Psychosocial Profile of Women with Premenstrual Syndrome and Healthy Controls: A Comparative Study
Abstract
Purpose According to modern bio-psychosocial theories of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), the aim of this study is to investigate systematically associations between selected psychosocial factors and premenstrual symptoms in different menstrual cycle phases.Method Several psychosocial variables were assessed, in a sample of German women with PMS (N = 90) and without premenstrual complaints (N = 48) during the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Presence of PMS was indicated by analysis of contemporary daily ratings of premenstrual symptom severity and impairment for one menstrual cycle.Results Regarding perceived chronic stress (ƞ 2 = 0.34), self-efficacy (ƞ 2 = 0.12), and two dimensions of self-silencing (0.06 ≤ ƞ 2 ≤ 0.11) analyses revealed only a significant effect of group. Regarding body dissatisfaction and somatosensory amplification, a significant effect of group (0.07 ≤ ƞ 2 ≤ 0.16) and additionally a group by menstrual cycle phase interaction (ƞ 2 = 0.06) was identified. Regarding relationship quality, a significant effect of menstrual cycle phase (ƞ 2 = 0.08) and a group by menstrual cycle phase interaction (ƞ 2 = 0.06) was demonstrated. In respect to sexual contentment, acceptance of premenstrual symptoms, and the remaining two dimensions of self-silencing statistical analyses revealed no effects at all. Linear multiple regression analysis revealed that 20 % of the variance in PMS symptom severity was explained by the psychosocial variables investigated. Body dissatisfaction (ß = 0.26, p = 0.018) and the divided self-dimension of self-silencing (ß = 0.35, p = 0.016) were significant correlates of PMS severity.Conclusion Results of this study are consistent with previous research and additionally show patterns of associations between specific psychosocial factors and PMS in dependence of menstrual cycle phase that have not been researched before. The role of the psychosocial variables we investigated in regard to the development and maintenance of PMS should be clarified in future research.
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Many women who report PMDs also report higher levels of relationship dissatisfaction or difficulties.
“Many women who report PMDs also report higher levels of relationship dissatisfaction or difficulties [26–31].”
In the present study, levels of relationship adjustment as measured by the DAS were in the normal range.
“Whilst previous research has reported that women who report PMDs also report higher levels of relationship dissatisfaction or difficulties [26–31], this was not found in the present study, where levels of relationship adjustment as measured by the DAS were in the normal range.”
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- Authors
- Kleinstäuber, M., Schmelzer, K., Ditzen, B., Andersson, G., Hiller, W., & Weise, C.
- Affiliations
- Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- Linköping University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Kleinstäuber, Maria
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
- Published
- 2016-05-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 752-763
- ISSN
- 1070-5503 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7558
- OpenAlex
- W2346442759
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- No funding
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- premenstrual syndrome, psychosocial factors, menstrual cycle phases, body dissatisfaction, self-silencing, self-efficacy, somatosensory amplification, relationship quality, PMS symptom severity, biopsychosocial model
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Menstrual Cycle, Premenstrual Syndrome, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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