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Cited by 207Resilience and Mental HealthCommunity Health and DevelopmentChild Abuse and Trauma

A Whole Community Approach toward Child and Youth Resilience Promotion: A Review of Resilience Literature

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Khanlou, Nazilla, Wray, Ron·2014·International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
DOI 10.1007/s11469-013-9470-1PMC PMC3913859
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Abstract

A literature review of child and youth resilience with a focus on: definitions and factors of resilience; relationships between resilience, mental health and social outcomes; evidence for resilience promoting interventions; and implications for reducing health inequities. To conduct the review, the first two following steps were conducted iteratively and informed the third step: 1) Review of published peer-review literature since 2000; and 2) Review of grey literature; and 3) Quasi-realist synthesis of evidence. Evidence from three perspectives were examined: i) whether interventions can improve ‘resilience’ for vulnerable children and youth; ii) whether there is a differential effect among different populations; and, iii) whether there is evidence that resilience interventions ‘close the gap’ on health and social outcome measures. Definitions of resilience vary as do perspectives on it. We argue for a hybrid approach that recognizes the value of combining multiple theoretical perspectives, epistemologies (positivistic and constructivist/interpretive/critical) in studying resilience. Resilience is: a) a process (rather than a single event), b) a continuum (rather than a binary outcome), and c) likely a global concept with specific dimensions. Individual, family and social environmental factors influence resilience. A social determinants perspective on resilience and mental health is emphasized. Programs and interventions to promoting resilience should be complimentary to public health measures addressing the social determinants of health. A whole community approach to resilience is suggested as a step toward closing the public health policy gap. Local initiatives that stimulate a local transformation process are needed. Recognition of each child’s or youth’s intersections of gender, lifestage, family resources within the context of their identity markers fits with a localized approach to resilience promotion and, at the same time, requires recognition of the broader determinants of population health.

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  • Resilience is a dynamic process of positive adaptation and can be developed at any time, because each person has different resilience at varying times.

    “From previous studies, resilience was considered to be a dynamic process of positive adaptation. Therefore, it could be developed at any time. This would be because each person would have different resilience at varying times [ 7, 33, 34].”

    From Effect of A Resilience Programme Through Group Dynamics on the Academic Problems of Grade 7 Students, Chiang Mai University Demonstration School (2022) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Abstract describes resilience as a process involving positive adaptation to adversity. In Review Findings, “Resilience: A Process and Multidimensional Concept,” the authors say it develops over time and that the same person’s resilience can vary as supports and challenges change. The paper does not establish that resilience can be developed at any time; it emphasizes the value of investing early in the life course. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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2 of the 64 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Adi Y Kiloran A Janmohamed K Stewart Brown S Systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions to promote mental wellbeing in primary schools–universal approaches which do not focus on violence and bullying 2007 Warwick University of Warwick
  2. Joubart, N., & Raeburn, J. (1998). Mental health promotion: People, power and passion. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Inaugural issue, 15–22.
  3. Khanlou, N., & Wray, R. (2010). Resilience and the promotion of protective factors among children and youth: review of concepts, promising practices and public health roles in mental health promotion. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada. (Unpublished).

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Authors
Khanlou, N., & Wray, R.
Affiliations
York University (CA)
Corresponding author
  • Khanlou, Nazilla
  • Wray, Ron
ORCID
Khanlou, Nazilla
Venue
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-01-15
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
64-79
ISSN
  • 1557-1874 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-1882
DOI
10.1007/s11469-013-9470-1
PMC
PMC3913859
OpenAlex
W2124726919
Cited by
207
References
64
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4
FWCI
12.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Public Health Agency of Canada
  • Public Health Agency
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Community Health and Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords
child resilience, youth resilience, whole-of-community approach, social determinants of health, mental health, health disparities, vulnerable children and adolescents, intersectionality, constructivist epistemology, public health policy, social outcomes

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