Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly: Is it as Bad as we Think?
Open accessAbstract
Traumatic brain injury in elderly patients is a neglected global disease burden. The main cause is fall, followed by motor vehicle accidents. This review article summarizes different aspects of geriatric traumatic brain injury, including epidemiology, pathology, and effects of comorbidities and pre-injury medications such as antiplatelets and anticoagulants. Functional outcome with or without surgical intervention, cognitive outcome, and psychiatric complications are discussed. Animal models are also reviewed in attempt to explain the relationship of aging and outcome, together with advances in stem cell research. Though elderly people in general did fare worse after traumatic brain injury, certain "younger elderly" people, aged 65-75 years, could have a comparable outcome to younger adults after minor to moderate head injury.
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Elderly individuals are at greater risk to suffer significant cognitive impairment and early morbidity following TBI, potentially due to an already present dysfunction in the microglial compartment.
“Elderly individuals are at greater risk to suffer significant cognitive impairment and early morbidity following TBI, potentially due to an already present dysfunction in the microglial compartment [109,122,123].”
From Untangling senescent and damage‐associated microglia in the aging and diseased brain (2023) · cites this paper as [123]
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Wong, G. K. C., Ngai, K., Wong, A., Lam, S. W., Mok, V., Yeung, J., Rainer, T. H., Wong, R., & Poon, W. S. (2011) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-011-1198-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurological outcomes of neurosurgical operations for multiple trauma elderly patients in Hong Kong
Poon, W., Wong, G. K. C., Graham, C. A., Ng, E., Yeung, J. H. H., & Rainer, T. H. (2011) · Journal of Emergencies Trauma and Shock · doi:10.4103/0974-2700.83861 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationTopical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Somatic Organs—A Preliminary Report
Lam, P. K., Ng, C., To, K. F., Ng, S. S. M., Mak, T. W. C., Chan, E., Lo, A. W. I., Lai, F. M., Poon, W. S., & Lai, P. B. S. (2011) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e318221d3b7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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The burden of neurological disease in the U nited S tates: A summary report and call to action
Gooch, C. L., Pracht, E. E., & Borenstein, A. R. (2017) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24897 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
“Almost 10% of these injuries occur in those aged 65 years, most commonly due to falls and motor vehicle accidents.(21) Recovery from TBI in the elderly is poor, more likely to result in hospitalization, and is associated with higher treatment costs; therefore, the burden imposed by TBI will increase with the aging of…”
BackgroundTraumatic brain injury: sex, gender and intersecting vulnerabilities
Mollayeva, T., Mollayeva, S., & Colantonio, A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0091-y · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Ritzel, R. M., Doran, S. J., Glaser, E. P., Meadows, V. E., Faden, A. I., Stoica, B. A., & Loane, D. J. (2019) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.02.010 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Adherence to Guidelines in Adult Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Living Systematic Review
Cnossen, M. C., Scholten, A. C., Lingsma, H. F., Synnot, A., Tavender, E. J., Gantner, D. C., Lecky, F. E., Steyerberg, E. W., & Polinder, S. (2015) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4121 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
“The negative association between age and adherence in patients with severe TBI is conceivable because older age is associated with medical comorbidity and pre-morbid anticoagulant or antiplatelet use.(61) It has been suggested that these patients should not be treated aggressively,(62) although the BTF guidelines do n…”
BackgroundKehoe, A., Smith, J. E., Bouamra, O., Edwards, A., Yates, D., & Lecky, F. E. (2016) · Emergency Medicine Journal · doi:10.1136/emermed-2015-205180 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
“7 The fi ndings of this study cannot be attributed simply to differences in the mechanisms of injury between each group.”
BackgroundTraumatic brain injury—the effects of patient age on treatment intensity and mortality
Skaansar, O., Tverdal, C., Rønning, P. A., Skogen, K., Brommeland, T., Røise, O., Aarhus, M., Anđelić, N., & Helseth, E. (2020) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-020-01943-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Traumatic brain injury in older adults: do we need a different approach?
Peters, M. E., & Gardner, R. C. (2018) · Concussion · doi:10.2217/cnc-2018-0001 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Untangling senescent and damage‐associated microglia in the aging and diseased brain
Ng, P. Y., McNeely, T. L., & Baker, D. J. (2023) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16315 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Tamás, V., Kocsor, F., Gyuris, P., Kovács, N., Czeiter, E., & Büki, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00366 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“Data on the effect of aging on outcome are controversial; some authors claim (35, 36) that–though cost-efficiency is relatively low–with higher therapy intensity similar outcome results can be achieved in the elderly, too.”
