Using a bird community index to evaluate national parks in the urbanized national capital region

R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing

R Core Team (2000) · doi:10.32614/r.manuals · Cited by 355,706 · see citing works

Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists

Quinn, G. P., & Keough, M. J. (2002) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511806384 · Cited by 10,674 · see citing works

Urbanization as a major cause of biotic homogenization

McKinney, M. L. (2005) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.09.005 · Cited by 3,910 · see citing works

Urbanization, Biodiversity, and Conservation

McKinney, M. (2002) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0883:ubac]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 3,427 · see citing works

Effectiveness of Parks in Protecting Tropical Biodiversity

Bruner, A., Gullison, R. E., Rice, R. E., & da Fonseca, G. A. B. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.291.5501.125 · Cited by 1,708 · see citing works

Biological Integrity: A Long‐Neglected Aspect of Water Resource Management

Karr, J. R. (1991) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.2307/1941848 · Cited by 1,548 · see citing works

Multivariate Statistics for Wildlife and Ecology Research

McGarigal, K., Stafford, S., & Cushman, S. (2000) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1288-1 · Cited by 1,548 · see citing works

Land Use and Avian Species Diversity Along an Urban Gradient

Blair, R. B. (1996) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.2307/2269387 · Cited by 1,500 · see citing works

Spatially Balanced Sampling of Natural Resources

Stevens, D. L., & Olsen, A. R. (2004) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1198/016214504000000250 · Cited by 1,294 · see citing works

Measuring the extent and effectiveness of protected areas as an indicator for meeting global biodiversity targets

Chape, S., Harrison, J., Spalding, M., & Lysenko, I. (2005) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1592 · Cited by 1,172 · see citing works

Beyond opportunism: Key principles for systematic reserve selection

Pressey, R. L., Humphries, C., Margules, C. R., Vane-Wright, R. I., & Williams, P. H. (1993) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(93)90023-i · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works

Ecological perspective on water quality goals

Karr, J. R., & Dudley, D. R. (1981) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/bf01866609 · Cited by 961 · see citing works

The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966 - 2015. Version 12.23.2015

Fallon, J. E., Niven, D. K., Link, W. A., Ziolkowski, D. J., Pardieck, K. L., & Sauer, J. R. (2017) · USGS DOI Tool Production Environment · doi:10.5066/f7c24tnp · Cited by 943 · see citing works

Sources and sinks in population biology

Dias, P. C. (1996) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(96)10037-9 · Cited by 849 · see citing works

The Ecological Performance of Protected Areas

Gaston, K. J., Jackson, S. F., Cantú‐Salazar, L., & Cruz-Piñón, G. (2008) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.39.110707.173529 · Cited by 723 · see citing works

Nature conservation: cost effective biological surveys and data analysis

(1992) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/0006-3207(92)90596-f · Cited by 633 · see citing works

The conservation value of small, isolated fragments of lowland tropical rain forest

Turner, I. M., & Corlett, R. T. (1996) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(96)10046-x · Cited by 628 · see citing works

Are We Conserving What We Say We Are? Measuring Ecological Integrity within Protected Areas

Parrish, J., Braun, D. P., & Unnasch, R. S. (2003) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0851:awcwws]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 443 · see citing works

Monitoring Vertebrate Populations

Davitt, B. B., Thompson, W. L., White, G. C., & Gowan, C. (1999) · Journal of Range Management · doi:10.2307/4003499 · Cited by 431 · see citing works

Dynamics of urban growth in the Washington DC metropolitan area, 1973-1996, from Landsat observations

Masek, J. G., Lindsay, F., & Goward, S. N. (2000) · International Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/014311600750037507 · Cited by 391 · see citing works

Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts

Krementz, D. G., Ralph, C. J., Sauer, J. R., & Droege, S. (1997) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3802161 · Cited by 388 · see citing works

Managing and Monitoring Birds Using Point Counts: Standards and Applications

Ralph, C. J., Droege, S. A. D. T., & Sauer, J. R. (1995) · Cited by 379 · see citing works

Bird Communities and Habitat as Ecological Indicators of Forest Condition in Regional Monitoring

