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Cited by 21Geotechnical Engineering and Soil StabilizationConcrete and Cement Materials ResearchMaterials Engineering and Processing

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Strength enhancement of Ca(OH)2 activated ground granulated blast furnace slag-stabilized dredged sediments using Na2CO3

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Ma, Ning, Ye, Hailong, Choi, Clarence Edward, Zhang, Jiaqi·2025·Acta Geotechnica
DOI 10.1007/s11440-024-02470-1
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Abstract

The efficiency of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag in stabilizing dredged sediments with high water contents is suboptimal because the activators become diluted. To improve stabilization efficiency, additives such as nano-CaCO 3 are proposed. However, some of the proposed additives may not be practical owing to their high costs. This study experimentally investigates the addition of Na 2 CO 3 for the stabilization of dredged sediment with high water contents (i.e., 100%) using Ca(OH) 2 -activated slag. Experimental results show the optimal content of Na 2 CO 3 to obtain the highest 28-day unconfined compressive strength of stabilized sediments is 0.2% gravimetrically. Below the optimal content, the strength increases with Na 2 CO 3 content. Above the optimal content, a decrease in strength is observed. By examining the reaction products and microstructure of the stabilized dredged sediments, it is observed that the coupling mechanism of cation exchange and calcite precipitation promotes the development of finer capillary pores, leading to a reduction in interpore connectivity and lower structural heterogeneity of the fine capillary pores. Experimental evidence from this study broadens the practical applications of sustainable soil stabilization using additives.

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References 76 · Cited by 21

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Metadata

Authors
Ma, N., Ye, H., Choi, C. E., & Zhang, J.
Affiliations
University of Hong Kong (HK)
Corresponding author
  • Choi, Clarence Edward
  • Zhang, Jiaqi
ORCID
Venue
Acta Geotechnica
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2025-01-04
Volume
20
Issue
2
Pages
945-964
ISSN
  • 1861-1125 (ISSN-L)
  • 1861-1133
DOI
10.1007/s11440-024-02470-1
OpenAlex
W4406061112
Cited by
21
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 3
FWCI
7.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Acta Geotechnica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Environment and Conservation Fund
  • Green Tech Fund (GTF202110116)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Materials Engineering and Processing
Keywords
Na2CO3 additive, unconfined compressive strength, cation exchange, calcite precipitation, capillary pores, pore structure, soil stabilization additives

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Strength enhancement of Ca(OH)2 activated ground granulated blast furnace slag-stabilized dredged sediments using Na2CO3. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s11440-024-02470-1
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Ma, N., Ye, H., Choi, C. E., & Zhang, J. (2025). Strength enhancement of Ca(OH)2 activated ground granulated blast furnace slag-stabilized dredged sediments using Na2CO3. Acta Geotechnica. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-024-02470-1