- 0166-8595 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-5079
- PMC
- PMC8382614
- OpenAlex
- W3157320413
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Photosynthesis Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky (19-13637S, 18-12178S)
- Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797, LM2018123)
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (K 128679)
- ELKH Biological Research Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- light-harvesting complex II, photosystem II, pigment-protein complexes, Arabidopsis thaliana, non-photochemical quenching, photoprotection, temperature stability
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Ocular, Chlorophyll, Arabidopsis, Photosystem II Protein Complex, Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes, Prenylation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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