Canterbury, G. E., Martin, T. E., Petit, D. R., Petit, L. J., & Bradford, D. F. (2000) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98235.x · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Systems for Assessing the Effectiveness of Management in Protected Areas

Hockings, M. T. (2003) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0823:sfateo]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 339 · see citing works

Monitoring Vertebrate Populations

(1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-688960-4.x5000-x · Cited by 331 · see citing works

Evaluating whether protected areas reduce tropical deforestation in Sumatra

Gaveau, D., Epting, J., Lyne, O. D., Linkie, M., Kumara, I., Kanninen, M., & Leader‐Williams, N. (2009) · Journal of Biogeography · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02147.x · Cited by 312 · see citing works

Foraging guilds of North American birds

Graaf, R. M. D., Tilghman, N. G., & Anderson, S. H. (1985) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/bf01867324 · Cited by 267 · see citing works

The north american breeding bird survey.

Bystrak, D. (1981) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · Cited by 266 · see citing works

Importance of Reserve Size and Landscape Context to Urban Bird Conservation

Donnelly, R. E., & Marzluff, J. M. (2004) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00032.x · Cited by 262 · see citing works

BIRD GUILDS AS INDICATORS OF ECOLOGICAL CONDITION IN THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS

O’Connell, T. J., Jackson, L. E., & Brooks, R. P. (2000) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1706:bgaioe]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

Monitoring the condition of natural resources in US national parks

Fancy, S., Gross, J., & Carter, S. (2009) · Environmental Monitoring & Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-008-0257-y · Cited by 213 · see citing works

The ecological effectiveness of protected areas: The United Kingdom

Gaston, K. J., Charman, K., Jackson, S. F., Armsworth, P. R., Bonn, A., Briers, R. A., Callaghan, C. S. Q., Catchpole, R., Hopkins, J., Kunin, W. E., et al. (2006) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.03.013 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

FOREST FRAGMENTATION AND BIRD COMMUNITY DYNAMICS: INFERENCE AT REGIONAL SCALES

Boulinier, T., Nichols, J. D., Hines, J. E., Sauer, J. R., Flather, C. H., & Pollock, K. H. (2001) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[1159:ffabcd]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 208 · see citing works

Development of a Bird Integrity Index: Using Bird Assemblages as Indicators of Riparian Condition

Bryce, S. A., Hughes, R. M., & Kaufmann, P. R. (2002) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-002-2702-y · Cited by 196 · see citing works

The guild concept applied to management of bird populations

Verner, J. (1984) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/bf01867868 · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Effectiveness of natural protected areas to prevent land use and land cover change in Mexico

Figueroa, F., & Sánchez-Cordero, V. M. (2008) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-008-9423-3 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

Protected Area Assessments in Perspective

Ervin, J. (2003) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0819:paaip]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 184 · see citing works

Values and Shortcomings of Small Reserves

Shafer, C. L. (1995) · BioScience · doi:10.2307/1312609 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Monitoring and evaluating the ecological integrity of forest ecosystems

Tierney, G. L., Faber‐Langendoen, D., MITCHELL, B. R., Shriver, W. G., & Gibbs, J. P. (2009) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/070176 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Use of avian and mammalian guilds as indicators of cumulative impacts in riparian-wetland areas

Croonquist, M. J., & Brooks, R. P. (1991) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/bf02589628 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

The current configuration of protected areas in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa—reservation bias and representation of biodiversity patterns and processes

Rouget, M., Richardson, D. M., & Cowling, R. M. (2003) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(02)00396-8 · Cited by 154 · see citing works

Spatial and temporal analysis of the distribution of forest specialists in an urban-fragmented landscape (Madrid, Spain) Implications for local and regional bird conservation

Fernández-Juricic, E. (2004) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.09.001 · Cited by 151 · see citing works

Size-dependent resistance of protected areas to land-use change

Maiorano, L., Falcucci, A., & Boitani, L. (2008) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1756 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Influence of land use on the integrity of marsh bird communities of Chesapeake Bay, USA

DeLuca, W. V., Studds, C. E., Rockwood, L. L., & Marra, P. P. (2004) · Wetlands · doi:10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0837:ioluot]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Assessing representativeness of protected natural areas in Costa Rica for conserving biodiversity