ResultTraumatic brain injury in the new millennium: new population and new management
Giner, J., Galán, L. M., Teruel, S. Y., Espallargas, M. C. G., López, C. P., Guerrero, A. I., & Frade, J. R. (2021) · Neurología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2019.03.024 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Kerezoudis, P., Goyal, A., Puffer, R. C., Parney, I. F., Meyer, F. B., & Bydon, M. (2020) · Neurosurgical FOCUS · doi:10.3171/2020.7.focus20439 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Incidence of emergency neurosurgical TBI procedures: a population-based study
Tverdal, C., Aarhus, M., Rønning, P. A., Skaansar, O., Skogen, K., Anđelić, N., & Helseth, E. (2022) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12873-021-00561-w · Cited by 38 · see citing works
El traumatismo craneoencefálico severo en el nuevo milenio. Nueva población y nuevo manejo
Giner, J., Galán, L. M., Teruel, S. Y., Espallargas, M. C. G., López, C. P., Guerrero, A. I., & Frade, J. R. (2019) · Neurología · doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2019.03.012 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Prasad, G. L., Anmol, N., & Menon, G. R. (2017) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.12.034 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Abou‐Abbass, H., Bahmad, H. F., Abou‐El‐Hassan, H., Zhu, R., Zhou, S., Dong, X., Hamade, E., Mallah, K., Zebian, A., Ramadan, N., et al. (2016) · Electrophoresis · doi:10.1002/elps.201500583 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Scantling, D. R., Fischer, C., Gruner, R. A., Teichman, A. L., McCracken, B. M., & Eakins, J. (2017) · European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00068-017-0793-7 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Research has found that falls currently represent a large disease burden in elderly patients, with the rate of elderly falls increasing by 120% in the last decade [9].”
BackgroundResultTraumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults: aging with a TBI versus incident TBI in the aged
Peters, M. E. (2016) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610216001666 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Rosen, T., Clark, S., Bloemen, E. M., Mulcare, M. R., Stern, M. E., Hall, J. E., Flomenbaum, N., Lachs, M. S., & Eachempati, S. R. (2016) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2016.09.001 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Safest Time to Resume Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Puckett, Y., Zhang, K., Blasingame, J., Lorenzana, J., Parameswaran, S., Steven E Brooks, M., Baronia, B. C., & Griswold, J. (2018) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.2920 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Heydari, F., Golban, M., & Majidinejad, S. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.22114/ajem.v0i0.170 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Models of Traumatic Brain Injury in Aged Animals: A Clinical Perspective
Iboaya, A., Harris, J. L., Arickx, A., & Nudo, R. J. (2019) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968319883879 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Short- and Long-Term Geriatric Mortality After Acute Traumatic Subdural Hemorrhage
Benko, M. J., Abdulla, S., Cuoco, J. A., Dhiman, N., Klein, B. J., Guilliams, E. L., Marvin, E. A., Howes, G. A., Collier, B. R., & Hamill, M. E. (2019) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.086 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kashkoush, A. I., Petitt, J. C., Ladhani, H. A., Ho, V. P., Kelly, M. L., Ghneim, M. H., Albrecht, J. S., Brasel, K. J., Livaris, A., Watras, J. B., et al. (2021) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2021.09.121 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Neurosurgical treatment in elderly patients with Traumatic brain injury: A 20-year follow-up study
Laic, R. A. G., Sloten, J. V., & Depreitere, B. (2023) · Brain and Spine · doi:10.1016/j.bas.2023.101723 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Rittenhouse, K., Rogers, A. T., Clark, E., Horst, M., Adams, W., Bupp, K. A., Shertzer, W., Miller, J. A., Chandler, R., & Rogers, F. B. (2015) · The American Surgeon · doi:10.1177/000313481508100433 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Repetitive Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older Adults
Chauhan, A. V., Guralnik, J. M., dosReis, S., Sorkin, J. D., Badjatia, N., & Albrecht, J. S. (2021) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000719 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Singh, R. D., van Dijck, J. T. J. M., van Essen, T. A., Lingsma, H. F., Polinder, S., Kompanje, E. J. O., van Zwet, E. W., Steyerberg, E. W., de Ruiter, G. C. W., Depreitere, B., et al. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06184-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Furthermore, the widespread use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs among elderly increases the risk for ASDH development, even after low to moderate energetic head trauma [10].”
