The Impact of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio on the Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be obtained with a basic hemogram test. These parameters have been found as a predictor of mortality in the general population and in several diseases such as cardiovascular disease. METHODS: Our study included 100 patients with newly diagnosed MDD and 100 healthy control patients (who had no depressive symptoms and without heart disease) admitted to our outpatient clinics. Patients with MDD were started on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment and followed up for 3 months. Both MDD and control patients' laboratory tests and physical, neurological, and psychiatric examinations were performed both at diagnosis and after 3 months of treatment. RESULTS: In total, 100 patients with MDD were evaluated and 80 were included in our study. The control group consisted of 91 healthy individuals. The mean age was 44 ± 10.6 years for patients with MDD and 39.8 ± 11.4 years for the control group. There was no significant difference between the age for groups (P = 0.13); 55% of patients with MDD and 33% of the control group was male. NLR levels were found to be 2.55 ± 0.7 and RDW levels were found to be 14.3 ± 2.6 in patients with MDD; NLR levels were found to be 1.41 ± 0.8 and RDW levels were found to be 13.4 ± 1.8 in the control group. RDW and NLR levels were significantly higher in patients with MDD compared to the control group. The significant difference between the levels of RDW and NLR in patients with MDD and the control group was dissolved after SSRI treatment (P < 0.001). RDW [median 14.3, interquartile range (IQR) 2.8 vs. median 13.25, IQR 2.45; P < 0.001] and NLR (median 2.3, IQR 1.1 vs. median 2.0, IQR 1.15; P < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in patients with MDD compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that hematological inflammatory markers might be useful parameters that can be used in patients with MDD for coronary artery disease risk. Specifically, RDW and NLR seem to be more hopeful. Advanced, detailed, and larger studies are needed.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
When compared to healthy controls, those with unipolar depression who did not receive antidepressant treatment had a significantly higher NLR rate, and the significant difference vanished after 3 months of treatment.
“When compared to healthy controls, those with unipolar depression who did not receive antidepressant treatment had a significantly higher NLR rate. The significant difference vanished after 3 months of treatment.12”
From Association Between Mood Disorder Severity, Treatment Response and Systemic Inflammatory Markers: Exploring the Role of NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
NLR, PLR, and MLR were all found to be elevated in patients with depression.
“NLR, PLR, and MLR were all found to be elevated in patients with depression (37–41).”
From Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Depression: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [39]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change
Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.134.4.382 · Cited by 13,962 · see citing works
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular diseases: a review
Bhat, T., Teli, S., Rijal, J. P., Bhat, H., Raza, M. R., Khoueiry, G., Meghani, M., Akhtar, M. S., & Costantino, T. G. (2012) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/erc.12.159 · Cited by 767 · see citing works
Even minimal symptoms of depression increase mortality risk after acute myocardial infarction
Bush, D. E., Ziegelstein, R. C., Tayback, M., Richter, D., Stevens, S. S., Zahalsky, H., & Fauerbach, J. A. (2001) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01675-7 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Usefulness of the Lymphocyte Concentration as a Prognostic Marker in Coronary Artery Disease
Ommen, S. R., Gibbons, R. J., Hodge, D. O., & Thomson, S. P. (1997) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00878-8 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and 1-Year Mortality in Acute Heart Failure
van Kimmenade, R. R. J., Mohammed, A. A., Uthamalingam, S., van der Meer, P., Felker, G. M., & Januzzi, J. L. (2009) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfp179 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Zorlu, A., Bektaşoğlu, G., Güven, F. M. K., Doğan, Ö. T., Gücük, E., Ege, M. R., Altay, H., Çınar, Z., Tandoğan, İ., & Yılmaz, M. B. (2011) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.08.015 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Are platelets the link between depression and ischemic heart disease?
Nemeroff, C. B., & Musselman, D. L. (2000) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1067/mhj.2000.109978 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Ye, Z., Smith, C. Y., & Kullo, I. J. (2011) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.12.023 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Platelets and coronary heart disease: potential psychophysiologic mechanisms.