Powell, G. V. N., Barborak, J. R., & Mario Rodriguez, S. (2000) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00115-9 · Cited by 130 · see citing works

LINKING DEMOGRAPHIC EFFECTS OF HABITAT FRAGMENTATION ACROSS LANDSCAPES TO CONTINENTAL SOURCE–SINK DYNAMICS

Lloyd, P., Martin, T. E., Redmond, R. L., Langner, U., & Hart, M. M. (2005) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/04-1243 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Status Review of the Protected‐Area System in Myanmar, with Recommendations for Conservation Planning

Rao, M., Rabinowitz, A. R., & Khaing, S. T. (2002) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00219.x · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Management costs for small protected areas and economies of scale in habitat conservation

Armsworth, P. R., Cantú‐Salazar, L., Parnell, M., Davies, Z. G., & Stoneman, R. E. (2010) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.09.026 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Importance of patch scale vs landscape scale on selected forest birds

Lee, M. J., Fahrig, L., Freemark, K. E., & Currie, D. J. (2002) · Oikos · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.960112.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Avian guild structure and habitat associations in suburban bird communities

DeGraaf, R. M., & Wentworth, J. M. (1986) · Urban Ecology · doi:10.1016/0304-4009(86)90012-4 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Monitoring Vertebrate Populations

Dodd, C. K., Thompson, W. L., White, G. C., & Gowan, C. (1999) · Copeia · doi:10.2307/1447510 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Bird Species Assemblages as Indicators of Biological Integrity in Great Basin Rangeland

Bradford, D. F., Franson, S. E., Neale, A., Heggem, D. T., Miller, G. R., & Canterbury, G. E. (1998) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1023/a:1005712405487 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Guild theory development as a mechanism for assessing environmental impact

Severinghaus, W. D. (1981) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/bf01873277 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Effects of land use management on biotic integrity: An investigation of bird communities

Glennon, M. J., & Porter, W. F. (2005) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.06.029 · Cited by 87 · see citing works

Edge‐Core Effects and the Effectiveness of Traditional Reserves in Conservation: Eurasian Badgers in Doñana National Park

Revilla, E., Palomares, F., & Delibes, M. (2001) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.99431.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works

Can common species benefit from protected areas?

Devictor, V., Godet, L., Julliard, R., Couvet, D., & Jiguet, F. (2007) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2007.05.021 · Cited by 79 · see citing works

Ecological integrity in urban forests

Ordóñez, C., & Duinker, P. N. (2012) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-012-0235-6 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Forest bird communities across a gradient of urban development

Minor, E. S., & Urban, D. L. (2009) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-009-0103-1 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

DETERMINANTS OF LOCAL EXTINCTION AND TURNOVER RATES IN URBAN BIRD COMMUNITIES

Husté, A., & Boulinier, T. (2007) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2007)017[0168:doleat]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

The ecological effectiveness of protected areas: a case study for South African birds

Greve, M., Chown, S. L., van Rensburg, B. J., Dallimer, M., & Gaston, K. J. (2011) · Animal Conservation · doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00429.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Extent of the Global Network of Terrestrial Protected Areas

Soutullo, Á. (2010) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01465.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Nature Conservation

Margules, C. R., & Austin, M. P. (1990) · CSIRO Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1071/9780643101241 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

The State of the BirdsUnited States of America2009

Ford, B., Schmidt, P. C., & Chu, M. (2009) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Development of a Bird Integrity Index: Measuring Avian Response to Disturbance in the Blue Mountains of Oregon, USA

Bryce, S. A. (2006) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-005-0152-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Development of a Grassland Integrity Index Based on Breeding Bird Assemblages

Coppedge, B. R., Engle, D. M., Masters, R. E., & Gregory, M. S. (2006) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-006-1237-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Multivariate statistics for wildlife and ecology research

Bogaert, J. (2001) · ORBi (University of Liège) · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Intact Forests in the United States: Proforestation Mitigates Climate Change and Serves the Greatest Good

Moomaw, W. R., Masino, S. A., & Faison, E. K. (2019) · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2019.00027 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

Ecosystem services, ecological integrity, and native species planting: How to balance these ideas in urban forest management?