BackgroundOutcome after decompressive craniectomy in older adults after traumatic brain injury
Kapapa, T., Jesuthasan, S., Schiller, F., Schiller, F., Woischneck, D., Gräve, S., Barth, E., Mayer, B., Oehmichen, M., & Paľa, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1422040 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Unterhofer, C., Ho, W. M., Wittlinger, K., Thomé, C., & Ortler, M. (2017) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-017-3240-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Morin, A., Mouzon, B., Ferguson, S., Paris, D., Saltiel, N. A., Lungmus, C., Mullan, M., & Crawford, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2018.00292 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“, 2005), with ground falls and motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) as primary causes of brain trauma (Thompson et al., 2006; Mak et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialEpidemiology and outcomes of older trauma patients in Singapore: A multicentre study
Chua, M. T., Pan, D. S. T., Lee, M. Z., Thajudeen, M. Z., Rahman, M. M. F., Sheth, I. A., Ong, V. Y. K., Tang, J. Z. Y., Wee, C. P. J., & Kuan, W. S. (2022) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2022.08.018 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Eibinger, N., Halvachizadeh, S., Hallmann, B., Seibert, F. J., Puchwein, P., Berk, T., Lefering, R. L., Sprengel, K., Pape, H., Jensen, K. O., et al. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10110842 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Manet, R., de Courson, H., Capel, C., Joubert, C., Chivoret, N., Faillot, M., Balança, B., Sadr, A. B., Cardinale, M., Coca, A., et al. (2025) · Neurochirurgie · doi:10.1016/j.neuchi.2025.101686 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Lui, S. K., Fook-Chong, S., & Teo, Q.-Q. (2020) · Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare · doi:10.1177/2010105819901137 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
de la Blanca, M. A. I. P., Fernández‐Mondejar, E., Jiménez, F. J. G., Morales, J. M. A., Lombardo, M. D. Q., & Rodriguez, J. L. V. (2017) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2017.1382716 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“However, although TBI outcomes are considered to be worse among the elderly in general, it has been proposed that outcomes after minor-to-moderate head injury in the “younger elderly” (aged 65–75 years) may be comparable to those in under 65 year-olds (6).”
ResultHuang, P.-K., Sun, Y.-Z., Xie, X., Kang, D., Zheng, S., & Yao, P. (2019) · Chinese Neurosurgical Journal · doi:10.1186/s41016-019-0157-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Biomechanical perspectives on traumatic brain injury in the elderly: a comprehensive review
Abdi, H., Sánchez‐Molina, D., Vilana, S. G., & Rahimi-Movaghar, V. (2025) · Progress in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1088/2516-1091/ada654 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“With the global population aging, the incidence and complexity of TBIs in the elderly are becoming increasingly important [11, 12].”
Severe Leukoaraiosis Portends a Poor Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury
Henninger, N., Izzy, S., Carandang, R. A., Hall, W., & Muehlschlegel, S. (2014) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-014-9980-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Though further research is needed to ascertain whether leukoaraiosis can truly serve as a biomarker of brain integrity and help identify elderly patients who may benefit from aggressive care; our view is supported by observations that there appears to be a subset of elderly individuals surviving even moderate-to-sever…”
BackgroundOptical coherence tomography microscopy in experimental traumatic brain injury
Osiac, E., Mitran, S. I., Manea, N. C., Cojocaru, A., Roşu, G. C., Osiac, M., Pirici, D. N., Bălşeanu, T. A., & Cătălin, B. (2020) · Microscopy Research and Technique · doi:10.1002/jemt.23599 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Especially in this group even domestic accidents have a tendency to generate long term complications (Mak et al., 2012) and”
BackgroundThe profile of blunt traumatic supratentorial cranial bleed types
Shpiner, A. C., Bugaev, N., Riesenburger, R. I., Ng, I., Breeze, J. L., Arabian, S. S., & Rabinovici, R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.149 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“A large percentage of elderly SDH patients were also noted to have bleeding disorders or taking anticoagulation medication, which is attributed to an increased risk of SDH from minor trauma, SDH recurrence after treatment, and mortality [18].”
BackgroundLafiatoglou, P., Ellis‐Hill, C., Gouva, M., Ploumis, A., & Mantzoukas, S. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15016 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Research has shown that older individuals with TBI can achieve similar rehabilitation results regardless of the severity of the injury compared with younger patients (de Bonis et al., 2010; Lilley et al., 2016; Mak et al., 2012; Taussky et al., 2012).”
