Asthma in Children and Adolescents: A Comprehensive Approach to Diagnosis and Management
Open accessAbstract
Asthma is a chronic disease that has a significant impact on quality of life and is particularly important in children and adolescents, in part due to the higher incidence of allergies in children. The incidence of asthma has increased dramatically during this time period, with the highest increases in the urban areas of developed countries. It seems that the incidence in developing countries may follow this trend as well. While our knowledge of the pathophysiology of asthma and the available of newer, safer medication have both improved, the mortality of the disease has undergone an overall increase in the past 30 years. Asthma treatment goals in children include decreasing mortality and improving quality of life. Specific treatment goals include but are not limited to decreasing inflammation, improving lung function, decreasing clinical symptoms, reducing hospital stays and emergency department visits, reducing work or school absences, and reducing the need for rescue medications. Non-pharmacological management strategies include allergen avoidance, environmental evaluation for allergens and irritants, patient education, allergy testing, regular monitoring of lung function, and the use of asthma management plans, asthma control tests, peak flow meters, and asthma diaries. Achieving asthma treatment goals reduces direct and indirect costs of asthma and is economically cost-effective. Treatment in children presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management. Challenges in diagnosis include consideration of other diseases such as viral respiratory illnesses or vocal cord dysfunction. Challenges in management include evaluation of the child's ability to use inhalers and peak flow meters and the management of exercise-induced asthma.
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Young patients still face problems related to both cognitive and behavioral skills that hinder their ability to effectively administer asthma medications.
“However, young patients still face problems related to both cognitive and behavioral skills that hinder their ability to effectively administer asthma medications [30-35].”
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- Authors
- Chang, C.
- Affiliations
- Thomas Jefferson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chang, Christopher
- ORCID
- Chang, Christopher
- Venue
- Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
- Published
- 2011-03-29
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 98-137
- ISSN
- 1080-0549 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-0267
- PMC
- PMC7091307
- OpenAlex
- W2012917436
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 179
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational exposure and asthma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Keywords
- childhood asthma, asthma diagnosis, asthma management, asthma control, non-pharmacological treatment, allergen avoidance, asthma action plan, Asthma Control Test, peak flow meter, asthma diary, exercise-induced asthma, vocal cord dysfunction, asthma mortality, asthma incidence, quality of life, inhaler technique, cost-effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Allergens, Asthma, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Respiratory Function Tests, Respiratory Tract Infections, Virus Diseases
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