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Body dysmorphic disorder in dermatology:A systematic review
Abstract
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric diagnosis of an impairing condition in which the patient is preoccupied with a slight or perceived defect in their appearance. BDD patients have a higher rate of psychiatric comorbidities than the background population which include obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, anxiety and suicide. It causes distress and affects the patient's quality of life. It is previously found that the prevalence of patients that suffers from BDD is higher among dermatology patients than in the background population. To create an overview of the original literature that exist on topic: BDD in dermatology. A systematic review was conducted by two reviewers. PubMed was searched using a predefined search string created in collaboration between the authors and a bibliographic fellow on 18th of August 2018 and again in January 2020. 45 articles were obtained and after exclusion 5 relevant articles remained. Dermatology patients have a higher incidence of BDD than the background population. BDD patients are significantly younger and it has been suggested that BDD develops during adolescence but is diagnosed with a delay of several years because patients seek out health care professionals among non-mental health specialists. BDD does not appear associated with the setting, i.e. cosmetic vs general dermatology, but BDD patients have a lower quality of life and are more commonly unemployed or on sick leave. It is often difficult to treat, and a combination of the dermatologic treatment and the psychiatric treatment may be necessary in the context of visible skin pathology.
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In an Indian study, stressful life events were reported in 26% of patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 16% of patients with chronic urticaria within one year preceding onset or exacerbation of the skin conditions.
“An Indian study reported stressful life events in 26% of patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 16% of patients with chronic urticaria within one year preceding onset or exacerbation of the skin conditions.[18]”
From Management of psychiatric disorders with HIV and dermatological disorders (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
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“[20] The most common age of onset of BDD is ages 12–13 years with equal gender distribution.”
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Aesthetic surgeries in body dysmorphic disorder: clinical and gender-specific patternsPreprint
Diele, J., Witte, A., Barenbrügge, J., Schulte, J., & Buhlmann, U. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.11.17.25340436
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Metadata
- Authors
- Herbst, I., & Jemec, G. B. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Herbst, Isabella
- Venue
- Psychiatric Quarterly
- Published
- 2020-05-29
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1003-1010
- ISSN
- 0033-2720 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6709
- OpenAlex
- W3029941404
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatric Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
- Keywords
- body dysmorphic disorder, dermatology patients, psychiatric comorbidity, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, suicide, quality of life, prevalence, adolescent onset, delayed diagnosis, cosmetic dermatology
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Dermatology, Humans, Quality of Life, Prevalence, Body Dysmorphic Disorders
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