The accuracy of a disposable noninvasive core thermometer
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Perioperative hypothermia is still a common occurrence, and it can be difficult to measure a patient's core temperature accurately, especially during regional anesthesia, with placement of a laryngeal mask airway device, or postoperatively. We evaluated a new disposable double-sensor thermometer and compared the resulting temperatures with those of a distal esophageal thermometer and a bladder thermometer in patients undergoing general and regional anesthesia, respectively. Furthermore, we compared the accuracy of the thermometer between regional and general anesthesia, since forehead microcirculation might differ between the two types of anesthesia.Methods We assessed core temperature in 36 general anesthesia patients and 20 patients having regional anesthesia for orthopedic surgery. The temperatures obtained using the double-sensor thermometer were compared with those obtained with the distal esophageal thermometer in the general anesthesia population and those obtained with the bladder thermometer in regional anesthesia patients.Results In our general anesthesia patients, 90% (95% confidence interval [CI] 85 to 95) of all double-sensor values were within 0.5°C of esophageal temperatures. The average difference (bias) between the esophageal and double-sensor temperatures was -0.01°C. In patients undergoing regional anesthesia 89% (95% CI 80 to 97) of all double-sensor values were within 0.5°C of bladder temperatures. The average difference (bias) between the bladder and double-sensor temperatures was -0.13°C, limits of agreement were -0.65 to 0.40°C.Conclusions In a perioperative patient population undergoing general or regional anesthesia, the accuracy of the noninvasive disposable double-sensor thermometer is comparable with that of the distal esophageal and bladder thermometers in routine clinical practice. Furthermore, the sensor performed comparably in patients undergoing regional and general anesthesia.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Double Sensor provides a reliable and valid estimate of core body temperature.
“This approach has been tested in various space analogs and clinical settings and has been found to provide a reliable and valid estimate of CBT20–23.”
From Increased core body temperature in astronauts during long-duration space missions (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
The sensor probe applied to the forehead is a highly accurate surrogate compared to nasopharyngeal, esophageal and artery temperatures.
“Importantly, the sensor probe can be applied to the forehead, and has been shown to be highly accurate surrogate compared to nasopharyngeal20, esophageal23–27 and artery temperatures24.”
From Increased core body temperature in astronauts during long-duration space missions (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965 · see citing works
Beckett, A. H., Rowland, M., & TURNER, P. (1965) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91037-8 · Cited by 16,917 · see citing works
A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility.
Lin, L. I.-K. (1989) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532051 · Cited by 8,785 · see citing works
Kurz, A. M., Sessler, D. I., & Lenhardt, R. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199605093341901 · Cited by 2,782 · see citing works
Self-citationAgreement Between Methods of Measurement with Multiple Observations Per Individual
Bland, J. M., & Altman, D. G. (2007) · Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics · doi:10.1080/10543400701329422 · Cited by 1,864 · see citing works
Mild hypothermia increases blood loss and transfusion requirements during total hip arthroplasty
Schmied, H., Reiter, A., Kurz, A. M., Sessler, D. I., & Kozek, S. A. (1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90466-3 · Cited by 932 · see citing works
Self-citationMild Intraoperative Hypothermia Prolongs Postanesthetic Recovery
Lenhardt, R., Marker, E., Goll, V., Tschernich, H. D., Kurz, A. M., Sessler, D. I., Narzt, E., & Lackner, F. X. (1997) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199712000-00009 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Self-citationLefrant, J., Müller, L., COUSSAYE, J. E. D. L., Benbabaali, M., Lebris, C., Zeitoun, N., Mari, C., Saïssi, G., Ripart, J., & Eledjam, J. (2003) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-002-1619-5 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Thermoregulatory Thresholds during Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia
Ozaki, M., Kurz, A. M., Sessler, D. I., Lenhardt, R., Schroeder, M., Moayeri, A., Noyes, K. M., & Rotheneder, E. (1994) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199408000-00004 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationMoran, J. L., Peter, J. V., Solomon, P. J., Grealy, B., Smith, T., Ashforth, W., Wake, M., Peake, S., & Peisach, A. R. (2006) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000250318.31453.cb · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Reduction in the Shivering Threshold Is Proportional to Spinal Block Height
Leslie, K., & Sessler, D. I. (1996) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199606000-00008 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Comparison of rectal, axillary, and tympanic membrane temperatures in infants and young children
Muma, B. K., Treloar, D. J., Wurmlinger, K., Peterson, E., & Vitae, A. (1991) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81116-3 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Axillary and rectal temperature measurements in infants.