ResultGuideline Adherence and Outcome in Neurosurgical Treatment of Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma
Singh, R. D., Corper, S. A., Vreeburg, R. J. G., van Dijck, J. T. J. M., den Boogert, H. F., de Ruiter, G. C. W., Peul, W. C., & van Essen, T. A. (2025) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1177/08977151251387172 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: Epidemiology, Etiology, Rehabilitation, and Outcomes
Mattingly, E. O., & Roth, C. R. (2022) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2022_persp-21-00129 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Singh, R. D., van Dijck, J. T. J. M., van Essen, T. A., Nix, H. P., Vreeburg, R. J. G., den Boogert, H. F., de Ruiter, G. C. W., Depreitere, B., & Peul, W. C. (2024) · Brain and Spine · doi:10.1016/j.bas.2024.102903 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Prolonged vitality of the elderly prompts a desire to survive disorders and stay mobile which increases their risk of sustaining TBI (Maas et al., 2017; Brazinova et al., 2021; Mak et al., 2012).”
BackgroundChoi, M. S., Jeong, D. H., You, N. K., Roh, T. H., & Kim, S.-H. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.035 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Nevalainen, N., Luoto, T. M., Iverson, G. L., Mattila, V. M., & Huttunen, T. T. (2022) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-022-05140-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Simultaneously, the age of neurosurgically treated patients with TBIs has increased.”
BackgroundInfluentialGeriatric Neurosurgery in High-Income Developing Countries: A Sultanate of Oman Experience
Al-Saadi, T. D., Al-Mirza, A., Al-Taei, O., & Saâdi, H. (2022) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint3040021 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Discussion It is estimated that the elderly population will account for 18% of the world population by 2060 [10] indicating an increase in life expectancy due to improvements in living conditions [3].”
BackgroundThe profile of blunt traumatic infratentorial cranial bleed types
Ng, I., Bugaev, N., Riesenburger, R. I., Shpiner, A. C., Breeze, J. L., Arabian, S. S., & Rabinovici, R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.035 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms of age-related vulnerability to traumatic brain injury
Joshi, P., & Vemuganti, R. (2026) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2026.102890 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Gopaul, R., Wei, Z. D., Yan, J., Gong, F., & Xiao, S. W. (2016) · Chinese Neurosurgical Journal · doi:10.1186/s41016-016-0044-5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“At present there are about 10 million people affected annually by TBI [3].”
BackgroundInfluence of study population definition on the effect of age on outcomes after blunt head trauma
Peters, M. E., Hsu, M., Rao, V., Roy, D., Narapareddy, B. R., Bechtold, K. T., Sair, H. I., Meter, T. E. V., Falk, H. J., Hall, A. J., et al. (2018) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2018.1520301 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“By ICD-10 criteria, participants were deemed to have post-concussion symptoms (PCS) if they reported at least mild/moderate/severe problems in two or more of the following symptom domains reported on the Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (18): (1) headaches, dizziness, general malaise, excessive fatigue, or nois…”
BackgroundResultRajendran, G., Mahalingam, S., Ramkumar, A., Tamilarasu, K. P., & Kannan, R. (2025) · Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.4103/tjem.tjem_133_24 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“[8] Surgical interventions such as craniotomy or craniectomy for elderly patients may lack strong evidence‑based support and pose complexities in decision‑making, potentially resulting in survival with diminished quality of life or autonomy.”
Krishnan, R. R., Ting, S. W. X., Teo, W. S., Lim, C. J., & Chua, K. S. G. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13102047 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Other studies have also advocated for the aggressive acute treatment and rehabilitation of elderly TBI patients [23,45–47].”
BackgroundResultKumar, A., Jaiswal, S., Ojha, B. K., Chandra, A., Srivastava, C., Bajaj, A., & Yadav, A. K. (2024) · Indian Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1788254 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“16,17,19,21 We sought to study the clinical outcomes and epidemiological and clinicoradiological characteristics of patients with GTBI in our region.”
BackgroundThe impact of age and intensity of treatment on the outcome of traumatic brain injury
Corriero, A., Fornaciari, A., Terrazzino, S., Zangari, R., Izzi, A., Peluso, L., Savi, M., Faso, C., Cavallini, L., Polato, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1471209 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Surgical Decision Making for the Elderly Patients in Severe Head Injuries
Lee, K.-S., Shim, J.-J., Yoon, S.-M., Oh, J. S., Bae, H.-G., & Doh, J.-W. (2014) · Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · doi:10.3340/jkns.2014.55.4.195 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nagaratnam, N., Nagaratnam, K., & Cheuk, G. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32700-6_71-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cruz-Garcinuño, M., Juárez‐Vela, R., Chover‐Sierra, E., Navas-Echazarreta, N., Czapla, M., Ballestar‐Tarín, M. L., Martínez-Pascual, R. M., Nanwani-Nanwani, K., Serrano, A., del Val-Rey, I., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1622422 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“In Spain, the annual incidence of TBI is estimated at 200 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants (3–5).”
