The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mechanisms and the Evidence Hierarchy
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“Russo and Williamson (2007) and Clarke et al. (2014) have revived the arguments of Bradford Hill (1965) and Mackie (1974) to show how this can be done.”
From Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: a critical review (2021) · cites this paper as Clarke et al. (2014)
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“In variance-based approaches, the methodological gold standard is an actual experiment (randomized controlled trial, or RCT), which if properly designed, enables strong causal inferences about the mean causal effect of a given treatment variable within the studied sample (Gerring, 2011; Clarke et al, 2014).”
From Multi-Method Research in the Social Sciences: A Review of Recent Frameworks and a Way Forward (2020) · cites this paper as Clarke et al, 2014
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“Evidence of (causal) correlation between a PD intervention and pupil outcomes provides evidence that an intervention as a whole is effective.”
From Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: a critical review (2021) · cites this paper as Clarke et al., 2014
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“Clarke et al. (2014, p. 19) argue that these two types of evidence”
From Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: a critical review (2021) · cites this paper as Clarke et al. (2014)
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“The second key challenge is the problem of 'masking' (Steel, 2008: 68; Clarke et al 2014). Masking means that a given cause might be linked to the same outcome through multiple mechanisms that can have different effects on the outcome.”
From Multi-Method Research in the Social Sciences: A Review of Recent Frameworks and a Way Forward (2020) · cites this paper as Clarke et al 2014
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Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
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Hill, A. B. (2015) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/0141076814562718 · Cited by 7,804
Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings
Shrout, P. E. (1980) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(80)90063-4 · Cited by 6,091
Yeh, M. (2014) · Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000065 · Cited by 3,836
Machamer, P., Darden, L., & Craver, C. F. (2000) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/392759 · Cited by 3,179
Craver, C. F. (2007) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199299317.001.0001 · Cited by 2,099
Effects of dalcetrapib in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome
Schwartz, G. G., Olsson, A. G., Abt, M., Ballantyne, C. M., Barter, P. J., Brumm, J., Chaitman, B. R., Holme, I. M., Kallend, D., Leiter, L. A., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1206797 · Cited by 2,022 · cited 2×
“However, hopes were dashed when a large study, known as dal-OUTCOMES (Schwartz et al. 2012), was terminated in May 2012 on the grounds of futility.”
BackgroundPatient Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research
Munro, S. A., Lewin, S. A., Smith, H. J., Engel, M. E., Fretheim, A., & Volmink, J. (2007) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040238 · Cited by 1,080
Evidence-Based Public Health: Moving Beyond Randomized Trials
Victora, C. G., Habicht, J.-P., & Bryce, J. (2004) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.94.3.400 · Cited by 1,056
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- Howick J (2011) Exposing the vanities—and a qualified defence—of mechanistic evidence in clinical decision-making. Philos Sci 78(5):926–940. Proceedings of the Biennial PSA 2010
- Lucas R (1976) Econometric policy evaluation. In: Brunner K, Meltzer A (eds) The Phillips curve and labor markets, volume 1 of Carnegie–Rochester conference series on public policy. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 161–168
- OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group (2011) The Oxford 2011 levels of evidence. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=5653
- Rothman K, Greenland S, Lash T (2008) Modern epidemiology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: a critical review
Sims, S., & Fletcher-Wood, H. (2021) · School Effectiveness and School Improvement · doi:10.1080/09243453.2020.1772841 · Cited by 582
Repertoires: A post-Kuhnian perspective on scientific change and collaborative research
Ankeny, R. A., & Leonelli, S. (2016) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A · doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2016.08.003 · Cited by 186
Craver, C. F., & Krickel, B. (2019) · doi:10.1093/obo/9780195396577-0395 · Cited by 185
Diener, E., Northcott, R., Zyphur, M. J., & West, S. G. (2022) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916211037670 · Cited by 174
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Metadata
- Authors
- Clarke, B., Gillies, D., Illari, P., Russo, F., & Williamson, J.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- University of Kent (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Illari, Phyllis
- Venue
- Topoi
- Published
- 2013-12-03
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 339-360
- ISSN
- 0167-7411 (ISSN-L)
- 1572-8749
- OpenAlex
- W1965394391
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 70.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Topoi (publishedVersion)
- Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Cambridge
- University of Oxford
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Vlaamse regering
- Arts and Humanities Research Council (AH/J011185/1)
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Keywords
- evidence hierarchy, evidence-based medicine, causal claims, causal inference
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