Closed-loop control of the heart rate by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve
Abstract
Stimulation of the vagus nerve potentially decreases the risk of sudden cardiac death. An improvement of the technique would be its regulation using the heart rate (HR) as a feedback variable. We address the possibility of closed-loop control of the HR, focusing on the stimulation parameters, nerve fibre populations and the reproducibility of the cardiovascular response. The response to electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve was studied in seven acute experiments on pigs. Feedback regulation of the HR over periods of 5 min was carried out. Three main populations of myelinated fibres were found. The performance of the controller was significantly better at amplitudes higher than those needed for stimulation of the myelinated components only. A 18% change in the duration of the RR interval could be controlled in all experiments. The possibility of closed-loop control of the HR seems to be promising.
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VNS has been proven effective in the treatment of chronic heart failure by improving left ventricular function.
“In addition to partial epilepsy and depression, VNS has also been proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic HF by improving the left ventricular function (48–50).”
From Climbing-inspired twining electrodes using shape memory for peripheral nerve stimulation and recording (2019) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Tosato, M., Yoshida, K., Toft, E., Nekrasas, V., & Struijk, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Aalborg University (DK)
- Aalborg University Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Tosato, Marco
- Venue
- Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 161-169
- ISSN
- 0140-0118 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018590351
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Keywords
- vagus nerve stimulation, rate control, feedback control, electrical stimulation, myelinated axons, sudden cardiac death prevention, RR interval, porcine model, cardiovascular response
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Blood Pressure, Electric Stimulation, Feedback, Female, Heart Rate, Monitoring, Physiologic, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Swine, Vagus Nerve
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