Markovitz, J. H., & Matthews, K. A. (1991) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199111000-00006 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Red Cell Distribution Width: An Inexpensive and Powerful Prognostic Marker in Heart Failure
Al‐Najjar, Y., Goode, K. M., Zhang, J., et al. (2009) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfp147 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Oh, H. J., Park, J. T., Kim, H. B., Yoo, D. E., Kim, S. J., Han, S. H., Kang, S., Choi, K. H., & Yoo, T. (2011) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfr307 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Bıyık, M., Uçar, R., Solak, Y., Güngör, G., Polat, İ., Gaipov, A., Çakır, Ö. Ö., Ataseven, H., Demir, A., Türk, S., et al. (2012) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e32835c2af3 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Azab, B. N., Torbey, E., Hatoum, H. A., Singh, J., Khoueiry, G., Bachir, R. H., McGinn, J. T., McCord, D., & Lafferty, J. (2011) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000329920 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Young, M. R., Kut, J. L., Coogan, M. P., Wright, M. A., Young, M. E., & Matthews, J. (1993) · PubMed Central · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Taşoğlu, İ., Sert, D. E., Çolak, N., et al. (2013) · Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis · doi:10.1177/1076029613475474 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Parissis, J., Fountoulaki, K., Filippatos, G. S., Adamopoulos, S. N., PARASKEVAIDIS, I. A., & Kremastinos, D. T. (2006) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.03.038 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Narcı, H., Türk, E., Karagülle, E., Togan, T., & Karabulut, K. U. (2013) · World Journal of Emergency Surgery · doi:10.1186/1749-7922-8-46 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
ZALAWADIYA, S. K., Veeranna, V., Panaich, S., Afonso, L., & Ghali, J. K. (2012) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.01.396 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Regulation of Murine T-Lymphocyte Function by Spleen Cell-Derived and Exogenous Serotonin
Kut, J. L., Young, M. R., Crayton, J. W., Wright, M. A., & Young, M. E. (1992) · Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/08923979209009235 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Morgan, D. L., & Peck, S. D. (1988) · American Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1093/ajcp/89.4.513 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [1]Frasure-Smith N Lespérance F Talajic M Depression following myocardial infarction. Impact on 6-month survival JAMA 1993 270 1819 1825 10.1001/jama.1993.03510150053029 8411525 · DOI
- [3]Penninx BW Beekman AT Honig A Deeg DJ Schoevers RA van Eijk JT van Tilburg W Depression and cardiac mortality: results from a community-based longitudinal study Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001 58 221 227 10.1001/archpsyc.58.3.221 11231827 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in mood disorders: A meta-analysis
Mazza, M. G., Lucchi, S., Tringali, A. G. M., Rossetti, A., Botti, E. R., & Clerici, M. (2018) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.03.012 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Mazza, M. G., Lucchi, S., Rossetti, A., & Clerici, M. (2020) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2019.1583371 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Cheng, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Jiang, Z., Zhu, L., & Fang, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.893097 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Mazza, M. G., Tringali, A. G. M., Rossetti, A., Botti, R. E., & Clerici, M. (2019) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.02.003 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Özyurt, G., & Binici, N. C. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.007 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Bulut, N. S., Yorguner, N., & Çarkaxhiu Bulut, G. (2021) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2021.1919201 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Neutrophil/Lymphocyte, Platelet/Lymphocyte, and Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratios in Mood Disorders
Marazziti, D., Torrigiani, S., Carbone, M. G., Mucci, F., Flamini, W., Ivaldi, T., & Dell'Osso, L. (2022) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867328666210922160116 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Ramos-Cejudo, J., Johnson, A. D., Beiser, A., Seshadri, S., Salinas, J., Berger, J. S., Fillmore, N. R., Do, N., Zheng, C., Kovbasyuk, Z., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.773984 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Martínez-Botía, P., Velasco, A., Rolle, V., Jiménez-Trevino, L., De la Fuente-Tomás, L., Bernardo, Á., Arias, T., Muñoz-Turrillas, M. D. C., García-Alvarez, L., González-Blanco, L., et al. (2020) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.06.006 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Puangsri, P., Jinanarong, V., & Ninla-aesong, P. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.017 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Department of Psychiatry, G. U., Kucukkarapinar, M., Erbil, D., Department of Psychiatry, G. U., Keles, İ., Department of Psychiatry, G. U., Karadag, F., & Department of Psychiatry, G. U. (2024) · Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.5152/pcp.2024.23760 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, U. O. H. S., Önen, Ö., Erkuran, H. Ö., Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, U. O. H. S., Bağ, Ö., Department of Social Pediatrics, U. O. H. S., Abacıgil, F., & Department of Public Health, A. A. M. U. F. O. M. (2021) · Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.5152/pcp.2021.21137 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Department of Psychiatry, D. U. M. F., Uyar, B., Budak, E. A., & Department of Psychiatry, D. U. M. F. (2022) · PSYCHIATRIA DANUBINA · doi:10.24869/psyd.2022.687 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Demircan, F., Gözel, N., Kılınç, F., Ulu, R., & Atmaca, M.
- Affiliations
- Dicle University (TR)
- Fırat University (TR)
- Venue
- Neurology and Therapy
- Published
- 2015-12-19
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 27-33
- ISSN
- 2193-6536 (ISSN-L)
- 2193-8253
- PMC
- PMC4919129
- OpenAlex
- W2200886013
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 3.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Neurology and Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace - FIRAT (Fırat University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, red cell distribution width, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, inflammatory markers, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antidepressant response, hematological parameters, depression and cardiovascular disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