Morley, C. J., Hewson, P. H., Thornton, A. J., & Cole, T. J. (1992) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.67.1.122 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Insufficiency in a New Temporal-Artery Thermometer for Adult and Pediatric Patients
Suleman, M.-I., Doufas, A. G., Akça, O., Ducharme, M. B., & Sessler, D. I. (2002) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1097/00000539-200207000-00012 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Accuracy and precision of a novel non-invasive core thermometer
Kimberger, O., Thell, R., Schuh, M., Koch, J., Sessler, D. I., & Kurz, A. M. (2009) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aep134 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationCattaneo, C. G., Frank, S. M., Hesel, T. W., El-Rahmany, H. K., Kim, L. J., & Tran, K. M. (2000) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1097/00000539-200004000-00030 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Axillary temperature as a screening test for fever in children
Kresch, M. J. (1984) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80558-2 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Isoflurane Anesthesia and Circadian Temperature Cycles in Humans
Sessler, D. I., Lee, K. A., & McGuire, J. A. (1991) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199112000-00010 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Circadian changes in the sweating-to-vasoconstriction interthreshold range
Tayefeh, F., Plattner, O., Sessler, D. I., Ikeda, T., & Marder, D. (1998) · Pfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s004240050530 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Noninvasive Temperature Monitoring in Postanesthesia Care Units
Langham, G., Maheshwari, A., Contrera, K. J., You, J., Mascha, E. J., & Sessler, D. I. (2009) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e3181a864ca · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Cattaneo, C. G., Frank, S. M., Hesel, T. W., El-Rahmany, H. K., Kim, L. J., & Tran, K. M. (2000) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/00000539-200004000-00030 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Temporal Artery Versus Bladder Thermometry During Perioperative and Intensive Care Unit Monitoring
Kimberger, O., Cohen, D., Illievich, U. M., & Lenhardt, R. (2007) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000281927.88935.e0 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationTemperature Monitoring Practices During Regional Anesthesia
Frank, S. M., Nguyen, J. M., Garcia, C. M., & Barnes, R. A. (1999) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/00000539-199902000-00028 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Thermoregulatory effects of spinal and epidural anesthesia during cesarean delivery*1
Saito, T. (1998) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1098-7339(98)90017-7 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Jean-Mary, M. B., DiCanzio, J., Shaw, J. S., & Bernstein, H. H. (2002) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1067/mpd.2002.127664 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
A comparison of the use of tympanic, axillary, and rectal thermometers in infants
Wilshaw, R., Beckstrand, R. L., Waid, D., & Schaalje, G. B. (1999) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0882-5963(99)80042-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Hatano, Y., Nakamura, K., Yakushiji, T., Nishiwada, M., & Mori, K. (1990) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199009000-00023 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Genauigkeit derBlasentemperaturmessungbei intraabdominellen Eingriffen
Bräuer, A., Martin, J.-D., Schuhmann, M. U., Braun, U., & Weyland, W. (2000) · AINS - Anästhesiologie · Intensivmedizin · Notfallmedizin · Schmerztherapie · doi:10.1055/s-2000-12475 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 29 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Brauer A, Martin JD, Schuhmann MU, Braun U, Weyland W. Accuracy of intraoperative urinary bladder temperature monitoring during intra-abdominal operations (German). Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2000; 35: 435-9.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jeong, H., Lee, J. Y., Lee, K., Kang, Y. J., Kim, J.-T., Avila, R., Tzavelis, A., Kim, J., Ryu, H., Kwak, S. S., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg3092 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Increased core body temperature in astronauts during long-duration space missions
Stahn, A. C., Werner, A., Opatz, O., Maggioni, M. A., Steinach, M., von Ahlefeld, V. W., Moore, A., Crucian, B. E., Smith, S. M., Zwart, S. R., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15560-w · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationBräuer, A., Fazliu, A., Perl, T., Heise, D., Meissner, K., & Brandes, I. F. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78753-w · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Janke, D., Kagelmann, N., Storm, C., Maggioni, M. A., Kienast, C., Gunga, H., & Opatz, O. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.666908 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Soehle, M., Dehne, H., Hoeft, A., & Zenker, S. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-019-00430-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Forced-Air Warming During Pediatric Surgery
