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Alcohol and HIV Disease Progression: Weighing the Evidence
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Heavy alcohol use is commonplace among HIV-infected individuals; however, the extent that alcohol use adversely impacts HIV disease progression has not been fully elucidated. Fairly strong evidence suggests that heavy alcohol consumption results in behavioral and biological processes that likely increase HIV disease progression, and experimental evidence of the biological effect of heavy alcohol on simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques is quite suggestive. However, several observational studies of the effect of heavy alcohol consumption on HIV progression conducted in the 1990s found no association of heavy alcohol consumption with time to AIDS diagnosis, while some more recent studies showed associations of heavy alcohol consumption with declines of CD4 cell counts and nonsuppression of HIV viral load. We discuss several plausible biological and behavioral mechanisms by which alcohol may cause HIV disease progression, evidence from prospective observational human studies, and suggest future research to further illuminate this important issue.
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“These include clear evidence that heavy drinking or alcohol use disorders are associated with viral load increases and/or CD4 count declines, mediated partly by treatment adherence and partly by the pharmacological interactions with anti‐retroviral and other medications to treat comorbidities (for mechanisms see 99, 128, 130, 132, 133, 134; for pharmacological interactions see 135, 136).”
From The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease—an update (2017) · cites this paper as [130]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hahn, J. A., & Samet, J. H.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco General Hospital (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hahn, Judith A.
- Venue
- Current HIV/AIDS Reports
- Published
- 2010-09-03
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 226-233
- ISSN
- 1548-3568 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-3576
- PMC
- PMC2938419
- OpenAlex
- W2166084084
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Current HIV/AIDS Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- OpenBU (Boston University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K24AA015674)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Keywords
- alcohol consumption, HIV disease progression, heavy drinking, CD4 count decline, HIV viral load, AIDS diagnosis, simian immunodeficiency virus, macaque, behavioral mechanisms, biological mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Disease Susceptibility, HIV, Humans, Liver Diseases, Patient Compliance, Risk-Taking, Health Behavior, HIV Infections, Behavior, Addictive, Disease Progression, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Anti-HIV Agents, Viral Load, Malnutrition
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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