Conway, T. M., Almas, A. D., & Coore, D. (2019) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2019.03.006 · Cited by 60 · see citing works

Overabundant deer and invasive plants drive widespread regeneration debt in eastern United States national parks

Miller, K. M., Perles, S. J., Schmit, J. P., Matthews, E. R., Weed, A. S., Comiskey, J. A., Marshall, M. R., Nelson, P., & Fisichelli, N. A. (2023) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.2837 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

National parks in the eastern<scp>U</scp>nited<scp>S</scp>tates harbor important older forest structure compared with matrix forests

Miller, K. M., Dieffenbach, F. W., Campbell, J. P., Cass, W. B., Comiskey, J. A., Matthews, E. R., McGill, B. J., Mitchell, B. R., Perles, S. J., Sanders, S., et al. (2016) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.1404 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Using regional bird community dynamics to evaluate ecological integrity within national parks

Ladin, Z. S., Higgins, C. D., Schmit, J. P., Sanders, G. M., Johnson, M. J., Weed, A. S., Marshall, M. R., Campbell, J. P., Comiskey, J. A., & Shriver, W. G. (2016) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.1464 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

A hierarchical analysis of habitat area, connectivity, and quality on amphibian diversity across spatial scales

Wright, A. D., Grant, E. H. C., & Zipkin, E. F. (2020) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-019-00963-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Species Richness and Species of Conservation Concern in Parks of Italian Towns

Sorace, A., & Gustin, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43314-1_21 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

A systematic review of the role of terrestrial vertebrates in ecological integrity assessment

Velásquez-C, K. L., Pérez-Maqueo, O., Guevara, R., Arregoitia, L. D. V., & Munguía‐Carrara, M. (2024) · Environmental and Sustainability Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.indic.2024.100426 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Potential for bird-based biotic indices in watershed assessments: a review of methods, applications, and suggestions for improvement

Njuguna, E. G., Murphy, C. A., Loftin, C. S., Hunter, M. L., Courtemanch, D. L., & Njoroge, P. (2026) · Environmental Reviews · doi:10.1139/er-2025-0173 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Response of grassland birds to management in national battlefield parks

Massa, M., Matthews, E. R., Shriver, W. G., & Cohen, E. B. (2023) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.22519 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Sustainable innovation in Pulp and Paper industry: Invasive alien species Phytolacca americana waste integration to commercial pulp. Physic-mechanical properties analysisPreprint

Iglesias, A., Cancela, Á., Picos, J., & Soler, A. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4148576/v1

Integration of Waste from Invasive Alien Species Phytolacca americana with Eucalyptus Commercial Pulp for Papermaking: A Review on the Evolution of Physic-Mechanical and Chemical Paper Properties

Iglesias, A., Cancela, Á., Picos, J., & Soler, A. (2024) · Environmental sciences · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1006336

Effects of landscape context on avian specialist response to increased surface temperature in protected areas

Rudge, L. J., Holland, A. M., & Shriver, W. G. (2026) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.70230

Using regional bird community dynamics to evaluate ecological integrity within national parks

Ladin, Z. S., Higgins, C. D., Schmit, J. P., Sanders, G. M., Johnson, M. J., Weed, A. S., Marshall, M. R., Campbell, J. P., Comiskey, J. A., & Shriver, W. G. (2016) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.1464 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Assessing and monitoring ecological integrity in parks and protected areas

Woodley, S. (1993) · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Metrics for conservation success: Using the “Bird‐Friendliness Index” to evaluate grassland and aridland bird community resilience across the Northern Great Plains ecosystem

Michel, N. L., Burkhalter, J. C., Wilsey, C. B., Holloran, M., Holloran, A. G., & Langham, G. (2020) · Diversity and Distributions · doi:10.1111/ddi.13163 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Predictability of Bird Community-Based Ecological Integrity Using Landscape Measurements

Johnson, G. D., Myers, W. L., O'Connel, T., Brooks, R. C., & Patil, G. P. (2002) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420032130.ch65 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Assessing national park resource condition along an urban–rural gradient in and around Washington, DC, USA

Lookingbill, T. R., Schmit, J. P., Tessel, S. M., Suarez‐Rubio, M., & Hilderbrand, R. H. (2014) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.12.025 · Cited by 16 · see citing works