Triffterer, L., Marhofer, P., Sulyok, I., Keplinger, M., Mair, S., Steinberger, M., Klug, W., & Kimberger, O. (2015) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000001036 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationNemeth, M., Lovric, M., Asendorf, T., Bräuer, A., & Miller, C. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-020-00609-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Body Core Temperature Sensing: Challenges and New Sensor Technologies
Uth, M.-F., Koch, J., & Sattler, F. (2016) · Procedia Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.154 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationPerioperative measurement of core body temperature using an unobtrusive passive heat flow sensor
Atallah, L., Ciuhu, C., Paulussen, I., Bongers, E., Blom, A. H. M., Idrissi, A., & Noordergraaf, G. J. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-019-00446-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature
Mendt, S., Brauns, K., Friedl-Werner, A., Belavý, D. L., Steinach, M., Schlabs, T., Werner, A. T., Gunga, H., & Stahn, A. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.658707 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Bräuer, A., Fazliu, A., Brandes, I. F., Vollnhals, F., Grote, R., & Menzel, M. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-022-00851-z · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Eisenkraft, A., Goldstein, N., Fons, M., Tabi, M., Sherman, A. D., Ishay, A. B., Merin, R., & Nachman, D. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1279314 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sultana, R., Allen, J. C., Siow, Y. N., Bong, C. L., & Lee, S. Y. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-022-02317-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Perioperative temperature monitoring in general and neuraxial anesthesia: a survey study
Yüksek, A., Talıh, G., Kantekin, Ç. Ü., & Yardımcı, C. (2020) · Ain-Shams Journal of Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s42077-020-00065-y · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ehlers, U. E., Ulmer, J., Keller, M., Klein, C., & Pietsch, U. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-024-01199-2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Perioperative Temperature Management
Bräuer, A. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316335963 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Lauronen, S., Kalliomäki, M., Kalliovalkama, J., Aho, A., Huhtala, H., Yli‐Hankala, A., & Mäkinen, M. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-021-00799-6 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Nemeth, M., Klose, K., Asendorf, T., Pancaro, C., Mielke, B., Fazliu, A., Saager, L., Bräuer, A., & Miller, C. (2023) · European Journal of Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/eja.0000000000001796 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationEngelbart, G., Brandt, S., Scheeren, T., Tzabazis, A., Kimberger, O., & Kellner, P. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-023-01049-7 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationZeiner, S., Zadrazil, M., Willschke, H., Wiegele, M., Marhofer, P., Hammerle, F. P., Laxar, D., Gleiß, A., & Kimberger, O. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12227018 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationSimpson, G. L., & Rodseth, R. N. (2019) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s12871-019-0881-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Low Ambient Temperature Exposition Impairs the Accuracy of a Non-invasive Heat-Flux Thermometer
Masè, M., Werner, A. T., Putzer, G., Avancini, G., Falla, M., Brugger, H., Micarelli, A., & Strapazzon, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.830059 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Brandes, I. F., Tirilomis, T., Nemeth, M., Wieditz, J., & Bräuer, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-024-01204-8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Vawda, D., King, C., du Toit, L., Dyer, R. A., Masuku, N., & Bishop, D. G. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-024-01154-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Werner, A. T., Gunga, H., & Küpper, T. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0097.v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Werner, A. T., Gunga, H., & Küpper, T. (2024) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0097.v2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effects of Anaesthesia on Thermoregulation
Kimberger, O. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316443217.015
Self-citationAykaç, Z., Sizer, Ç., Kara, İ., Çolakoğlu, S. A., Arça, D. Ö., Erkalp, K., Akın, M., Köner, Ö., Atalan, N., Keskin, G., et al. (2022) · Akademisyen Kitabevi eBooks · doi:10.37609/akya.1430
Ehlers, U. E., Ulmer, J., Mirja, K., Carsten, K., & Pietsch, U. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4554391/v1
Kim, H. Y., Min, S. K., Park, H. Y., Kim, D. H., & Kim, T. K. (2025) · Anesthesia and Pain Medicine · doi:10.17085/apm.25252
- Authors
- Kimberger, O., Saager, L., Egan, C., Sanchez, I. P., Dizili, S., Koch, J., & Kurz, A.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Dräger (Germany) (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kurz, Andrea
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
- Published
- 2013-11-09
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1190-1196
- ISSN
- 0832-610X (ISSN-L)
- 1496-8975
- OpenAlex
- W179967708
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Keywords
- core body temperature, perioperative hypothermia, regional anesthesia, general anesthesia, bladder temperature, thermometer accuracy
- MeSH terms
- Anesthesia, Conduction, Anesthesia, General, Body Temperature, Disposable Equipment, Humans, Thermometers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
