The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Compassion for Others and Self-Compassion: Levels, Correlates, and Relationship with Psychological Well-being
Open accessAbstract
Compassion for others and self-compassion are assumed to be closely related concepts. Yet, as they have been mostly studied separately, little is known about their relationship and to what extent they differ or resemble each other with respect to their correlates. This cross-sectional study aimed to gain knowledge on their mean levels, interrelationship, and relationships to psychological well-being and demographic factors. A community sample of 328 adults completed a series of standardized self-report questionnaires to assess compassion for others, self-compassion, depressive symptoms, negative affect, and positive affect. Results showed that compassion for others and self-compassion were not significantly related. Self-compassion was more strongly related to negative and positive indicators of affect than compassion for others. Compassion for others was higher in women than in men, and in low educated individuals compared to higher educated individuals. In contrast, self-compassion was lower in low educated individuals. Future research can build up on these findings to enlarge the understanding of how compassion for others and self-compassion relate and differ from each other.
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“Findings related to the relationship between compassion for others and mental health are markedly different from findings related to self-compassion and psychopathology, and in line with previous research [13].”
From Validation of the compassionate engagement and action scales, compassion scale, and Sussex-Oxford compassion scales in a French-Canadian sample (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
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Citations
Cites
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“Negative and Positive Affect Negative and positive affect were measured with the 20-item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Peeters et al. 1999; Watson et al. 1988).”
MethodThe Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion
NEFF, K. D. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309027 · Cited by 6,436 · cited 11×
“Self-compassion also relates with improvements in self-reported indicators of positive affectivity, such as greater happiness, optimism, positive affect, and life satisfaction (Neff 2003a; Neff et al. 2007).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself
NEFF, K. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309032 · Cited by 5,440 · cited 11×
“Self-compassion also relates with improvements in self-reported indicators of positive affectivity, such as greater happiness, optimism, positive affect, and life satisfaction (Neff 2003a; Neff et al. 2007).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCompassion: an evolutionary analysis and empirical review
Goetz, J. L., Keltner, D., & Simon-Thomas, E. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0018807 · Cited by 2,200
Exploring compassion: A meta-analysis of the association between self-compassion and psychopathology
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Self‐Compassion Versus Global Self‐Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself
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“…we expected self-compassion to be significantly related to depressive symptoms, negative affect, and positive affect (MacBeth and Gumley 2012; Neff 2003a; Neff et al. 2007), and compassion for others to be significantly related to positive affect (Jazaieri et al. 2014; Mongrain et al. 2011).”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Gilbert, P. (2016). Three orientations of compassion and the development of their self-report measures. In M. Schroevers (Chair). Self-Compassion: assessment and benefits for psychological well-being. Symposium conducted at the Second International conference on mindfulness, Rome.
- Peeters, F., Ponds, R., Boon-Vermeeren, M., Hoorweg, M., Kraan, H., & Meertens, L. (1999). Handleiding bij de Nederlandse vertaling van de Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Maastricht: Universiteit Maastricht, Vakgroep Psychiatrie en Neuropsychologie.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Development and Validation of the Compassion Scale
Pommier, E., Neff, K. D., & Tóth-Király, I. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191119874108 · Cited by 345
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS)
Gu, J., Baer, R., Cavanagh, K., Kuyken, W., & Strauss, C. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191119860911 · Cited by 238
“…to large, between self-compassion and mindfulness, positive mental health, and well-being (e.g., Durkin, Beaumont, Martin, & Carson, 2016; López et al., 2018; Neff, 2003; Pommier, 2010), but no such relationships between compassion for others and these constructs (e.g., Durkin et al.,…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKirby, J. N., Day, J., & Sagar, V. (2019) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.03.001 · Cited by 232
Kupferberg, A., & Hasler, G. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100631 · Cited by 230
Self-Compassion and Current Close Interpersonal Relationships: a Scoping Literature Review
Lathren, C. R., Rao, S. S., Park, J., & Bluth, K. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01566-5 · Cited by 186
Metadata
- Authors
- López, A., Sanderman, R., Ranchor, A. V., & Schroevers, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- López, Angélica
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2017-07-18
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 325-331
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- PMC
- PMC5770484
- OpenAlex
- W2736494566
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 17.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Twente Research Information (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Forgiveness and Related Behaviors
- Keywords
- compassion for others, self-compassion, psychological well-being, affect, depressive symptoms, gender differences, educational attainment, positive affect, negative affect
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