Lafiatoglou, P., Ellis‐Hill, C., Gouva, M., Ploumis, A., & Mantzoukas, S. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16939 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cognition and Behavior in the Aging Brain Following TBI: Surveying the Preclinical Evidence
Race, N. S., Moschonas, E. H., Kline, A. E., & Bondi, C. O. (2024) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_11 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Neurotrauma in Old Aged: A Study from India
Munivenkatappa, A., Kumar, V., Bhandarkar, P., Roy, N., Kamble, J., & Agrawal, A. (2017) · Indian Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1598092 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Blood Transfusion and Traumatic Brain Injury
Montoya-Gacharna, J. V., & Kendale, S. M. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59295-0_30 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Attia, S. M., Nabeeh, M. M., Ismael, H. K., & Hamada, M. M. M. (2021) · The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.21608/ejhm.2021.175164 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Often neglected, elderly TBI patients are going to be an increasing burden to the society with the worldwide aging population ((4)).”
BackgroundInfluentialCruz-Garcinuño, M., Juárez‐Vela, R., Martínez‐Sabater, A., Chover‐Sierra, E., González, J. L. S., Gea-Caballero, V., Ballestar‐Tarín, M. L., Serrano, A., Cobos-Rincón, A., Nanwani-Nanwani, K., et al. (2024) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0684.v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wallace, G. L. (2014) · Perspectives on Gerontology · doi:10.1044/gero19.1.24
Taylor, O. (2014) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/4485
Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly
Röckelein, V., Buchfelder, M., & Kleindienst, A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40232-1_19
Evidence of Decreasing Hospital Admissions for Traumatic Brain Injury in Europe
Theadom, A. (2017) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000475784
Outcome of Head Injury in the Elderly
Prasad, G. L. (2017) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.134
“The proportion of elderly population is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide as a result of the global availability of better health care facilities and improved standards of living.(2) Also, the mechanisms of injury are very much different in comparison with the younger people.”
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Hoang, S. V., & Nguyen, K. M. (2020) · Y HOC TP HO CHI MINH · doi:10.32895/ump.mpr.4.1.4
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STATISTICAL STUDY OF FATAL BLUNT HEAD INJURIES IN GREAT CAIRO GOVERNORATE DURING 2014
Awara, R. R. A., El-Dabah, F. H., & Hassan, A. I. (2018) · Al-Azhar Medical Journal · doi:10.21608/0047699
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Murdoch, I., Turpin, S., Johnston, B., MacLullich, A. M. J., & Losman, E. D. (2014) · doi:10.1002/9781118655641.ch14
Ageing and brain injuries: The multiple relationships
Poz, R. (2019) · FPOP Bulletin Psychology of Older People · doi:10.53841/bpsfpop.2019.1.145.27
Al-Mirza, A., Al-Taei, O., Saâdi, H., & Al-Saadi, T. D. (2022) · Romanian Neurosurgery · doi:10.33962/roneuro-2022-017
Qasemi, R., Heydari, F., Masoumi, B., Abootalebi, A., & Boroumand, A. B. (2023) · Archives of Trauma Research · doi:10.4103/atr.atr_3_23
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The weekend effect in geriatric traumatic brain injury in tertiary hospital: an observational study
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“Our research concerns whether geriatric TBI patients operated during weekends have similar results to those operated during weekdays [14].”
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“The analysis of risk factors for intracranial haemorrhage following falls with head impact in older patients is a crucial step for improving subsequent diagnosis, treatment and prevention of such events (Mak et al., 2012).”
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- Authors
- Mak, C. H. K., Wong, S. K. H., Wong, G. K., Ng, S., Wang, K. K. W., Lam, P. K., & Poon, W. S.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Poon, Wai Sang
- Venue
- Current Translational Geriatrics and Experimental Gerontology Reports
- Published
- 2012-07-06
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 171-178
- ISSN
- 2162-4941 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3758513
- OpenAlex
- W2060325639
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 0.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Current Translational Geriatrics and Experimental Gerontology Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, older adults, falls, motor vehicle accidents, comorbidities, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, functional outcome, cognitive outcomes, psychiatric complications, animal models of aging, stem cell therapy
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