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Cited by 57Toxic Organic Pollutants ImpactEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research

Flame retardants and neurodevelopment: an updated review of epidemiological literature

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Vuong, Ann M., Yolton, Kimberly, Cecil, Kim M., Braun, Joseph M., Lanphear, Bruce P., Chen, Aimin·2020·Current Epidemiology Reports
DOI 10.1007/s40471-020-00256-zPMC PMC7781237
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Abstract

Purpose of review Flame retardant (FR) compounds can adversely impact neurodevelopment. This updated literature review summarizes epidemiological studies of FRs and neurotoxicity published since 2015, covering historical (polybrominated biphenyls [PBBs], polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]), contemporary (polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs], hexabromocyclododecane [HBCD], and tetrabromobisphenol A [TBBPA]), and current-use organophosphate FRs (OPFRs) and brominated FRs (2-ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobezoate [EH-TBB] TBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate [BEH-TEBP]), focusing on prenatal and postnatal periods of exposure. Recent findings Continuing studies on PCBs still reveal adverse associations on child cognition and behavior. Recent studies indicate PBDEs are neurotoxic, particularly for gestational exposures with decreased cognition and increased externalizing behaviors. Findings were suggestive for PBDEs and other behavioral domains and neuroimaging. OPFR studies provide suggestive evidence of reduced cognition and more behavioral problems. Summary Despite a lack of studies of PBBs, TBBPA, EH-TBB, and BEH-TEBP, and only two studies of HBCD, recent literature of PCBs, PBDEs, and OPFRs are suggestive of developmental neurotoxicity, calling for more studies of OPFRs.

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  • FRs disrupt monoaminergic, neuropeptidergic, and synaptic regulatory pathways that are essential for synaptic organization, stability, and behavioral function.

    “Together, these findings strengthen the view that FRs disrupt monoaminergic, neuropeptidergic, and synaptic regulatory pathways that are essential for synaptic organization, stability, and behavioral function (Kim et al., 2025; Vuong et al., 2020).”

    From Environmental endocrine disruptors at the synapse: mechanisms linking chemical exposure to cognitive and behavioral dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Vuong et al., 2020

    The Introduction reports toxicological evidence that flame retardants interfere with GABA signaling and affect neuronal differentiation; the Conclusions describe associations with behavioral outcomes. The review does not identify disrupted monoaminergic or neuropeptidergic pathways, or establish the claimed effects on synaptic organization and stability. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Vuong, A. M., Yolton, K., Cecil, K. M., Braun, J. M., Lanphear, B. P., & Chen, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Nevada, Las Vegas (US)
  • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
  • Brown University (US)
  • Simon Fraser University (CA)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Vuong, Ann M.
ORCID
Venue
Current Epidemiology Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-11-10
Volume
7
Issue
4
Pages
220-236
ISSN
2196-2995 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1007/s40471-020-00256-z
PMC
PMC7781237
OpenAlex
W3101737909
Cited by
57
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 3
FWCI
2.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Current Epidemiology Reports (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P01 ES11261, R01 ES020349, R01 ES024381, R01 ES025214, R01 ES014575, R01 ES028277)
  • Environmental Protection Agency (P01 R829389)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Keywords
flame retardants, brain development, developmental neurotoxicity, polybrominated biphenyls, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hexabromocyclododecane, tetrabromobisphenol A, organophosphate flame retardants, prenatal exposure, postnatal exposure, children's cognition, externalizing problems, neuroimaging

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